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Volume 34 (1988)
- Issue 6 Pages 481-
- Issue 5 Pages 381-
- Issue 4 Pages 295-
- Issue 3 Pages 197-
- Issue 2 Pages 75-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 34, Issue 4
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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YOSHIHIRO ISODA, JIRO HIRANO1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 295-302
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is supposed that the rising incidence of cancers of the breast and colon in postwar Japanese people may be relevant to the rapid westernization of their diet style. Some of both epidemiological and animal experimental studies have been reported on the relation of the increase in intake of fat among other diet components to the incidence of these cancers. Recent studies have proved that effects on these cancers are greatly different by the type of fatty acids contained in the fatty diet rather than the quantity of the fat intake itself. Some proofs have been furnished that n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids promote these cancers while n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit them. This paper describes the promoting and inhibiting effects of dietaly fat on cancers of the breast and colon, and their mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (910K) -
YOSHIO AKIMOTO, SHINICHI NITO, GORO URAKUBO1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 303-312
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAfter single oral administration of 14C-α-bromocinnamaldehyde (14C-α-BCA) to rats, a peak of radioactivity in blood was observed at 3 h and a high level was observed until 12 h. Among the organs and tissues, high radioactivity was found in liver and kidney until 96 h after dosing. About 27 and 70% of dosed radioactivity were excreted in feces and urine within 48 h, respectively. As urinary metabolites, hippuric acid, α-bromocinnamoylglycine, α-bromocinnamic acid and α-bromocinnamyl alcohol were identified. Daily oral dosing for 7 d did not reveal any accumulation in any particular organ, compared with the result after single dosing. When radioactive bile from rats administered 14C-α-BCA was injected into the duodenum of another rat, about 33% and 42% of the radioactivity were excreted within 48 h in bile and urine, respectively, via enterohepatic circulation.View full abstractDownload PDF (894K) -
TAKAYUKI NAKAHAMA, SHOJI TAKAHASHI, GORO URAKUBO, KUNISUKE NAGAMATSU1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 313-318
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe incorporation of 14CCl4 into hepatic protein and its metabolites in the urine were investigated after the oral administration of 14CCl4 to rat and the following results were obtaind. 1) After the oral administration of 14CCl4, 2.7% and 3.6% of dosed 14C-radioactivity was excreted in the urine of 24 and 120 h, respectively. 2) 21.9% and 1.9% of the whole urinary radioactivity were in the form of urea and hippuric acid, respectively. In the radioactive hippuric acid, the benzoic acid moiety was labeled with 14C. 3) Among the liver cell fractions obtained 6 h after the oral administration, the ratio of specific radioactivities per weight of protein in nucleus, mitochondria, microsome and cytosol was about 1 : 1 : 3.5 : 2. As the result of dialysis of cytosol, 51.1% of the whole radioactivity was found to be bound to protein. 4) In the reaction mixture of in vitro metabolic experiment by using liver homogenate, radioactive benzoic acid was identified by the isotope dilution method and a peak corresponding to hippuric acid was observed on its TLC. 5) From the results mentioned above, it is assumed that radioactive benzoic acid, a precursor of hippuric acid found in the rat urine, might be originated from binding of 14C-labeled active metabolite of CCl4 to protein and secondly from liberating in phenyl-carboxyl form by the degradation of protein.View full abstractDownload PDF (735K) -
YUTAKA KIDO, HIROFUMI KODAMA, FUMINORI URAKI, MASARU UYEDA, MICHIO TSU ...1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 319-324
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of materials contained in waste on the determined value of chlorhexidine was examined, and a pretreatment procedure, leading to an improved method for the determination of chlorhexidine in waste waters, was developed. It was proved that materials contained in hospital or domestic waste waters do affect the determined value of chlorhexidine. Pretreatment with acid and Celite eliminated this interference, and the recovery of chlorhexidine was satisfactory. The determined value of chlorhexidine in waste waters after pretreatment was about 5-10 times that before pretreatment, and is assumed to be closer to the true concentration of chlorhexidine in waste waters. Pretreatment of waste waters is necessary before the determination of chlorhexidine.View full abstractDownload PDF (574K) -
MASAAKI KANIWA, YOSHIAKI IKARASHI, SHIGEO KOJIMA, AKITADA NAKAMURA, TO ...1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 325-334
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntioxidants and accelerators in 24 brands of commercially available surgical rubber gloves were analyzed by the procedures proposed in the previous papers [Eisei Kagaku, 30, 126 (1984) ; ibid, 32, 197 (1986)]. Phenolic antioxidants and dithiocarbamate-type accelerators (DTCs) were present in almost all surgical rubber gloves. Two kinds of diphenylamine-type antioxidants were found in a brand. In addition, aniline was found in 4 brands, but its source is still unknown. Six brands of surgical gloves used in a hospital were patch tested to 78 volunteers, doctors and nurses working in the hospital. Then, multi-regression analysis was performed to estimate the degree of distribution of DTCs or amines to positive reaction incidence to the gloves. As the results, we could conclude that dimethylamine derivatives such as zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate and dimethylamine were the most important causative chemicals in contact dermatitis from surgical rubber gloves.View full abstractDownload PDF (888K) -
HIDEO SUGIYAMA, HIROYUKI TAKAGI, KANEHIRO KOYAMA, KIYOSHI IWASHIMA1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 335-342
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concentration and distribution of uranium in the atmosphere surrounding a nuclear fuel processing factory were examined. Uranium, scandium, and thorium in the atmospheric particulates were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The concentration of uranium in the atmosphere surrounding the factory was as low as that in other environments. Significant correlations (p<0.01) between the concentration of uranium and the concentrations of scandium and thorium (derived from ground soil particles) were observed. Approximately 70% of uranium in the atmosphere was found in the coarse particles (>2μm in diameter) using an Andersen high-volume sampler. Daily retention of uranium in the respiratory organs was estimated to range from 1.1 to 1.5 ng per person. The calibration curve for uranium by INAA was linear between 0 and 500 ng. The limit of determination of uranium in the atmospheric particulates by this technique was 1.0 mgkg-1. It was concluded that the cellulose filter was suitable for determination of uranium in atmospheric particulates by INAA because of its low blank value.View full abstractDownload PDF (785K) -
TADAYOSHI SHIGEOKA, TAMITSUGU YAMAGATA, TAEKO MINODA, FUMIO YAMAUCHI1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 343-349
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAcute toxicities and hatching inhibitions of embryo by 14 chlorophenols from mono-Cl to penta-Cl and phenol to Japanese Medaka, Oryzias latipes, have been determined as 96 h-LC50 and 15 d-EC50, respectively and studied in terms of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR). The 6 physico-chemical parameters of chlorophenols employed in this study were : n-octanol/water partition coefficient, log Pow ; dissociation constant, pKa ; Hammett constant, Σσ ; index of valence molecular connectivity, 1Xv ; perimeter of the efficient cross section of molecule, ΣD ; melting point, F. On the whole, acute toxicity and hatching inhibition of chlorophenols increase with a degree of chlorination and ortho-isomers appear as less toxic than meta-and para-isomers. QSAR study shows that log Pow, a parameter of hydrophobicity, gives the best correlation with the activity. With regard to each chlorophenol, 96 h-LC50 of Oryzias latipes agrees with that of another kind of fish, Lebistes reticulatus (guppy). High correlations were found among 96 h-LC50 and 15 d-EC50 values of Oryzias latipes, EC50 values of growth inhibition of green algae, Selenastrum capricornutum and EC50 values of immobilization of Daphnia magna, Daphnia carinata and Daphnia pulex.View full abstractDownload PDF (814K) -
KEIGO TAKATSUKI, SHIGERU SUZUKI, ISAMU USHIZAWA, TAKURO SHOJI1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 350-358
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method for the confirmation of monascus pigment colored on the skin of fresh fishes was developed. A fish sample was extracted once with methanol at room temperature (30 min), and the extract or its condensate was checked for monascus pigment by visible absorption spectrometry, green fluorescence after reaction with ammonia and acetone, and thin layer chromatography. The extract which seemed to contain monascus pigment was further examined by liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). On the liquid chromatogram using two eluants successively, monascus pigment showed a characteristic peak to both visible and fluorescent detection, which was a clear indication of monascus pigment. Complex peaks appeared on the GC-MS total ion chromatogram, but the constituents of monascus pigment were identified by the mass spectra of these peaks, which could be used to confirm monascus pigment.View full abstractDownload PDF (886K) -
MICHINAO MIZUGAKI, YOSHIHARU OHYAMA, KATSUHIKO KIMURA, MASATAKA ISHIBA ...1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 359-365
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA gas chromatography/selected ion monitoring (GC/SIM) method for the simultaneous determination of aconitum alkaloids such as aconitine, mesaconitine and hypaconitine has been developed. Aconitum alkaloids were converted to their TMS ether derivatives by treatment with N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide in pyridine at room temperature. The gas chromatograms of reaction products showed in each case a well-resolved doublet consisting of a major (>70%) and a minor components, when analyzed using a 5%-phenylmethylsilicone cross-linked fused silica capillary column. These alkaloid derivatives gave simplified mass spectra with a base peak at m/z 698 for aconitine, m/z 684 for mesaconitine and m/z 596 for hypaconitine. When GC/SIM of aconitine was carried out under monitoring of the ion at m/z 698, detection limit was 10 picograms with signal-to-noise ratio of greater than 10. Linearity was obtained over a range from at least 10 to 1000pg. Similar results were obtained with another alkaloids. The use of this method for the measurement of aconitum alkaloids in biological fluids is described.View full abstractDownload PDF (734K) -
NOBORU MORIYAMA, MICHINORI TERAO, KUNIAKI KAWATA, TATSUO UEMURA, FUMIO ...1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 366-370
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBiotransformation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in a soil sample was examined in sealed vials. A soil sample was collected from the ground inside the metal welfare factory ; it was located in the area where groundwater was contaminated by a degreaser, TCE, and cis-1, 2-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE), which had not been used in the vicinity. TCE was transformed into cis-DCE in 1 week in the collected unsterilized soil suspension. On the other hand, TCE did not degrade in the sterilized soil suspension. When 0.05 ml soil suspension was transferred to another sterilized soil suspension, this transformation was observed. This reaction was stopped by heating in boiling water for 10 min. Therefore, this transformation was considered to be due to a microbial dechlorination. The trans-1, 2-dichloroethylene, 1, 1-dichloroethylene and vinyl chloride were not detected by this TCE biotransformation. The cis-DCE did not further degrade at least in 3 weeks. It can therefore be presumed that cis-DCE contained in groundwater near the factory is a biotransformation product of TCE.View full abstractDownload PDF (609K) -
HITOSHI TSUCHIHASHI, MICHIAKI TATSUNO1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 371-375
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDegradation products of diazinon and dichlorvos, organophosphorus pesticides, were investigated, and their degradation time-courses were also examined. The degradation of both compounds was carried out under the condition of static state in aqueous solution and hydrochloric acid solution (pH 2.0) at 37°C. By gas chromatography (GC), peaks of diazinon and dichlorvos were not observed in sample solutions after about 20 d. Degradation products of diazinon, and dichlorvos were identified to be 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine and dichloroacetaldehyde by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. These degradation products were determined by thin layer chromatography, GC and (GC-MS).View full abstractDownload PDF (563K) -
KEITO BOKI, SANJI SHINODA, SHINSAKU OHNO1988 Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages 376-379
Published: August 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rapid enzymatic method for determination of lactate in alcoholic beverage was developed. Sodium bicarbonate-sodium hydroxide buffer was the most suitable for the determination of lactate among eight kinds of buffers. Suitable conditions for the LDH reaction were as follows : concentration and pH of buffer, 400mM and 10.0 ; concentration of NAD, 2 mM ; reaction temperature, 25°C ; reaction time, 2 min for L-lactate, 15 min for D-lactate. The present method gave a good recovery of lactate at concentrations of more than 1 mg/l in alcoholic beverages.View full abstractDownload PDF (456K)
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