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SADAJI YAMADA, EIICHI MIKAMI, JUNKO HAYAKAWA, MASUO YAMADA, KAZUHARU A ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
1-5
Published: February 28, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
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Octyltin compounds were detected from diaper covers by thin layer chromatography using 0.1% pyrocatechol violet solution as a spray reagent, and identified as tri-and di-n-octyltin (TOT and DOT, respectively) species by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis after derivatization to tetrasubstituted organotins with propyl magnesium bromide. TOT and DOT were determined by flame photometric detection-gas chromatography. Amounts of octyltin compounds found in three diaper covers were 67.1, 97.6, and 140.1 μg/g of TOT (as its chloride) and 405.5, 579.8, and 819.2 μg/g of DOT (as its dichloride).
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TAKAKO YAMAGUCHI, AIKO YAMAUCHI, HIROYASU YAMAZAKI, YASUO KAKIUCHI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
6-13
Published: February 28, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
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Rubber particles emitted from tire tread by abrasion have caused environmental pollution, which may be hazardous to our health. In the present study, the mutagenicities of rubber additives used in rubber manufacturing and the tire extracts were estimated by means of the Ames test. The mutagenic activities of 8 vulcanization accelerators, 2 activators and 12 antioxidants were investigated in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Two of the rubber vulcanization accelerators, tetramethylthiuramdisulfide (TMTD) and zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (Zn-DMDTC), were mutagenic in TA100, while no mutagenic effects were observed in TA98. Another accelerator, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (Zn-DEDTC) was weakly mutagenic in TA100. None of the others had any mutagenic activity. Although several rubber vulcanization accelerators had mutagenic activities and some tires contained these additives, no significant mutagenic activity was found in the tire extracts in either strain with and without S9mix. These results suggested that the mutagenic activity of accelerators might be suppressed by other tire components such as activators or antioxidants.
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NARIAKI TAKAYAMA, KAZUICHI HAYAKAWA, HIROSHI KOBAYASHI, MOTOICHI MIYAZ ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
14-21
Published: February 28, 1991
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High-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of trace levels of methamphetamine, amphetamine and piperidine in the human urine. Three compounds extracted into diethyl ether from alkaline urine were derivatized with dansyl chloride, and separated on a reversed-phase column and detected chemilumigenicaly by using bis (2, 4, 6-trichlorophenyl) oxalate and hydrogen peroxide as post column reagents. Methamphetamine as low as 2×10
-10M level in the urine was determined by the proposed method. The sensitivity of the proposed method was higher than that of gas-chromatography with flame ionization detection (FID-GC). The analytical results of methamphetamine in the urine samples of human who took methamphetamine by i.v. injection were in good agreement with those by FID-GC.
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SHOJI IMAI, TOSHIYUKI TANAKA, KENGO SAITO, YASUHISA HAYASHI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
22-27
Published: February 28, 1991
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A method for the determination of lead in serum by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with the standard type graphite tube using chromium nitrate as a matrix modifier is described. Serum is used without complicated sample pretreatment but with dilution by 1% Triton X-100 of 0.1 mol/l nitric acid solution containing 2000 mgCr/l. Detection limit (S/N=3) was 0.22 μg/l in serum. Reproducibility (RSD) of 4% at n=10 was observed. Recovery of lead in a certified reference material, bovine blood was 104%. The average sensitivity for five different serum samples was 0.00304 abs per μg/l (RSD : 4%). Lead level in 1.3 μg/l of serum was observed in twenty sera of normal subjects.
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YUMIKO NAKAMURA, YUKARI HASEGAWA, YASUHIDE TONOGAI, MASAFUMI KANAMOTO, ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
28-38
Published: February 28, 1991
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The analytical method of 4 kinds of rare earth elements i.e. dysprosium (Dy), europium (Eu), ytterbium (Yb) and yttrium (Y) from the biological materials were investigated. 1) Three kinds of methods, i.e. atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), flame emission spectrometry (FES) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) were compared. Most sensitive and reliable method was ICP-AES, so the determination of 4 kinds of rare earth elements was performed by ICP-AES. 2) Two kinds of solvent extraction methods were investigated. None of APDC-MIBK (ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate/methyl isobuthyl ketone) system nor D2-EHPA (di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid) system revealed sufficient results. 3) Dry ashing procedure was investigated for the biological materials. Recoveries of Dy, Eu, Yb and Y (25-2500 ppm added) were 44.0-96.5% for the liver, whole blood, spleen and kidney for which the ashing was complete ; contrarily, those were 35.5-78.9% for the feces and femur for which the ashing was incomplete. 4) Wet digestion method was investigated for the biological materials. Recoveries of Dy, Eu, Yb and Y were 77.6-100.7% in case of H
2SO
4-HNO
3 digestion (250 ppm added) and 85.3-100.5% in case of HNO
3 digestion (25 ppm added). The HNO
3 digestion method was better than the H
2SO
4-HNO
3 digestion method because of no CaSO
4 precipitation in the former method. Therefore, it was suggested that the best analytical method for these 4 kinds of rare earth elements from the biological materials was the combination of wet digestion method by using HNO
3 with ICP-AES.
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HIDEO ISONO, KIYOKO HORIE, HARUYO SASAKI, SHUICHI MIYAURA
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
39-46
Published: February 28, 1991
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The purpose of the present study was to learn the influence of phenobarbital (PB) on embryonic growth followed by induction of glutathione S-transferase activity (GST) by employing fertilized chicken eggs. A previous single dose (into the air-sac) of 168 μmol of PB killed all embryos tested by day 18. Those surviving when administered a dose of 144 μmol PB grew poorly and their hepatic color was changed to green. A curve of renal GST activity of 18-day-old embryo against PB dose linearly increased up to 120 μmol PB dose, where the activity was 6 times that in the control. A previous single dose (into the air-sac) of 60 μmol PB gave the following daily growth profiles : the whole body, the tibia and femoral bone grew poorly in weight and size after day 11 or 12. The hepatic weight did not differ from that of the control throughout the incubation period of day 7 to 18, however, the GST activity rose at day 14 to reach 2 times that in the control at day 18. The renal weight was slightly elevated compared with the control throughout the period of day 7 to 18, however, the GST activity linearly increased to reach 3 times that in the control at day 18. PB was found to induce hepatic GST activity of chick embryo causing such lesions as changing of the hepatic color to green.
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KIYOMI KIKUGAWA, TAKASHI KOJIMA, HIROKO KOSUGI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
47-52
Published: February 28, 1991
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In the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay of oxidized oils, the development of red 2 : 1 TBA-malonaldehyde adduct was enhanced by ferric and ferrous ions and suppressed by EDTA in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of the ions could not be ascribed to the increased release of malonaldehyde from the oils, but was reasonably ascribable to the increased TBA-reactivity of alkadienals and/or alkenals released from the oils, since the reactivity of these aldehydes was quite similarly enhanced by the ions and suppressed by EDTA. The development of the adduct from the oils, alkadienals and alkenals was suppressed by cupric ion, probably owing to its activity to destroy the adduct. These findings strongly support the idea that alkadienals and/or alkenals are the major TBA-reactive substances in the oxidized oils.
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FUJIO WATANABE, MASAZOU ISHINO, YOSHIFUMI HIROSE, ISAO MORIMOTO
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
53-57
Published: February 28, 1991
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A simple and rapid method for the quantitative analysis of carnitine hydrochloride (CH) in the herbal liquores used as gastrointestinal medicines was studied. The herbal liquores were passed through a Mega Bond Elut C
18 and a Sep Pak alumina B cartridge for clean-up, and the passing solution was subjected to reversed-phase ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography on an octadecylsilylated silica-gel column (TSKgel ODS-80T
M) with spectorophotometric detection at 210 nm. Standard curves were linear in the range from 0.2 to 1.0 mg/ml. The recoveries of CH added to twenty herbal liquores were obtained from 98% to 101%. The present method was appliciable to the determination of CH in the herbal liquores without interference of other principles belonging to Chinese medicinal herbs.
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MASAAKI KANIWA, YOSHIAKI IKARASHI, SHIGEO KOJIMA, AKITADA NAKAMURA, MA ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
58-67
Published: February 28, 1991
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Several cases of the patients with allergic contact dermatitis caused by an athletic tape and sneakers were reported. In patch testing p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin (PTBP-FR) was found to be reactive to these patients. Therefore, analytical procedures including gas chromatography (GC), GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were developed to determine PTBP-FR and p-tert-butlyphenol (PTBP), which is a material for the synthesis of PTBP-FR, in such commercially available household products as adhesive tapes, shoes and adhesives for rubber and leather. PTBP and PTBP-FR were detected in both of the causative athletic tape and adhesive spread onto the inner lining of the sneakers. However, neither of 16 other brands of adhesive tapes nor 8 brands of the inner cushions of shoes contained PTBP and PTBP-FR. On the other hand, 7 out of 8 brands of adhesives for rubber and leather contained 0.005-0.242% of PTBP and 0.104-1.67% of PTBP-FR. From these results, it was concluded that PTBP-FR should be a causative chemical in both cases of contact dermatitis, and PTBP-FR should be given much attention as a candidate of causative chemicals in contact dermatitis from rubber and leather products.
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SEIICHI UENO, MUTSUO ISHIZAKI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
68-73
Published: February 28, 1991
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The distribution patterns of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive substances and vanadium in subcellular fractions of the liver and kidney of the mice administered with sodium vanadate were investigated at 3 h and 12 h after i.p. injection. The results obtained are as follows. (1) Among subcellular fractions of the liver and kidney, a remarkable enhancement of TBA reactive substances after the administration of vanadium was recognized in the liver supernatant fractions. That is, the elevation of TBA value in the liver supernatant at 3 h and 12 h after the administration were 21.8 and 13.4 times as large as the control one, respectively. (2) From the results of Sephadex G-75 gel chromatography, it was considered that TBA reactive substances in the liver supernatant exist at the high-molecular-weight fractions (molecular weight of 75000 or thereabout) and low-molecular-weight fractions (molecular weight of nearly 1500). Vanadium was found mainly at the eluated fractions of TBA reactive substances. But, vanadium in the low-molecular-weight fractions decreased rapidly. (3) Pretreatment with ascorbic acid did not suppress the formation of lipoperoxide in the liver supernatant after the administration of vanadium.
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YUKIKO HANASAKI, SHUNJIRO OGAWA, SHOZO FUKUI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P1
Published: February 28, 1991
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HIDEKI FUKINO, YUKARI TAKAGI, YASUHIRO YAMANE
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P2
Published: February 28, 1991
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TAKESHI SUZUKI, HIDEAKI KITO, TAKAHIKO SATO, HISAMITSU NAGASE, TOMOHIR ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P3
Published: February 28, 1991
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KAZUYOSHI MATSUNAGA, TADASHIGE MORI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P4
Published: February 28, 1991
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TERUHISA HIRAYAMA, KAZUHIKO IGUCHI, TETSUSHI WATANABE
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P5
Published: February 28, 1991
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TAKASHI FUJIMOTO, FUMIKAZU OKUMURA, SHIGEYUKI KITAMURA, KIYOSHI TATSUM ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P6
Published: February 28, 1991
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AKIRA HIRATSUKA, KENICHIRO OGURA, HARUHIRO OKUDA, TADASHI WATABE
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P7
Published: February 28, 1991
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CHUZO ISHIDA, MISAKO GOTO, NOBUMITSU HANIOKA, NOBUYUKI KOGA, HIDETOSHI ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P8
Published: February 28, 1991
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SEIICHIRO HIMENO, NOBUMASA IMURA
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P9
Published: February 28, 1991
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KENZO YAMANAKA, AKIRA HASEGAWA, RYOJI SAWAMURA, MIKIO HOSHINO, MASAYUK ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P10
Published: February 28, 1991
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IKUO SUDA, HITOSHI TAKAHASHI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P11
Published: February 28, 1991
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AKIRA YASUTAKE, TATSUMI ADACHI, KIMIKO HIRAYAMA, MINORU INOUYE
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P12
Published: February 28, 1991
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SEISHIRO HIRANO, TOMOMI SHIMADA, JUNKO OHSUGI, NAOMI KODAMA, KAZUO T. ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P13
Published: February 28, 1991
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ATSUKO ADACHI, TADASHI KOBAYASHI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P14
Published: February 28, 1991
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RYUICHI KITAMURA, KAZUICHI HAYAKAWA, MOTOICHI MIYAZAKI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P15
Published: February 28, 1991
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YUKARI HASEGAWA, YUMIKO NAKAMURA, YASUHIDE TONOGAI, YOSHIO ITO, ISAO T ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P16
Published: February 28, 1991
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TAKAKO OSANAI, KANAKO MIURA, YUKAKO NARA, NOBUYUKI SHIBATA, SHIGEO SUZ ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P17
Published: February 28, 1991
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MAMORU TOMITA, SEIJI MACHIDA, YOUICHI NARITOMI, KOJI ARIZONO, TOSHIHIK ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P18
Published: February 28, 1991
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YOSUKE SUGIMURA, HIDEAKI HIRUKAWA, HIDEAKI SHIMADA, SHOJI KOJIMA, MORI ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P19
Published: February 28, 1991
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KENICHIRO MINEGISHI, SEIICHI NAMBARU, MASAMICHI FUKUOKA, AKIRA TANAKA, ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P21
Published: February 28, 1991
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HIROYASU YAMAZAKI, MASAKI INOI, TAKAKO YAMAGUCHI, AIKO YAMAUCHI, YASUO ...
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P22
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TATSUO SAKAI, SHINYA KAMEZAWA, KYOICHI KOBASHI
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P23
Published: February 28, 1991
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SACHIE IKEGAMI, KEIZO UMEGAKI, TOMIO ICHIKAWA
1991 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages
P24
Published: February 28, 1991
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