Glycogen extracted from liver of type II glycogenosis was studied pbysicochemically. Its infra-red absorption spectrum wave showed a typical α-polysaccharide. Electron micrographs of the extracted glycogen with negative staining procedure revealed a large branching structure very similar to the normal control liver glycogen. The Cotton effect was not observed in the ORD and CD absorption spectra wave. Tbe degree of β-amylolysis and the average chain length were slightly greater than that of the normal control glycogen. The sedimentation coefficient had a larger s value than normal glycogen.

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Osmium black reaction products from 3, 3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) oxidation via rat kidney mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase were studied relative to a wide range of incubating pH values and with different incubating times.
The reaction products were localized within the mitochondrial cristae and outer compartments. The greatest amount of reaction products appeared at pH 8.0-8.4. However, the best membrane-localized reaction with fine products occurred at pH 7.2-7.4. Reducing the incubating time resulted in more precisely localized reaction products, although the staining was decreased. In the higher pH range the reaction products became more diffuse and factors other than enzyme activity were presumed to influence the reaction product formation. Cristae alone did not stain at any of the pH values tested.

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Glycoproteins, including human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), though not of pituitary origin, consist of two subunits, namely α- and β-subunit. Wide attention has been paid to the activities of β-subunit of those hormones not only biologically but immunologically, in regard to clinical interests. Recent studies have revealed that the specific antigenicity of hCG depends on not α-subunit (α-hCG) but β-subunit (β-hCG).
This paper describes the localization, distribution and secretion process of β-hCG in normal human chorionic tissue by fluorescent antibody technique, compared with the results that we obtained in studies of hCG previously.
β-hCG is produced in the area surrounding the cell nuclear zone of syncytiotrophoblasts. No expansion is recognized in cytotrophoblasts. Fine granular distribution is seen in cytoplasm. Fine granules are concentrated along the so-called brush border of syncytiotrophoblasts, to be secreted into intervillous space.
The production sites of β-hCG are far more clearly demonstrable than that of hCG.

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Changes in the distribution of radioactive carbon from [U-¹⁴C] glucose in mice with carbon monoxide were studied by whole-body autoradiography.
Two periods could be distinguished in the changes of ¹⁴C concentrations in organs affected by CO poisoning with prolonged exposure time up to 6 hrs: the first stage of 30 and 60min and the second stage of over one hr. In the first stage, a marked decrease in ¹⁴C concentration was shown for the brain, palatine, submaxillary and Harder's gland, while an increase was shown for the myocardium, liver, kidney cortex and blood. In the second stage, however, changes of ¹⁴C concentration in organs were less pronounced and showed for almost all organs a trend rather resembling that of blood.

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Effect of tepa, shikonin and ecdysone was studied on the activity of acid phosphatase by biochemical and histochemical methods. Tepa and shikonin (chemosterilants) inhibited the enzyme activity while ecdysone had no effect. These findings have been discussed in the present paper.

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Specific markers characterizing neoplastic malignancy have up to the present time not been detected. The morphological features appear to be the most appreciable cell properties when assessing neoplastic malignancy in its early preclinical stage. In order to detect the morphological parameters for employment in automatic screening cancer cytology in the gynecologicalfield, we studied cytological feature extraction and feature evaluation, as well as the correlation between optical density in hematoxylin staining and DNA content in the nuclei, by using the “ambiguity differential function” and Kolmogrov-Smirnov Two Sample Test.
After fundamental research on segmentation of cells and nuclei, and following the above mentioned examination, the automated cytology screening system (CYBEST) was developed-he prototype in 1972, Model 2 in 1974, and quite recently Model 3 (April 1978) . The parameters are nuclear size, nuclear optical density, nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, and nuclear shape. Screening time required per specimen is within 6 min in Model 2 and 3 min in Model 3.
An outline of these systems is presented in this paper. Results of the field test of Model 2 were: false negative rate 0-1.8%, and false positive 12.1-32%. Field testing utilizing the Model 3 is now being carried out.

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Due to the development of the post-irradiation method and understanding of the basic principles for fluorescence stablization, the most serious problems of primary fluorescence and fluorescence fading in cytofluorometry have been solved. These technical improvements enabled us to develop a multi-fluorescence method for quantification of different cellular constituents and metabolic products in the same cell. Besides the applications of the multifluorescence method described in the present paper, many other techniques for multiparameter analysis systems will be developed in the future. Thus fluorescence cytofluorometry becomes a promising technique for quantitative analysis in biology and medicince.

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