The example set by the evaluation committee for Iwate Prefecture’s forest renewal tax project, clarified the role fulfilled and issues raised by implementing forest environment. The committee evaluated all policies with an emphasis on the execution of improvement projects, and it performed an intensive investigation into policies scheduled to go into effect from 2016. At the committee’s meeting, new policy proposals, etc., were debated, and a variety of information was obtained through surveys of the tax enforcement area, interviews with prefecture residents, etc. The committee worked hard to improve policies through exhaustive deliberations, by being deeply involved in deciding the execution of improvement and promotion projects, as well as by revising existing policies and improving evaluation methods. In the planning process for the third period prefectural policy plan, a clear direction was given for making the prefecture’s policies, and so the committee played a vital role in the development of these policies. The committee’s intentions were reflected in its implementation of the forest environment tax system, and its efforts in getting understanding and approval from prefecture residents was evident. The issues of increasing the level of recognition about forest environment tax and of maintaining the committee’s functionality, were designated as future topics.

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The 2012Forest Management Plan Policy was to facilitate efficient and sustainable forest management and timber supply via areal unity. However, owing to obstacles to forest management planning from development requirements, progress in planning was slow. Accordingly, the policy was updated in 2014: a new zonal approach was taken that accommodated development requirements. The aim of this new zonal approach to planning is to relax requirements to expedite land-use planning and establish a basis for consolidation. This paper identified the impact of the new policy on the formulation of management planning via case studies of three motivated logging enterprises’participation potential and the significance of their entry. Participation requirements for logging enterprises in the new plan include（1）high administrative capabilities through employment of persons experienced in planning,（2）good local reputation and trustworthiness as a material producer, and（3）ability to work harmoniously with forest owners’associations on forest ownership. We also found that the significance of logging enterprises’participation varied with region, particularly regarding their role of filling vacant lots that forest owners’associations could not plan for.

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In this study, we examined the forest management programs of Bogor Agricultural University Forest and its contribution to local communities. The university forest is mainly managed for an educational and research purposes and intended to serve environmental functions without producing timber. Although the university forest doesn’t get any financial support, other income sources satisfy their budget. In 2013, income from resin production and eco-tourism accounted for 67% and 25% respectively of the total income of Rp2.55 billion. Since 2001, the university forest has hired unemployed local people and landless farmers as resin collectors in the aim of reducing illegal logging and cultivation in the forest. In 2013, 40tappers received the wage of Rp9.7 million on average. Our results show that, the resin production not only becomes an important income source for the university forest but also plays an important role in income generation for the poor in rural area. The management program featuring resin production offers an innovative venue to achieve both the use and conservation of forest resources by providing income-generating opportunities to the locals without cutting trees.

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[in Japanese]

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