日本建築学会環境系論文集
Online ISSN : 1881-817X
Print ISSN : 1348-0685
ISSN-L : 1348-0685
76 巻, 667 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1~13を表示しています
  • ガラスの構成条件や加熱条件の違いが及ぼす影響
    池畠 由華, 道越 真太郎, 中村 正寿, 小林 裕, 西村 光太, 桑名 秀明, 宮本 圭一
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 751-760
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    The tests of the glass exposed to radiant heat and the localized fires were conducted to clarify the behavior of the float plate glass in the early of fire phase. The main results are as follows.
    1. The mean temperature difference between the part exposed to fires and the part shaded by window frame is affected by the size of the glass and the speed of heating.
    2. The float plate glass put the safety film has the performance holding the broken piece during the phase when the early cracks occur. The pieces of glass fall out when the temperature of the glass surface on the film side reaches the critical value.
    By using these results, the case study for the float plate glass with the safety film faced the atrium was carried out.
  • 石川 孝重, 国松 直
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 761-766
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this study, we performed an experiment involving the measurement of the subjective perception of horizontal traffic vibration in detached houses. The objective was to investigate the influence of the predominant frequency and waveform pattern on the perception of random vibration over a wide range of frequencies.
    Results show that the predominant frequency greatly influences the perception of random vibration. Evaluation curve of perception of random vibration calculated by using predominant frequency and maximum acceleration is parallel to that of sinusoidal vibration. For 40% of the subjects, the random vibration was harder to perceive than the sinusoidal vibration. Based on the result, the authors present the conclusions derived from the evaluation of perception of random vibration.
  • 張 偉栄, 加藤 信介, 樋山 恭助, 石田 義洋
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 767-774
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    The contribution ratio of indoor climate (CRI) based on CFD was developed to estimate the individual contribution of heat factors to any location inside a room. With the index of CRI, a more precise building energy simulation or real-time systematic control can be expected, within the defined accuracy by means of CFD but with a much reduced calculation load. However most of the studies related to CRI involve forced convection airflow fields. Thus the purpose of this study is to use the CRI to analyze the characteristics of heat transfer in natural convection air flow fields. In this study, A CFD simulation coupled with convection and radiation has been performed in an atrium without air conditioning or ventilation. Based on the fixed air flow field, the CRI of all heat sources are calculated by the new definition of CRI. As an application of CRI, an approximation method is proposed in this study to discuss the sensitivity of each heat source and the heat transfer by convection and radiation respectively. The accuracy of predicting air temperature by CRI is examined by comparing with CFD analysis.
  • ―光触媒外付け縦型ブラインドの部位実験および実証実験棟による検証―
    武田 仁, 鈴木 宏和
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 775-783
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    The authors installed vertical blinds outside glass windows and sprinkled mist over the space between the glass and the blinds, presuming that mist sprinkling would reduce the temperature of the space and that dampened blinds and glass would produce evaporative cooling of their surface. We also assumed that the installation of exterior blinds would boost the effectiveness of solar radiation shading and evaporative cooling. The blinds can be operated manually not to spoil the view. Tests were conducted both at a mock-up with windows facing south about two square meters and at an experimental building about 165 square meters. The test results show that energy can be saved by about 52 percent.
  • 近藤 靖史, 趙 凡, 太田 恭兵, 長澤 康弘
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 785-792
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    The previous studies show that the prescribed velocity method (hereafter, P. V. method) is effective to simulate complicated airflow from an air diffuser in CFD. However P.V. method is not applied to system ceiling air diffusers which are popular in office buildings. In this paper, the unstructured fine mesh CFD is conducted to obtain the airflow data of four types of system ceiling diffuser. Then the airflow data is applied in the structured coarse mesh CFD and the short circuit rate and the normalized concentration of occupied zone are examined as ventilation effectiveness. The relationship between shape of diffuser and ventilation effectiveness is discussed on the basis of CFD results.
  • 空調用気化式加湿器のマイクロ波殺菌に関する研究(その1)
    姜 允敬, 加藤 信介, 成 旻起, 金 鐘訓, 柳 宇, 阿部 恵子, 原田 光朗, 柳原 隆司
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 793-798
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    For possible applications in the humidifier-elements of air-conditioning systems, we investigated the germicidal effect of microwave irradiation on fungal spores, e.g. Cladosporium herbarum and Fusarium solani as well as bacteria, e.g. Bacillus subtilis. For the irradiation of our samples we used a general-purpose microwave oven as well as a specially assembled microwave source that could emit microwave radiation at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. In our first experiment, we determined the optimum condition of the two parameters of radiation output power and exposure time to achieve the desired germicidal effects. Microbes on both dry and wet filters were used as samples. The second part of the study was aimed to determine whether the germicidal effect originates directly from microwave irradiation or rather from the radiation-induced heat. Our results indicate that the degradation of microbes is affected by the type of strain, microwave output power, exposure time and sample moisture (and thus induced temperature increase). And it was identified that germicidal effect by microwave is mainly due to the thermal effect.
  • 北陸地域における冷蔵庫の消費電力推定による検証
    河野 佑輔, 古賀 ひろ子, 佐藤 春樹
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 799-807
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    Refrigerator is an electrical appliance of heat pump technology, so the electricity consumption is affected greatly by ambient environment. In this study, by making a survey of electric consumption of existing refrigerators in residential houses, we constructed an estimating method for the electric consumption at the actual ambient environment. The reliability of the method is confirmed by comparing the estimation value with actual data in 20 months for 12 refrigerators in Hokuriku area, Japan. Moreover, we discussed the difference between the actual data and the catalog value of the refrigerators.
  • 吉田 友紀子
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 809-815
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    We consider the dependence of the urban functions related to tertiary industry, and we determine a way to control area management efficiently. We devise a strategy for building low-carbon cities that focuses on how to improve area management using forecast weather data and natural ventilation. Our research reveals the potential to save energy, which we can calculate in the form of basic data for the different building block types employed in different parts of Asia for the future.
  • 超高層建物における地震防災対策の優先順位の検討
    大橋 一正, 西川 豊宏, 遠藤 透, 藤村 竜馬
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 817-822
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    Seismic countermeasures enabling the maintenance of high-rise plumbing system functions following an earthquake were elucidated from the perspective of business continuity planning (BCP) formulation, using the Kogakuin University high-rise building in Shinjuku as a model. Recovery curves were then used to determine the location of the post-seismic operations center and the effects of seismic countermeasures on existing plumbing systems.
    1) Seismic countermeasure priorities can be effectively assessed by bottleneck index (B.I.) comparisons (see Note 1), with consideration given to seismic resistance, reparability and the relative importance of individual plumbing equipment and system components. Using recovery curves, it is possible to show the plumbing system recovery process.
    2) Lower-level floor systems can be used most effectively as post-seismic operations centers, as the B.I. values of the low-floor equipment and plumbing that comprise the system functions are lower than those of the mid- and high-level floor systems.
    3) The number of expected days, from earthquake to recovery, of lower-level floor functionality can be shortened to 2 days by implementing seismic countermeasures for break tanks, which exhibit the highest B.I values, as shown by recovery curves exhibiting the effects of countermeasure implementation.
  • 足永 靖信, 武田 仁, 藤本 哲夫, 伊藤 大輔
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 823-830
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    An outdoor experiment in summer was carried out, and the change in surface temperature and the amount of evaporation by watering were examined for seven samples of water retentive materials. The results clarified that watering in daytime reduced the temperature by 20-30°C, and the daily evaporation of 1mm decreased the daily average surface temperature by 1°C. Next, simultaneous heat and mass transfer calculations were performed under the meteorological conditions of outdoor experiments, and the calculated surface temperatures were found to agree closely with the observed data.
  • 走行する自動車群の流体力学的効果を再現するためのCFD モデルの開発(その1)
    田畑 侑一, 持田 灯, 今野 尚子, 菊池 文, 丸山 敬, 萩島 理, 谷本 潤
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 831-837
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    The aim of this study is to develop a simulation method for predicting the wind environment and turbulent diffusion process, which are affected by moving automobiles within the real situation of urban street canyon. In this study, a simulation method to reproduce the aerodynamic effects generated from the moving automobiles based on the methodology of canopy models, namely ‘Vehicle Canopy Model’, was developed. Furthermore, a series of wind tunnel measurements of flow over car-shaped roughness elements and the drag forces caused by the roughness with different configurations and densities were carried out. By comparing the results of CFD predictions of the developed ‘Vehicle Canopy Model’ with experimental data, the accuracy of the developed model was examined.
  • 磐田 朋子, 桑沢 保夫, 村上 周三, 伊香賀 俊治
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 839-846
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effect of CO2 reduction in Japanese residential sector on various future scenarios for low-carbon society was estimated by the developed forecasting model considering the difference of energy consumption structure in different family types, different geographical area and different house types. Based on the results of forecasting model simulation by 2050, needed policies to achieve the Japanese CO2 reduction goal (25% reduction at 2020 and 80% reduction at 2050 comparing to CO2 emission at 1990) was discussed in this study. Results of forecasting simulation showed following 2 aspects.
    1. Spread of low carbon technologies (LCT) into residential sector was indispensable to achieve the CO2 reduction goal in 2050, however, the spread speed of LCT couldn't catch up with the expected speed of CO2 reduction to reach the goal in 2020. As an additional measure, reduction of CO2 emission factor for electricity was indispensable.
    2. Spread of LCT into existing houses was indispensable to achieve CO2 reduction goal both in 2020 and 2050, because the CO2 reduction was not enough to achieve those goals even if the introduction of LCT was obligated to all of new buildings.
  • 近藤 加代子, 藤村 純平
    2011 年 76 巻 667 号 p. 847-853
    発行日: 2011/09/30
    公開日: 2012/01/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    The aim of this paper is to provide recommendations for the environmental policy regarding to the residential photovoltaic power systems in Japan. This study investigates how consumer's preferences take precedence in the dissemination of residential photovoltaic power generation. We use a conjoint analysis which has five measurements; feed-in tariffs in terms of an explicit monetary reward, capital subsidies, a product assurance program, costs of installation, and a CO2 payback period. Following results clarify. 1) The capital subsidies for the residential photovoltaic power systems are supported by all consumer groups compared with other factors, and strongly by the older people (over 60 age). 2) The policy for feed-in tariff is supported by the respondent group which strongly concerns economic interest and by the younger people (under 60 age). 3) Therefore it is preferable to continue the current subsidy system because it could be a strong incentive to promote the implementation of a photovoltaic system. Different combinational policies of the capital subsidies and the feed-in tariff applied to the different consumer groups could be effective to expand installation photovoltaic systems.
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