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Volume 42 (2009)
- Issue 6 Pages 159-
- Issue 5 Pages 129-
- Issue 4 Pages 95-
- Issue 3 Pages 65-
- Issue 2 Pages 15-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 42, Issue 5
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Enyi Huang, Xiaohua Lian, Wei Chen, Tian Yang, Li Yang2009 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 129-136
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2009
Advance online publication: September 15, 2009JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHair follicle stem cells (HfSCs) play crucial roles in hair follicle morphogenesis and hair cycling. These stem cells are self-renewable and have the multi-lineage potential to generate epidermis, sebaceous glands, and hair follicle. The separation and identification of hair follicle stem cells are important for further research in stem cell biology. In this study, we report on the successful enrichment of rat hair follicle stem cells through vario magnetic activated cell sorting (Vario MACS) and the biological characteristics of the stem cells. We chose the HfSCs positive surface markers CD34, α6-integrin and the negative marker CD71 to design four isolation strategies: positive selection with single marker of CD34, positive selection with single marker of α6-integrin, CD71 depletion followed by CD34 positive selection, and CD71 depletion followed by α6-integrin positive selection. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that all four strategies had ideal effects. Specifically, we conducted a series of researches on HfSCs characterized by their high level of CD34, termed CD34bri cells, and low to undetectable expression of CD34, termed CD34dim cells. CD34bri cells had greater proliferative potential and higher colony-forming ability than CD34dim cells. Furthermore, CD34bri cells had some typical characteristics as progenitor cells, such as large nucleus, obvious nucleolus, large nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio and few cytoplasmic organelles. Our findings clearly demonstrated that HfSCs with high purity and viability could be successfully enriched with Vario MACS.
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Guo Wen, Wang Hui, Chen Dan, Wu Xiao-Qiong, Tong Jian-Bin, Li Chang-Qi ...2009 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 137-142
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2009
Advance online publication: September 15, 2009JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAcetylcholinesterase is the enzyme that terminates neurotransmission by hydrolyzing the acetylcholine released by the motoneurons at the neuromuscular junctions. Although acetylcholinesterase has been studied for almost a century, the underlying relationship between exercise-induced fatigue and acetylcholinesterase activity at the synaptic cleft is not clear. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of exercise-induced fatigue on the expression and activity of acetylcholinesterase at the neuromuscular junctions. The expression and activity of acetylcholinesterase at the gastrocnemius neuromuscular junctions was decreased transiently by exercise-induced fatigue and then gradually increased over 24 hr. The expression of acetylcholinesterase in the 24 hr recovery group returned to the level of the control (non-exercised) group, but the activity of acetylcholinesterase remained significantly lower. These data suggest that the decrease of acetylcholinesterase expression and activity may be involved in the production and/or maintenance of exercise-induced fatigue.
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Kaori K. Gunjigake, Tetsuya Goto, Kayoko Nakao, Shigeru Kobayashi, Kaz ...2009 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 143-149
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2009
Advance online publication: September 15, 2009JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe neurons in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) are surrounded by satellite glial cells (SGCs), which passively support the function of the neurons, but little is known about the interactions between SGCs and TG neurons after peripheral nerve injury. To examine the effect of nerve injury on SGCs, we investigated the activation of SGCs after neuronal damage due to the extraction of the upper molars in rats. Three, 7, and 10 days after extraction, animals were fixed and the TG was removed. Cryosections of the ganglia were immunostained with antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of activated SGCs, and ATF3, a marker of damaged neurons. After tooth extraction, the number of ATF3-immunoreactive (IR) neurons enclosed by GFAP-IR SGCs had increased in a time-dependent manner in the maxillary nerve region of the TG. Although ATF3-IR neurons were not detected in the mandibular nerve region, the number of GFAP-IR SGCs increased in both the maxillary and mandibular nerve regions. Our results suggest that peripheral nerve injury affects the activation of TG neurons and the SGCs around the injured neurons. Moreover, our data suggest the existence of a neuronal interaction between maxillary and mandibular neurons via SGC activation.
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Yutaka Hisanaga, Kazuki Nakashima, Eichi Tsuruga, Yuka Nakatomi, Yuji ...2009 Volume 42 Issue 5 Pages 151-157
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2009
Advance online publication: October 01, 2009JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe elastic system fibers comprise oxytalan, elaunin and elastic fibers, which differ in their relative microfibril and elastin content. Human periodontal ligaments (PDL) contain only oxytalan fibers (pure microfibrils) among them. Since fibulin-5 regulates the organization of elastic fibers to link the fibers to cells, we hypothesized that fibulin-5 may contribute to the formation of oxytalan fibers. We used siRNA for fibulin-5 in PDL cell culture to examine the extracellular deposition of fibrillin-1 and -2, which are the major components of microfibrils. Fibulin-5 was labeled on microfibrils positive for fibrillin-1 and -2. Fibulin-5 suppression reduced the level of fibrillin-1 and -2 deposition to 60% of the control level. These results suggest that fibulin-5 may control the formation of oxytalan fibers, and play a role in the homeostasis of oxytalan fibers.
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