in Japanese

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 The existing date, the field date and water analyses result and GIS used on this study. We considered to stream water quality on the snowfoll and meltingwater.

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 In this research, the possibility of preservation and utilization is considered about Yonako mine. People who lived in the Yonako mine experienced happy memories and painful memories. And they invented the identity of mine workers. To leave the memory of the mine now, they have done the proactive action. However, aged of them advancing, and doing a positive preservation activity became difficult. Whether future generations can establish the memory of the mine as an identity is a big problem in Suzaka City.

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The single-row plan, one of the two major types of floor plans in Korean folk houses has been regarded generally as the dominant type in the southern region of Korea. On the southern coast and islands, however, a few houses with a double-row plan have been reported. These houses might be exceptionally rare cases in those regions, but have some remarkably common features with other regions such as the northeastern region and the west coast islands both of which are distant from the southern coast.

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To support classes on social studies, especially in geography field, the authors developed a flash-based puzzle video game of a map of Japan and examined the effectiveness of the application. In this study 28 students of fourth grade elementary school tried to play them once a week for three weeks. Through the entire experiments, students acquired the skill to think identification of shapes, location and letters as spatial information through playing this map puzzle game. These results indicate that the game applications have effects on fostering elementary school students' spatial thinking and widening their views and also supporting geography education.

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 This research illustrates the mechanism that causes mismatch between demand and supply, and examines emergency supply chain of pharmaceuticals from perspectives of both security and efficiency. Each pharmaceutical wholesaler needs to ensure the security of pharmaceutical supply chain. However, concrete measures depend on the judgement of managers of each wholesaler. The reason is that there is trade-off between ensuring security and pursuit of efficiency. In addition, each wholesaler needs to restructure the existing routine pharmaceutical supply chain in accordance with reconsideration of the current medical system.

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Three geoparks (Unzen, Aso, Kirishima) in Kyushu are national parks with the volcanoes and gather
many tourists. However, the tourist cannot understand what is a geopark becausethese are existing the sightseeing spots. Therfore I discussed the need to he viewpoint of the geoecology for the explanation of the geosite and landscape of the geopark. I emphasized that the setting of a geo-route and geo-trail was important to clarify the characterisyic of the geopark. 

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Accurate map work is critically important to determine distances of hibakusha(atomic bomb survivors) from the hypocenter, which is needed to evaluate radiation doses. However, the distances of hibakusha from the hypocenter were accurate for a 100-m mesh unit up to now because of the restrictions of map and space analysis technology. This study aims to undertake a more accurate evaluation by using a geographic information system(GIS).

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 In the future, an ideal future vision of the suburban area considering the maturation of a civil society and proposals and countermeasures for its actualization will be presented.  In addition, the possibility of simultaneous development of urbanization of rural villages and suburbanization of urban areas in the area of the Yangtze River Delta will be theoretically verified and its landscape index and the social and economic index will be confirmed quantitatively.  As a last version of this research series, theory construction, the third space theory (the coupling region of an urban area and a rural village) will be developed.

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In the Ehime district,cold front excels in the precipitation in the Baiu season.

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In the present study, we investigated the possible mechanism for interannual variations of winter sunshine duration in Northern Vietnam for the period 1961-2000. Based on monthly sunshine duration data in Northern Vietnam, we defined poor sunshine year and much sunshine year. Then, we created composite map for sea level pressure (SLP) field for both much sunshine and poor sunshine years. In much sunshine year, anticyclonic anomaly area covers over southern China and northern Indochina peninsula, In poor sunshine year, on the other hand, we found out anticyclonic anomaly over southern China and cyclonic anomaly around south of Tibetan plateau

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The purpose of this study is to discuss the progress of industry-university-government collaboration and the role of local government and university in industrial agglomerations.

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Comparison of Measured map Drawned by Nobuyoshi ISHIKURO and Restored maps Based on Measurement Data

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The number of foreign students at higher education institutions in Japan exceeded 100,000 in 2009 and is still increasing.   Appreciating their importance as (1) the transmitters of travel information during and after their residence in Japan and (2) the tourists in sight-seeing places, Yaoxuan SHI et al. (2009) significantly analyses the trend of their sight-seeing activities based on questionnaires.   In the present paper, the difference in tourist preferences between Japanese and foreign students shall be quantitatively clarified by a conjoint analysis of my questionnaire results.

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Activities of Aso Geopark.

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In order to achieve susutainable development using Geoheritages existed in a Geopark, it is significant that local residents know the concept of geopark. I will introduce this presentation about role of local residents living in a geopark and the concrete event to make local company join to the business of geopark.

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This Report aims to clarify radioactive contamination in Takabe Area, Iwaki City, Fukushima Prefectur. This Area was contaminated with radiation by  the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. We measured radiation dose at the surface on the 1meter, all houses at the area.

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The authors produce the basic data of geographic characteristics of Tsunami flooded area in Miyagi Prefecture by the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. The basic data consist of the combination of land use data of digital national land information and landform classification of land condition maps. In the area where in 2 km from coastal line, almost area is flooded except forest area located in slope. In the area where in 4 to 7km from coastal line, the building area in non-flooded area are increasing.

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Food production and distribution system in Japan is becoming more diverse in these days, but the influence on consumer has not yet studied enough. This study examines how fresh vegetable price is varied among wholesale markets depending on the scale of distribution. The analysis is based on macro data of Chinese cabbage price in 73 wholesale markets allover Japan. The results derived from the analysis are: (1)overall regional market prices increase proportionally to distance from producing districts; (2) however variance of market price does not have significant difference between small scale and large scale distribution system; (3) deviation from average price tends to be larger in small markets.

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This study aims to understand the impacts of Tohoku earthquake to the distribution systems in Tohoku region. In particular, this study analysis on the potential of food supermarkets to supply some food and goods quickly for the peoples who are damaged by big earthquake and tsunami. 

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  The 2011 Northern Nagano Prefecture Earthquake (M6.7) occurred near the border of Nagano and Niigata prefecture on 12 March 2011. The earthquake has caused many slope failures and structural damage, but no person were killed in this event. As comprehensive damage distribution is biased, the authors analyzed the relationship between the damage and topography, geology and the expected position of the active fault with a combination of field survey and GIS analysis, based on the interferometric SAR image.

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Lesotho is a mountainous country which is landlocked by South Africa, an economic power of the region. A migrant labour to South African mines had been a major source of income from early 20^th century. Settlement in the mountains, which occupy the eastern half of the country, started from 1890s. Since then, migrant labour was an important livelihood for rural society of mountains. A livelihood form supported by remittance economies lasted until 1980s, when an apartheid policy was abolished in South Africa. The rural livelihood of Lesotho thus experiences a great change deriving from a political economic change of the neighbour.

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The Takada Plain, located in the southwest part of Niigata Prefecture, is in the Northern Fossa Magna known as a zone of intensively deformation, and landform development in this area can be considered that affected by fault activity. This study considered landform development with calculating sliprate from the displacement of the active fault and Chronology of Fluvial terrace along the eastern margin of the Takada Plain. Hill uplift and plain subsidence have been brought by reverse faulting activity in the Late Quaternary. As a result, current landform in this area have been developed.

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The purpose of this study is to organize the problems of local urban public transport in Japan. Currently, users of public transport in local urban has decreased. this is a nationwide situation. However, there is a successful example. It is Iyo Railway in Ehime Prefecture Matsuyama City. The study mainly investigated the actual situation of residents use.

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beetween sixteen century and seventeen century

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  Severe accidents with hydrogen explosion and meltdown occurred at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, triggered by the 2011 East Japan Earthquake. The accidents broadly distributed radioactive substances and contaminated the surface in Abukuma Mountains including several towns and villages located in small basins. The radioactive plume flowed by southeast wind into the valley of River Ukedo (Namie Town), and fallout and/or washout on the watershed. This plume went across the ridges with 520-570 m elevation, and flowed into the valleys of River Niida (Iitate Village) and River Hirose (Date City and Kawamata Town). The surface radiation level varied each watershed, which clearly indicates surface radioactive contamination was controlled by wind direction and landform.

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The recent development and the regional trend of the housing development in Beijing were considered.  Beijing is the capital of China, and an economic city representing China as well as Shanghai.  Therefore, it is important to consider the feature of the housing development of Beijing in order to understand the land use change affected by the economic growth, living condition of the citizens and political changes concerning urban area in China. 

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This study aims to evaluate the processes of urban redevelopment projects in the Tokyo wards. Especially, this study focuses on the purposes of the projects, land use change and right holders' attitude.

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The major shift was urged on the energy policy of having placed mainly nuclear power generation up to now with a East Japan great earthquake that had occurred on March 11, 2011. The public opinion also aims at the breaking with nuclear power generation, and the voice to request conversions such as the force of the wind and sunlight into the natural reproduction energy becomes a lot of. Public interest foundation Japan Nature Preservation Association reduced, abolished the nuclear plant from it not was, and not treatable of waste, etc. by proper conditions of location, converted from geographical features and geological features feature of Japan into the natural reproduction energy, and made the standpoint public , that it was necessary to aim at the construction of the energy conservation society. On the other hand, in fiscal year 2010, the result, the wind power generation development, and the geothermal electric power development were decided to execute the deregulation sort, and to be going to advance the clarification of the relaxation of control, restricted content, and the permission standard etc. in the future because the development was controlled by restricting Natural Parks Law and the forest method in the Cabinet Council in the government besides such a chain of flows. In the wind power generation development, the friction of nature like the bird strike and the low frequency problem, etc. and the social climates is actualized, and the problem is being pointed out by the protest campaign in various places etc.However, there are not a lot of findings about the influence etc. given to Wildlife Park though it has gone up to the topic up to now about the competition with the hot spring resource in neighborhood in the power generation development. It was assumed that the topic offer of the influence that the geothermal electric power development gave to a national park was tried from the forecast of advancement by development in the underground part of Wildlife Park in this announcement in the future. It aims to offer the topic of the problem etc. in consideration of the relation to an important, national park in the biodiversity maintenance after the length place of the geothermal power generation is clarified, and to deepen the discussion. 

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This study analyzes dynamics of international construction industry since the late 1970s using ENR(Engineering News Records)'s 'Top International Contractors' survey. Examining changes in its market volumes and compositions measured by the survey, we can divide recent thirty years history of this industry into five periods: first(~1982), second(1983~1987), third(1988~1992), fourth(1992~2001) and fifth one(2002~). 

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The aim of this study is to clarify the significance and the limitation of the child-support program in the suburbs of metropolitan area. After 1990s, the voluntary sector's role has become more significant in the context of diversification in childcare needs. In this study, the questionnaire survey to users and the interview survey to manager of child-support program were conducted in the suburb of Nagoya metropolitan area. The results is that housewives in suburbs  participate to manage these services, while there is still the problem of the lack of childcare services there.

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Potential of landuse data in Fukuoka history is discussed on the two cases of natural disaster in the Fukuoka Plain.

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We will show the experiences of students who have been engaged in long-term field survey of crop growth, cultivation practices and environments in the villages of Thailand and Laso, and suggest some secure ways of the survey.

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Many researches to building damage due to earthquake have been carried out in cases of recent big earthquake in Japan. Most of the researches were based on the pattern charts by Okada et al. (1999) and by Kohiyama et al. (2000). However, the housing damage class due to ground failure on reclaimed land on hills is not clearly classified by the pattern charts. The paper aims to propose the new damage pattern chart due to ground failure caused by earthquake, based on 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and other cases.

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The aim of this paper is to understand the Role of Saemaul Movement in the Formation of Minbak Settlement in Korea.

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Temporal Variation of Particle Size in Paitan Lake Sediments.

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The purpose of this research is to disclose the state of National Parks in Japan and the United States of America.

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Tanohama-Area in Yamada town Iwate Prefecture has been hit by Tsunami many times. The Showa Sanriku Tsunami, in 1933, lead the government to develop a higher land for Yamada inhabitants to move to more secured area. The following Tohoku Pacific Offshore Tsunami, in 2011, reached this the high land, but no house was swept away. Yet, more than thirty houses got completely destroyed by fires. Fire probability, after Tsunami, is high and registered during Meiji in 1896, Showa in 1933 and Hokkaido-Nansei-oki Tsunami in 1993.  Inhabitants live on coasts and the Civil services concerned should make efforts to prevent fires.

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When Japanese government promoted “the great municipality merger in the Heisei era”, they expected that all municipalities which composed a joint administration should be merged into a single municipality. However, such cases were unexpectedly rare. Many merged municipalities are smaller than areas under the joint administrations. In those cases, the joint administrations inevitably undergo restructuring because of the mergers. What problem does such restructuring cause? This study discusses this problem by focusing on a case of Chichibu area in Saitama prefecture.

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Since the 1990's, back-to-the-city movement has progressed and a large number of condominiums has been developed in downtown Tokyo. The aim of this study was to analyze the condominium development and demographic change in Nihonbashi district of Chuo ward, where remarkable conversion from office functions occurred owing to the population growth since the late 1990's, to capture the process of recent transformation of the Central Business District synthetically. Results of the analysis revealed that these changes vary with the location within Nihonbashi district according to the previous conditions of land use and type of business functions.

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in history books on modern cartography ob japan, the name "jorudan"is seen as the first instructor of french modern cartography. but the details on him and his works were unknown in japan. i had a chance of investigating on him at the archive service historique de l'armee de terre and found his name jourdan and the maps drawn by him and his colleagues. the map "boungo channel"is mainly explained with other maps.

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In the Chartered Community of Navarre, change of official denomination of municipalities is progress. The majority of these changes is incorporation of Basque language elements into official denomination.  Many actors participate in this process, such as Navarre government, municipal offices, assembly members, courthouse, judicial circles, local residents, and so on. Their orientation for denomination change is not unidirectional, therefore a variety of intention is crossing in the linguistic landscape of Navarre.  The linguistic landscape of toponymic change in Navarre is an outcome of political practice of all participants.

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Large eddy simulation (LES) is a numerical modeling approach that explicitly calculates the large eddy field and parameterizes the small eddies. In the meteorological field, this approach has been used to examine detailed turbulence structure, to perform physical process studies, and to develop a parameterization scheme for an ensemble mean turbulent model. Until today, most LES applications for meteorological studies have been limited to idealized physical conditions (e.g. horizontally uniform surfaces). In this study, we developed LES model coupled with cloud microphysics scheme and conducted the idealized simulations of boundary layer cloud and fog.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify characteristics of  labor demand on the welfare service for the elderly and the woman's employment in urban area in Japan. The study area is Nagoya city in Aichi prefecture. Since 1990s a number of welfare service for the elderly have been located in this area. The author discusses the following points: 1) the labor demand in the welfare service for the elderly, 2) characteristics of the woman's employment in the welfare service for the elderly, 3) the Coexistence of female housekeeping and work.

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After the Washington Naval Treaty, Maizuru Naval District (Chinjufu) was downgraded to echelon naval ports (Yokobu). Naka-maizuru and Shin-maizuru, both developed as naval port cities after the construction of Maizuru Chinjufu in 1901, suffered severe effects from these disarmaments. Examining population changes in both regions, it was found that Naka-maizuru, largely dependent on navy, experienced large population decrease, but Shin-maizuru, developed as a commercial center of the newly-developed urban area and relatively independent of navy, showed a slight population decline.

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We investigate active faulting in Jordan valley‚ central Dead Sea Transform. The Jordan Valley Fault (JVF) known as a major active fault in this area‚is pure left-lateral slip fault about 200km long. Our tectonic geomorphological investigation on this fault‚revealed clearly that the slip rate of JVF for the last 25ka is over 6m/1000yrs. And four faulting events of JVF are identified by trench excavation survey at Shaikh Husain‚south of Tall Al-Arabaeen. In this area‚the latest event occurred after 1650yBP‚ and older three events had occurred between 1680yBP and 2710yBP‚between 3390yBP and 5130yBP‚ and before 7230yBP.

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