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Volume 23, Issue 1
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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TAKAO NAGANO, SATOSHI HATTORI, TAKESHI NAGAI, YOSHIYUKI UKISHIMA, CHUI ...1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo find the mechanism for the uptake of cadmium by chlorella, cadmium distribution in chlorella cells and a chage of trace elements in chlorella were examined after addition of cadmium chloride to the medium. Precultured Chlorella ellipsoidea (C-27) was inoculated in Meyers-4N medium and bubbled with 5% CO2 gas at 25°under illumination of 4 klx intensity. Chlorella ellipsoidea (C-27) showed an exponential growth 2 days later and reached a stational phase after 5 or 6 days. Addition of cadmium chloride (0.1 mg Cd/liter), to the medium stimulated chlorella growth and that of 1 mg/liter also stimulated the growth to the same extent as the control. With increase of cadmium concentration in the medium up to 2.5 mg/liter, a considerable inhibition of growth was observed. No change of trace elements in chlorella cells was observed when cadmium chloride was added to the medium. Over 50% of cadmium incorporated into chlorella cells was present in 105000×g supernatant, and the remaining 10-15% each in cell debris and nuclei, mitchondoria, and microsomes. Cadmium, taken up into chlorella cells, was not removed by washing out several times with 5% Na-EDTA solution but it was washed out thoroughly by 5% Na-EDTA solution if chlorella was freezedried once.View full abstractDownload PDF (661K) -
MASAAKI KANIWA, JUNKO MOHRI, SHIGEO KOJIMA, AKITADA NAKAMURA, TAKUMA O ...1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 7-12
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn improved method was developed for the determination of dieldrin in various kinds of wool fabrics. Dieldrin was extracted under reflux with acetone-methanol (1 : 1), purified by Florisil column chromatography, and determined by gas chromatography with 63Ni-ECD. From wool fabrics processed in the laboratory with a moth-proofing preparation, Dielmoth XC-E 3·H/C, dieldrin was recovered in 91-94% yield by this method. Dieldrin content in 72 wool products analysed were as follows : 50-183μg/g in doeskin A and B, tuxedo cloth, muslin A, and blanket A ; 1.64-8.10μg/g in doeskin C and D, muslin B and C, babies'socks and men's socks ; 3.3-23.0μg/g in regenerated wool A-H ; 0.02-0.32μg/g in washed wool, wool tops, worsted yarn, and 49 other products. These data show that, though in a few cases, dieldrin is still being used as a moth-proofing agent for wool fabrics.View full abstractDownload PDF (657K) -
TOKIO OHKAWA, HARUMI UENOYAMA, KHOJI TANIDA, TSUNEO OHMAE1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 13-22
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA dry method of microquantity mercury analysis with thermal decomposition of general specimens was examined. Thermal decomposition of specimens is carried out in an alumina porcelain boat in a combustion tube. A catalyst is used to obtain complete decomposition of materials. To avoid interfering materials produced through decomposition of specimens, two improvements were made ; (i) the use of additive materials such as CaO and activated Al2O3 which suppress the diffusion of interfering materials from their generating origin in the burning specimen, and (ii) cleaning of dirty gas through a water layer and consequent dehydration. By the use of these two methods, the dry thermal decomposition technique becomes applicable to analyse a trace of mercury in general specimens. As a result of this investigation, analysis of a total mercury in a microquantity became an easy operation for specimens such as sea water, waste water, urine, coal tar, and others which were difficult to analyse by the existiny method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1022K) -
MASAKI SATO, NACHIKO IGUCHI, TOMOKA KOTANI, TOSHIRO MURATA1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 23-26
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of sodium copper chlorophyllin (SCC) on the peroxidation of lipids in rat liver homogenates and of the free unsaturated fatty acids were studied. SCC showed an inhibitory effect on the lipid peroxidation in liver homogenates which was induced by Fe2+, Tween 80, or UV-irradiation. Peroxidation of a mixture of linolenic and linoleic acids was estimated by the oxygen consumption, thiobarbituric acid value, and peroxide value, and SCC was found to depress the production of peroxides from the free unsaturated fatty acids. SCC was found to be as effective as α-tocopherol in reducing 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl which was used as a model compound for the free radical formed in the peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acid. From these findings, it was assumed that the antioxidative effect of SCC might be due to its reaction with the free radicals formed along with lipid peroxidation.View full abstractDownload PDF (527K) -
NORIKAZU KOJA, KENSHU MOCHIDA, MINORU YOSHIDA1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 27-31
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pyrogenic activity of concanavalin-A (Con.-A) and its effect on rabbit erythrocytes were studied in comparison with those of ricin. The minimum pyrogenic dose of Con.-A to the rabbit was 0.5 mg/kg, while administration of 1 mg/kg caused 2°±0.3°increase in the average body temperature. By repeated injection of Con.-A the rabbit produced an antibody to bring about pyrogenic tolerance. The cross tolerance reaction, however, was not observed among these tolerant rabbits which were repeatedly injected with Con.-A, ricin, or bacterial pyrogen. Physiological activity of Con.-A closely resembled that of ricin in point of having a lag time, duration of fever, and nonproducibility of endogenous pyrogen in feverous rabbit serum. In vitro, Con.-A and ricin (500μg/ml each) manifested 35 and 48% inhidition, individually, to the rabbit erythrocytes acetylcholinesterase, whereas no such effect was seen in the rabbit serum acetylcholinesterase. From the results of preincubation test and bloking by sugar, these inhibitory effects were distinctly attributed to blood agglutination.View full abstractDownload PDF (700K) -
SHIGEO UKAI, KAZUO HIROSE, SHOZI KAWASE1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 32-38
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDiquat (I) and paraquat (II) were analyzed by gas chromatography of their perhydrogenated products (III and IV) obtained by their treatment with NaBH4 and NiCl2. The system of NaBH4-NiCl2 was the most effective to obtain III and IV in the reduction of I and II with NaBH4-transition metal salt. The reduction products were resolved by a gas chromatograph equipped with a hydrogen flame ionization detector and a 2m×3mm i.d. glass column packed with 5% KOH plus 5% PEG 20 M on Gas-chrom Z at 175°, with N2 flow rate of 30 ml/min. This procedure is well suited for the assay of 10-90 μg/ml concentration of I and II (internal standard : p-anisidine) and is very useful for routine work because the reduction takes only a short time, without a troublesome apparatus by the use of NaBH4 and NiCl2 which are relatively safe to handle. The reduction products of I and II were identified as a mixture of trans-and cis-perhydrodipyrido [1, 2-a : 2', 1'-c] pyrazine (III) and 1, 1'-dimethyl-4, 4'-bipiperidine (IV) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and elemental analysis, as in the case of catalytic reduction using Pt2O.View full abstractDownload PDF (822K) -
YOUKI OSE, HIROSHI INOUE, TAKAHIKO SATO, TETSUYA ISHIKAWA, AKIO KANNO, ...1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 39-42
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) method, used for the measurment of residual chlorine, KMnO4 solution is used as the colorimetric standard solution but is unsuitable in field measurement because of its unstability. The modified method described here indicates that Phenol Red solution can be used as a colorimetric standard solution because it is stable and its color tone is similar to tho colored solution of DPD. DPD reagent is a mixture of a buffer reagent and DPD in tablet or powder form, and becomes colored during storage, but it was found that a powder made separately is not colored even in long storage. Standard method of the American Public Health Association, etc. describes DPD method in detail, and directs the addition of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to the reagent because it prevents coloring. In this procedure, the reagent is added to the sample water, and the reverse addition creates an error. This wrong order of addition often occurs in field measurement. The present method can prevent the error as a result of the use of cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CyDTA) instead of EDTA.View full abstractDownload PDF (515K) -
SHOJI KOJIMA, MORIO KIYOZUMI, SACHIE MATSUMOTO, MITO YAMAMOTO, CHIZUKO ...1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 43-47
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of various chelating agents on the gastrointestinal absorption, distribution, and excretion of cadmium was studied in rats. 1) During a single oral administration of cadmium chloride and chelating agents, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid enhanced the gastrointestinal absorption of cadmium and increased the urinary excretion of the metal. 2) In continuous oral dosings of cadmium chloride agents such as EDTA, citric acid, and L-ascorbic acid, the effect of these chelating agents on cadmium accumulation in rat organs was not so conspicuous. 3) After termination of the repeated oral dosings of cadmium chloride to rats for 30 days, the chelating agents such as EDTA, 2, 3-dimercapto-1-propanol (BAL), citric acid, and L-ascorbic acid were administered orally and continuously to the rats for 30 days. EDTA increased the urinary excretion and accumulation of cadmium in the kidneys. Other chelating agents had little effect on the tissue distribution and urinary excretion of cadmium.View full abstractDownload PDF (576K) -
KATSUHIKO TANAKA, KATSUHISA FUKAYA, NOBUICHI NISHIYAMA, YUTAKA WADA, S ...1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 48-53
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA procedure for determination of a micro-amount of vinyl chloride monomer in environment is described. In this method, a modified concentration tube containing fire brick C-22 and 5% PEG 400 on Chromosorb WAW was used. The tube was cooled with Dry Ice methanol and sample gases collected in a sampling bag from atmosphere or evaporated from water by aeration was passed through the tube. Vinyl chloride monomer and other organic gases were condensed on the fire brick C-22. Temperature of the tube was raised to room temperature and vinyl chloride monomer was introduced into a gas chromatograph, by which a greater part of other organic gases remained on the 5% PEG 400 on Chromosorb WAW. By this procedure, as little as 0.3 ppb of vinyl chloride monomer in 1 liter of atmospheric air, 0.01 ppb of vinyl chloride monomer in 100 ml of water can be determined without interference of co-existing organic substances.View full abstractDownload PDF (609K) -
MITSUO TOKUDA, KUNIO HIRAI1977 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 54-57
Published: February 28, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe correlation between the values of nitrogen dioxide obtained by the alkaline filter paper method and the auto analyser was studied, and it was found that there was a good correlation between two methods. The equations of regression curves were as follows ; In field test : Y=0.3851X+0.0134 In chamber test : Y'=1.2561X'-0.6174 1.00 mg NO2/day/100cm2 (X) obtained by the alkaline filter paper method is equal to nearly 0.40 ppm of nitrogen dioxide concentration (Y) obtained by the auto analyser in the field test.View full abstractDownload PDF (487K)
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