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Volume 21 (1975)
- Issue 6 Pages 301-
- Issue 5 Pages 239-
- Issue 4 Pages 169-
- Issue 3 Pages 117-
- Issue 2 Pages 51-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 21, Issue 2
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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OSAMU SAKAGUCHI, KATUSHI YOKOTA, SHINOBU TAKASHITA1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 51-54
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBiological degradation of synthetic detergents and commercial detergents was examined under various condition. By incubation with domestic sewage at 30°, 20 ppm of linear alkyl benzenesulfonate (LAS), which is degraded easily in contrast to alkyl benzenesulfonate (ABS), was consumed aerobically to the extent of about 50% after 7 days but to a slight extent under anaerobic condition. On the other hand, it was observed that higher fatty acid sulfate was easily biodegraded under both aerobic and anaerobic condition for 1 day. Biodegradation of LAS was delayed slightly in the presence of nutrients. Detergent-grown cells separated from domestic sewage showed two optimal peaks to 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction activities at pH 7.0 and 8.5.View full abstractDownload PDF (498K) -
TAKAHIKO SATO, YOUKI OSE1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 55-59
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh viscous substances were extracted from activated sludge with 2 N and 0.1 N NaOH solution, and their floc-forming abilities were examined. Both alkaline extracts flocculated kaolin and Escherichia coli suspensions at below pH 3, but not near pH 7 which is a flocculating range for activated sludge. The substance extracted from E. coli with 2 N NaOH did not flocculate kaolin suspension in any pH range. The substance extracted from activated sludge was insoluble in strong acidity range and it was assumed that there was a correlation between acid insolubility and flocculation.View full abstractDownload PDF (604K) -
YOSHIKO SHIRAISHI, EIGO TAKABATAKE1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 60-65
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe determination of benzo[a]pyrene, a typical carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbon, in petroleum wax (paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax) and synthetic wax (polyolefin wax) was examined. This hydrocarbon was extracted by a specially designed apparatus and determined by fluorospectrometry after clean-up by alumina column chromatography. The recoveries averaged 94.8%, 91.6% and 88.9% respectively, for benzo[a]pyrene of 200, 20, and 2 ppb in 25 g of wax. Analysis of 31 specimens of commercially available petroleum wax showed that benzo[a]pyrene was not detected in 21 specimens and that, in the remaining 10 specimens, the maximum was 48.24 ppb and the mean was 2.85 ppb. As to synthetic wax, benzo[a]pyrene was detected in 6 out of 8 specimens with the maximum of 25.00 ppb and the mean of 4.64 ppb.View full abstractDownload PDF (673K) -
MASAYOSHI YAMAGUCHI, TAKEO YAMAMOTO1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 66-70
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis experiment was attempted to determine whether the increased liver calcium accumulation induced by lead administration is caused by thyrocalcitonin. Lead acetate solution of 20 mg Pb/100 g body weight was administered intraperitoneally 2 hr after thyroparathyroidectomy. After 36 hr, thyrocalcitonin of 80 MRC mU/100 g was administered subcutaneously 5 times at 3 hr intervals, and 2.0 mg calcium/100 g were administered intraperitoneally 4 times at 4 hr intervals. Rats were sacrificed 1 hr after the last injection. Control injections consisted of sterile distilled water and calcium. The calcium concentration in tha serum and liver was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. In lead-treated intact rats, thyrocalcitonin significantly increased liver calcium concentration, while serum calcium decreased significantly. Thyroparathyroidectomy markedly reduced the rise in liver calcium concentration induced by lead. Calcium injection to thyroparathyroidectomized and lead-treated rats did not significantly increase liver calcium compared to that of noninjected rats. However, after an additional thyrocalcitonin injection, liver calcium concentration became 70% of that of lead-treated intact rats. These results demonstrate that liver calcium accumulation induced by lead administration is caused by the endogenous thyrocalcitonin.View full abstractDownload PDF (677K) -
YUROKU YAMAMOTO, TAKAHIRO KUMAMARU, TOSHIHIKO KAMADA, TOSHIYUKI TANAKA1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 71-76
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn extraction system of ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC)-methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) was used for a pretreatment in the flameless atomic absorpion spectrophotometric determination of cadmium, lead, and copper. The extract (30μl) was injected into the carbon tube, dried, ashed, and atomized by passing an appropriate current through the atomizer for each step. The concentrations of cadmium, lead, and copper were calculated from the calibration curves by measuring the absorption peak heights at 2288Å, 2170Å, and 3247.5Å, respectively. The sensitivities for 1% absorption were 0.004 ppb for cadmium, 0.045 ppb for lead, and 0.093 ppb for copper. The coefficients of variation (10 replicate samples) were 3.8% for cadmium, 3.4% for lead, and 1.8% for copper. Examinations on interference revealed that most diverse ions which interfered with the determination by direct injection of aqueous sample gave no effect even when present in 1000-fold amount. The method was applied to the analysis of river water and sea water with satisfactory results.View full abstractDownload PDF (703K) -
MICHIKO KUROKAWA, MIKIHIRO KANEKO, NOBUICHI NISHIYAMA, SHOZO FUKUI, SA ...1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 77-83
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn improved determination system for arsenic was developed, in which a zinc column-arsine generator is coupled directly to the atomic absorption spectrophotometric apparatus. It has been confirmed that arsine is not evolved quantitatively with the ordinary arsine generation flask, but is generated by using the zinc column-arsine generator. For example, the recovery of arsenic contained in fish meat showed low values of only 50-70% in the case of ordinary arsine generation flask. This would be due to the decrease of arsine evolved from the flask solution containing a large amount of ammonium sulfate which was produced by digestion of the sample using sulfuric-nitric acid mixture, followed by neutralization. In the case of the zinc column-arsine generator, evolution of arsine was quantitative. Even in the presence of a large amount of ammonium sulfate, being due to the complete contact of the test solution with the excess amount of zinc.View full abstractDownload PDF (729K) -
FUSAMUNE SUZUKI, ISAO OGAWA, MASAYOSHI MINAKAMI1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 84-88
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeveral methods are reported for the determination of iodine, but none of them is suitable for the analysis of stack gas, and a sampling method and the condition of analysis using iodide selective electrode were examined. Iodine in sample gas was absorbed in 0.1 N NaOH solution and stabilized as iodate by the addition of 1.5 N NaClO solution. The iodate was analyzed by the iodide electrode after reduction to iodide with hydrazine sulfate. A plot of mV vs log concentration gave a straight line, having a slope of -60.6±1.8 mV. Interference by other ions, e.g., bromide, sulfite, and ammonium chloride, was negligible. This method is very simple and is recommended for the determination of iodine in stack gases, in routine work.View full abstractDownload PDF (577K) -
YASUNOBU SUKETA, SHOICHI SHIMOKAWA, TAKEO YAMAMOTO1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 89-92
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPracticable and simple method for the determination of fluorine in soil containing silicon and aluminum was designed and a convenient method was established as follows : One part of the soil sample is fused with 5 parts of a mixture of sodium carbonate and zinc oxide (2 : 3, w/w), at 600 to 1000°, and the fused material is suspended and leached with water. Fluorine in the suspension is distilled directly from sulfuric acid solution at 135-145°. In this method, fluorine can be constantly and quantitatively recovered by the fusion temperature of 600 to 1000°. The procedure is rapid and has a high reproducibility.View full abstractDownload PDF (550K) -
RYOZO FUNASAKA, YOUKI OSE, TAKAHIKO SATO1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 93-100
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the substances responsible for the offensive odor in fish, aromatic hydrocarbons, which play an important role as a hexane extract, were examined by gas chromatography using symmesitylene as a standard. It was proved that the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons was high in the river water and in the bottom mud where the fish with offensive odor lived. Such hydrocardons were also found in a high concentration in the muscles and digestive organs of the fish with offensive odor, but was not detected in their liver, or in the fish in breeding ponds and in Ayu living in Nagara Bridge basin. Therefore, fish were kept in a tank with constant concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons and the taste of fish was examined at regular intervals. At the same time, concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in the internal organs of the fish was analyzed. Accumulation of aromatic hydrocarbons was recognized in internal organs except in the liver, and the offensive odor appeared on the 40th day. At the time, 0.25 ppm of toluene, 0.23 ppm of benzene, 0.02 ppm of m-, p- and o-xylene were detected in the muscles. This value agreed with the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in the fish with offensive odor. These results suggested that aromatic hydrocarbons were responsible as substances giving the offensive odor to fishes.View full abstractDownload PDF (747K) -
RYOZO FUNASAKA, YOUKI OSE, TAKAHIKO SATO1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 101-105
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the substances responsible for the offensive odor in fish, phenols were examined by gas chromatography. Phenol was detected, but cresols were not detected. It was proved that the concentration of phenol was high in the river water and in the bottom mud where the fish with offensive odor lived. Such phenol was also found in the muscles and digestive organs of the fish with offensive odor, but was not detected in their liver, or in the fish in breeding ponds and in Ayu (river trout) living in Nagara Bridge basin. Therefore, fish were kept in a tank with constant concentration of phenol and the taste of fisb was examined at regular intervals. At the same time, concentration of phenol in the internal organs of the fish was analyzed. Accumulation of phenol was recognized in internal organs except in the liver, and the offensive odor appeared on the 10 th day. At the time, 0.035 ppm of phenol was detected in the muscles. This value agreed with the concentration of phenol in the fish with offensive odor. These results suggested that phenol was responsible as a substances giving the offensive odor to fishes.View full abstractDownload PDF (576K) -
MASAYOSHI YAMAGUCHI, YASUNOBU SUKETA, TAKEO YAMAMOTO1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 106-109
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe behavior of calcium in cytoplasmic soluble fraction in the liver homogenate of rats treated with lead acetate was examined, and the following results were obtained. Lead acetate (Pb 20 mg/100 g) was administered intraperitoneally once to rats. Three days after lead administration, the amount of calcium in the liver of rats increased about 20 times, while in the subcellular fractionation of the tissue, the amount of calcium in cytoplasmic soluble fraction showed an increase of about 40 times compared with normal rats. Cytoplasmic soluble fraction was fractionated by gel filtration. Most of calcium in the liver soluble fraction was bound to macromolecular compound. Six days after lead administration, depletion of calcium from cytoplasmic macromolecular compound was demonstrated. These results suggest that there is a calcium binding component in the liver cytoplasmic soluble fraction of lead-poisoned rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (518K) -
TADASHI KOZU, TAKAHISA KANDA, YUICHI YANAGISAWA1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 110-113
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalgesic components (5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid, caffeine, and aminopyrine) in a tablet and biological materials were determined by gas-liquid chromatography with hydrogen flame ionization detector on 1.5 m glass column packed with 3.5% SE-30 at 190°. Determination was made successfuly by the internal standard method using methaqualone. These components were extracted from urine with chloroform after adjusting the pH to 8.0 with 10% ammonium hydroxide solution. The cleanup procedure suitable for the extract was carried out by the Florisil column. The components were eluted with ethyl acetate : chloroform (4 : 1) mixture. The recovery rates of allyl-isobutylbarbituric acid, caffeine, and aminopyrine added to urine were 92.9%, 95.1% and 84.0%, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (499K) -
RYUZO TAKESHITA, EIGO TAKABATAKE, KOEI MINAGAWA, YUKIO TAKIZAWA1975 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 114-115
Published: April 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method for the determination of total phthalates as di-trifluoroethyl phthalate by gas-liquid chromatography is described. It was developed on the basis of separation of phthalates from samples with n-hexane, saponification of the phthalates with an alkaline ethanolic solution, purification of phthalic acid by extraction with ethyl acetate and by silica gel column chromatography and conversion of phthalic acid obtained thereby to di-trifluoroethyl ester with trifluoroethanol and boron trifluoride which is highly sensitive to an electron capture detector. The derivative was detected on the chromatogram with sensitivity of 0.1 pg, and fatty samples fortified at levels from 0.1 to 10μg of phthalates were successfully analyzed at recovery of 85-105%.View full abstractDownload PDF (335K)
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