All issues
Volume 109 (1997)
- Issue 6 Pages 247-
- Issue 5 Pages 213-
- Issue 4 Pages 165-
- Issue 3 Pages 101-
- Issue 2 Pages 61-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 109, Issue 2
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Fumiaki HATA, Tadayoshi TAKEUCHI1997 Volume 109 Issue 2 Pages 61-73
Published: 1997
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecent findings suggest that nonadrenergic inhibitory responses of the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract is mediated by nitric oxide and some intestinal peptides including VIP, PACAP and CGRP. Although nitric oxide was suggested to mediate the nonadrenergic relaxation in various regions of gastrointestinal tracts of many species, further careful studies revealed that nitric oxide participates in the relaxation in restricted regions, not throughout the tract. It was also found that the peptides work in extremely restricted regions of the tract. Importance of the role of nitric oxide in the relaxation varies with different regions, strains and species. Moreover, it significantly decreases with the age of the rat, especially between 4-8 weeks of age. Inhibitors of Ca2+-activated K+ channels inhibited the relaxation in almost all regions examined in rats, although the magnitude of the inihibition varied from region to region. The intracellular action mechanism(s) of nitric oxide was discussed in relation to changes in cyclic GMP level, intracellular Ca2+ level and membrane potentials of the smooth muscle cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (10278K) -
Takashi KAMEDA, Hiroshi MANO, Masayoshi KUMEGAWA1997 Volume 109 Issue 2 Pages 75-84
Published: 1997
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the process of bone remodeling or modeling, the balance between bone formation and bone resorption maintains normality of function and structures of bone. Major bone-resorbing cells, osteoclasts, are terminally differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells and multinucleate cells. However, direct effects of osteotropic factors on osteoclast function have been unclear. Attempts to obtain isolated mammalian osteoclasts of high purity have been unsuccessful so far. Initially we succeeded in isolating osteoclasts of high purity using tissue culture dishes because of their high affinity for the tissue culture dishes, but the shortcoming of this method is that it was impossible to detach osteoclasts from the dishes. Therefore, we could not estimate bone-resorbing activity of mature osteoclasts on mineralizing substratum without any influence of bone-cells other than osteoclasts. Recently we developed a method to avoid the defect in the above-described method by the use of collagen gel. Our new method may shed new light on our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of osteoclasts.View full abstractDownload PDF (9432K) -
Isami KIMURA, Shinobu NAGAHAMA, Maki KAWASAKI, Mikiko KATAOKA, Makoto ...1997 Volume 109 Issue 2 Pages 85-94
Published: 1997
Released on J-STAGE: January 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of 7 or 14-day treatment with BX661 A or salazosulfapyridine (SASP) in the DSS-induced UC model in rats. BX661A (10-300 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently decreased the erosion area and the shortening of the large intestine. On the other hand, SASP (30 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently decreased the erosion area in the treatment for 14 days (on the contrary, % inhibition of erosion area was reduced by the dose of 300 mg/kg), but did not improve the shortening of the large intestine. Secondly, we investigated the therapeutic effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), 4-aminobenzoyl-β-alanine (4-ABA) and sulfapyridine (SP) by intrarectal administration on the DSS-induced UC model in rats. 5-ASA significantly decreased the erosion area in the large intestine and improved the length of the large intestine of rats that was shortened by ingesting DSS. On the other hand, 4-ABA and SP improved neither the shortening nor the erosion area of the large intestine. These results suggest that BX661A may be clinically effective and useful in the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, it was suggested that 5-ASA may be the active moiety for the therapeutic effects of BX661A and SASP.View full abstractDownload PDF (8805K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|