The purpose of this study is to identify the attributes of Semi-Outdoor space which is better to stay for a short time. In this paper, “AMA-YADORI” is focused as one of the actions in Semi-Outdoor space to get out of the rain. The psychological experiment was conducted based on the results of the questionnaire survey carried out to obtain the actual conditions of “AMA-YADORI”. In the experiment, the subjects were asked to evaluate 40 photographs of Semi-Outdoor spaces taken in Hiroshima City. The evaluation tendencies of the comprehensive and individual evaluation items and image evaluation items were shown and the relationships among these evaluations were examined. Furthermore, the physical attributes of Semi-Outdoor spaces preferred for “AMA-YADORI” were clarified based on the relationships between the psychological evaluation and the physical attributes.

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This research examined staying behaviors in streets at midnight in Shibuya area, and evaluated sitting sensation of the outdoor elements continuously from 16:00 till 5:00 on the next day. The investigated results are summarized as follows.- The number of sitting people in the streets increased most at 23:00, and the sitting people's ratio to the people on the streets was the highest around 3:00 a.m. It was observed that people converted various interspaces produced by reduction in traffic or closing of shops into the comfortable staying spaces.- The outdoor elements evaluated that people could sit and talk or eat increased continuously from 23:00 to 5:00, and the elements evaluated that they could do such behaviors comfortably increased most at 23:00.- The possibility of supporting midnight staying behaviors based on the investigation and the interview was examined. It was considered effective to change the diversity steps close to the streets to the seating elements.

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In this study, we performed an experiment for random vibration containing predominant frequency waves to the same degree. The objective was to investigate the influence of the characteristics of perceptual frequency of the random vibration based on the component of a complex vibration.Results show that the effects due to the difference of the waveform pattern on random vibration in the range of 30 % to 50 % of the subjects probability of perception have less impact but it's more than that at a 10 % and 90 % rate of probability of perception.

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There are many proposed variations of air distribution for Task and Ambient Air Conditioning system (TAC), however, most of them are pilot installations at office buildings. Authors have developed a practical Task and Ambient Air Conditioning system which could respond to layout change of office. The authors have conducted investigation on various performances of the developed TAC in a real building where the system has been set with pressurized type under floor air conditioning system extensively. When evaluating effects of the TAC, behavior of office workers that considered to affect the result, was monitored in detail. It was confirmed that correlation between moving distance and metabolic rates of office workers were quite high. When the office workers were allowed to freely control airflow of task unit, it was found that reduction of mental fatigue symptoms and the total vote rates of symptoms in comparison with the other cases. Vitality degree fall of the office workers was small for cases of ‘air diffuser of task unit was full open’ and ‘freely control of task airflow’. From these results, it was found that to allow office workers control volume and direction of task airflow was pretty much influenced on mental work load and maintain vitality of them under 28℃ room air temperature set point. In addition, in order to grasp the ventilation effectiveness of the TAC in the real office, ventilation effectiveness was measured by tracer gas. Compared to the other TAC systems tested before, the proposed TAC had equivalent performance. Also fresh air could be supplied to close proximity to breathing zone of occupants by adjusting the airflow direction of the TAC appropriately.

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Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) have low volatility and tend to adhere to dust particles. Recently, many scientific papers show that SVOCs may have a health risk, especially affect for children. Wensing showed that infants take dust 10 times more than adults. Considering the health damages and the intake of dust, the risk of infants exposing to SVOCs might be high. Therefore, it is necessary to assess SVOCs pollution situation of the residences and children welfare facilities which are the main life space for infants. Although many results of measurements for the SVOCs concentrations of dust at residences have been reported in Japan and overseas, few of them are at children welfare facilities. In this paper, we measured SVOCs concentrations of dust at four child welfare facilities, to assess the degree of SVOCs pollution in those places.As a result, in many cases the SVOCs concentrations of dust at children welfare facilities were high compared with that of residences. Also, higher SVOCs concentrations were observed in rooms with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) flooring materials compared with that in rooms with wood-based flooring material.

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Although an insulation performance of a house is improving with rise of an environmental awareness, thermal performance of window frames is still low. The poor performance occur problems such as heat bridge or condensation. Then we propose to apply a dynamic insulation system to window frames. In previous study, we have done some feasibility studies using computer simulations. The results show that the system can decrease the heat loss to almost zero. In this study, we checked its performance using its prototype installed into an experimental house. The experimental house is located in Sapporo, Hokkaido. Through a measurement in winter, we prove that the system works even in cold climate. With a usual ventilation amount for a person, the outdoor surface temperature of the window frame becomes almost same as outdoor environmental temperature. It means the heat loss from window frame surface to outdoor is almost zero.

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In order to implement effective energy-saving measures in a building, it is important to classify the total energy consumption into end-uses such as lighting, equipment, ventilation, and air conditioner. Energy consumption pattern changes every month in university facilities under influences of long vacations and busy seasons of the term ends. In this paper, the estimation method which takes into account these events is proposed. In this method, the energy end-use breakdown is estimated by using a dynamic thermal load simulation model. Furthermore, with these results, various effects of energy-saving measures are quantitatively evaluated.

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The energy supply in Japan faces challenges after the Great East Japan Earthquake. The electricity consumption and the energy consumption for cooling before and after this earthquake in a high-rise university with BEMS is investigated. Compared with the energy consumption in 2010, about 22% of the electricity consumption and 20% of the energy consumption for cooling is cut down in 2011. According to the hourly data for lighting, electric outlets, cooling systems, the load patterns for different energy consumption are studied. The results show that the load patterns before and after the earthquake are quite similar. Furthermore, the difference of energy consumption for cooling in similar climate conditionings in these two summers is pointed out, which illustrates the effectiveness of energy saving methods adopted. Compared with the contracted electricity demand, 15% of the peak electricity demand is cut down in the summer of 2011.

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The authors investigate the energy consumption of 58 aged welfare facilities with habitation in the Chugoku and Shikoku regions. The facilities are classified into five groups based on the Act on Social Welfare for the Elderly. Each group shows the annual energy consumption from 1.1 to 2.1 GJ per floor area on the average. Moreover, the energy consumption of hot water supply for bath, the one for space cooling or heating and the rest which means the base energy are divided from the monthly energy consumptions on the whole buildings. The calculated energy for each application can be explained by the characteristics of the facilities and the system specifications by using a statistic theory which is called the Quantity Theory Cluster I.

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