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Volume 10 (1977)
- Issue 4 Pages 407-
- Issue 3 Pages 271-
- Issue 2 Pages 161-
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Volume 10, Issue 3
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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OICHI KAWANAMI, JOSEPH M. LAUWERYNS1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 271-279
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUltra-thin sections of rat lung were cut under extremely low temperatures (-120°C at specimen and -90°C at knife respectively) and were then stained with 1% phosphotungstic acid for 20 sec at 37°C. The lamellar inclusion bodies of type II alveolar cells show concentric lamellations with 70 to 80 Å spacing and the vesicular components also present in inner aspect. The limit membrane of approximately 100Å thickness may be derived from the outer part of the paired endoplasmic reticulum and rarefaction of the inner part may eventually take place to form the lamellated pattern. The dark zone of about 200Å was shown to usually exist between the inner aspect of limit membrane and the lamellation. Lysosomal structure possesses non-cellular dense content which may be derived from autophagic activity of cytomembranes. Identical compounds are frequently encountered in multi-vesicular bodies. In these particular inclusions, rarefaction of the lamellations is not observed but irregular periodicities and undistinct polarities are often observed. The assumption that the lammellated inclusion bodies may have their origin either in lysosomes or multi-vesicular bodies remains a rather remote possibility. The collagen fibrills are disclosed with high constant periodicity, measuring up to 670Å and the elastic fibers are constituted with aggregations of fine flocculant filamentous materials.View full abstractDownload PDF (11598K) -
MASAO OHYUMI1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 280-292
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhosphorylase activity was histochemically stimulated in the heart conduction system of rabbits by pretreatment with isoproterenol, but not in the case of the use of propranolol.
With observation under the electron microscope, the new polyglucose particles which were histochemically synthesized from glucose 1-phosphate by the phosphorylase-branching glycosyltransferase system appeared to be deposited more abundantly than usual in the intracytoplasmic matrix of S-A nodal cells and in the nuclear matrix after the isoproterenol administration, while this was not the case with propranolol-treatment. These particles were more abundant and larger in size than native glycogen particles.View full abstractDownload PDF (16084K) -
SUSUMU TOMONAGA, GUTTA I. SCHOEFL1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 293-298
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSParaffin-imbedded lymph nodes from horseradish peroxidase (HRP) stimulated mice were used for immunohistochemical studies on the localization of anti-HRP antibody. Reaction product of anti-HRP could be demonstrated in antibody-forming cells and in some cases also around the wall of high endothelium venules. Endogenous peroxidase activity and much of the extracellularly located antibody could not be shown in these sections. This method appears to be particularly suitable for the demonstration of antibody-forming cells. The main advantages are both ease in sectioning large tissue samples or even whole organs and in preparing serial sections.View full abstractDownload PDF (5656K) -
HARUMICHI SEGUCHI, FARUK HADZISELIMOVIC1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 299-309
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUnilateral orchidopexy was performed on 20 normal adult rats. Ten rats were sham-operated as controls. After 10 to 80 days they were sacrificed. Two hours before sacrifice 30mg of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) dissolved in 1ml of 0.9% NaCl solution was injected intraperitoneally. After the sacrifice testes were excised and investigated electron microscopically. Permeability of the Tunica propria and the basal membrane of the seminiferous tubule in cryptorchid testis showed no significant difference for HRP compared with that in testis of control rats and in contralateral scrotal testis of experimental rats. The Tunica propria of the seminiferous tubule in cryptorchid testis was thickend by a progressive fibrosis with an increase in both cells and extracellular fibers. The seminiferous tubule consisted of Sertoli cells only. The contralateral scrotal testis revealed morphologically no significant difference from normal testis. HRP was found adhering to the cells of the seminiferous tubule not only in normal and scrotal testis but also in cryptorchid testis. HRP was not observed in intercellular space deeper than the spermatogonia and in the lumen of the seminiferous tubule, while it was found in the intercellular space between the spermatogonia and Sertoli cells. The surface cells of the seminiferous tubule took up HRP actively by micropinocytosis. This activity was more marked in normal and contralateral scrotal testis than in cryptorchid testis. The function of blood-testis barrier remained in cryptorchid testis, but the active transport through the micropinocytosis was extremely reduced.View full abstractDownload PDF (16118K) -
I. THE EFFECTS OF COLLOIDAL CARBON INJECTION ON THE PRIMARY ANTI-SRBC ANTIBODY AND DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY RESPONSESTERUHIKO OKADA1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 310-320
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe role of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) in the immune response was studied in mice. Mice were first injected i.v. with colloidal carbon and then stimulated with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) through the same route at various time intervals. The immune response was modified when the RES-blocked mice were stimulated with SRBC either at the same time as with carbon or 1-3 days later. The splenic direct and indirect plaque-forming cells (DPFC and IPFC) responses and the serum antibody responses were suppressed in RES-blocked mice stimulated with a high dose of SRBC one day after carbon treatment. In contrast, these responses were enhanced in RES-blocked mice stimulated with a low dose of SRBC. The induction of delayed hypersensitivity against intravenous sensitization with SRBC was inhibited in RES-blocked mice one day after carbon treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (966K) -
TERUHIKO OKADA1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 321-329
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of reticuloendothelial system (RES)-blockade on immune response and immunological memory formation were studied in mice. To examine the effects of carbon on memory formation, mice were first treated with carbon and then stimulated with 104-109 sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) one day later. The maximum secondary indirect plaque-forming cell (IPFC) responses to restimulation with 109 SRBC were obtained in control mice primed with 106 SRBC and in mice injected with carbon and primed with 105 SRBC. The effects of RES-blockade on memory formation were not prominent and only mice primed with 105 SRBC showed increased humoral immune responses in comparison with control mice. Both carbon-treated and control mice primed with 104 SRBC showed high secondary direct PFC and low IPFC response to 109 SRBC restimulation. In the case of mice primed with 109 SRBC 30 days before injection with carbon and restimulated with 105-109 SRBC one day later, the mice given the larger dose of booster antigen had larger PFC responses in spleen compared to mice injected with the smaller antigen dose but a difference in PFC response between carbon-treated mice and control mice was not observed.
It was suggested that RES-blockade increased memory formation in mice primed with a low antigen dose but did not affect the development of the secondary antibody response in mice primed with 109 SRBC.View full abstractDownload PDF (864K) -
TERUHIKO OKADA1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 330-336
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of saponin on the primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) were investigated in mice.
When a large amount of saponin was injected i.v. into mice, all the mice died of acute saponin poisoning within 48hr. Mice were injected i.v. with saponin at a sublethal dose and were stimulated i.v. with 105-1010 SRBC 6hr later. The splenic plaque-forming cell (PFC) response was determined 4 and 7 days later. Saponin-treated mice showed an intensely suppressed direct PFC (DPFC) response at 4 days and an indirect PFC (IPFC) response at 7 days.
It was suggested that the reticuloendothelial system (RES) in saponin-treated mice was functionally defective both at the level of antigen uptake and at the level of antigen processing.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K) -
FUMITADA HAZAMA, GEORG W. KREUTZBERG1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 337-349
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnterograde fiber degeneration and transneuronal changes in the optic system of rabbits were studied histochemically after transection of one side of the optic nerve. Oxidoreductases, particularly NADH2 and NADPH2 tetrazolium-reductase were used as marker enzymes in a study of the time sequence of glial activation. The microglial cells were found to be maximally activated very early, during the 2nd week, and their activity decreased after 6 weeks. At this point macrophage activity increased and reached its maximum level between 7 and 10 weeks. While the number of macrophages rose, that of microglial cells decreased. The oligodendroglial cells reached their maximal activity during the 3rd week. At this stage many hypertrophied cells were found in the optic tract, their activity decreasing after 6 weeks. On the other hand, the enzymatic activity of the astrocytes appeared after a short delay and high levels were reached in the 6th week, but activated cells were still found one year after the transection. The roles of the reactive cells in the various processes of Wallerian degeneration are discussed.
Decreased activities of oxidoreductases were observed in the nerve cells of the affected lateral geniculate nucleus. The activities remained low for at least 18 months. There was much less enzymatic change in the superior colliculus than in the lateral geniculate nucleus.View full abstractDownload PDF (10414K) -
HIDEKI KOJIMA, MITSUKO KUWAHARA, SHIGEMI ANRAKU, KENJI ONOGI, RYOZO IT ...1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 350-357
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFormaldehyde-induced fluorescence microscopy, microspectrofluorimetry and chemical assay were applied to bullfrog adrenals. Chemical determination showed that bullfrog adrenals contain excessively high amounts of noradrenaline and adrenaline and only a small amount of dopamine. Two cell types (chromaffin cells showing an orange fluorescence and acidophilic summer cells showing a green fluorescence) were observed in sections of bullfrog adrenals treated with formaldehyde vapor of 60-75% humidity equilibration at 80°C for 1 hour. The two cell types showed excitation/emission maxima at 410-420/510-560mμ and at 410-420/500mμ, respectively.
When treated with formaldehyde vapor at 50°C for 1 hour, chromaffin cells were divided into two types (one type showing an orange fluorescence and the other showing a green fluorescence). The orange and the green fluorescing chromatin cells showed excitation/emission maxima at 420/470mμ and at 410-420/460-470mμ, respectively. A green fluorescing ganglion cell also was found.
This data indicates the presence of four cell types containing catecholamines (two types of chromatin cells containing noradrenaline and adrenaline, acidophilic summer cells containing adrenaline and ganglion cells probably containing adrenaline) in bullfrog adrenals.View full abstractDownload PDF (4365K) -
K. OGAWA1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 359
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (96K) -
I. B. BUCHWALOW, E. UNGER, N. T. RAIKHLIN, YU. W. MASHKOWTSEV1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 360-370
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUltrastructural localization of β-glycerophosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase, ATPase and NAD-pyrophosphorylase was investigated in isolated mouse liver nuclei. Activity of β-glycerophosphatase was found in interchromatin granules, in nuclear membranes, perinuclear space and in nuclear pores. Activity of β-glycerophosphatase in the nuclear membranes and in nuclear pores showed a maximum at pH 6.4. Glucose-6-phosphatase activity was detected only in the nuclear membranes and perinuclear space. ATPase activity was demonstrated in nuclear membranes and in RNP-components such as nucleolus, interchromatin granules and coiled bodies and apparently in perichromatin fibrills. NAD-pyrophosphorylase was found in the same RNP-components of the nucleus as ATPase but was absent from the nuclear membranes. A possible physiological role of these enzymes in RNA metabolism is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (9679K) -
W. SCHULZE, U. HINTERBERGER, A. WOLLENBERGER, E.-G. KRAUSE, E. JANISZE ...1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 371-378
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
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J. E. SCOTT1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 379
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
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JACOB S. HANKER, RICHARD A. COLEMAN, KEITH A. CARSON, A. G. EVERSON PE ...1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 380-386
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe electron microscopic cytochemical localizations of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and NADH dehydrogenase (diaphorase, NADH-D) were studied in osteoclasts of developing chick bone and of mandibular condyle of newborn mice. These enzymes were also studied in trigeminal ganglion neurons of newborn mice. Both of these enzymes were observed in some mitochondria in all tissues, suggesting involvement in aerobic metabolism; their association with phagocytic vacuoles suggests involvement in anaerobic glycolysis, also. Lactic acid produced in lysosomes and phagosomes could enhance the activities of acid hydrolases in the digestion of extracellular and intracellular substances. An NADH-D isoenzyme with a relationship to anaerobic metabolism, like the LDH muscle isoenzyme, may be involved.View full abstractDownload PDF (7755K) -
K. OGAWA, T. TANAKA, A. TSUCHIYA1977 Volume 10 Issue 3 Pages 387-403
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (20223K)
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