The biotransformation of 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol and 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol by the suspension cultures of Glycinc max (soy bean) under various conditions has been investigated. 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol was biotransformed into 3-methyl-2-butenal by the cultures at a high conversion ratio, but not into 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, while 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol was biotransformed, although at a low conversion ratio, into 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol and 3-methyl-2-butenal. More than 99% of the substances detected by GLC were found in the medium, and only a trace amount was found in the callus. The effects of auxins, light, shaking, and the amount of callus inoculum have been investigated. Throughout these experiments, no monoterpene formation was observed.

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The synthesis of four 2-amino-1, 3-alkanediols (5) has been described. 2-Nitroethanol (1) was condensed with aliphatic aldehydes (2) in the presence of sodium methoxide in methanol to give aci. sodium salts of 2-nitro-1, 3-alkanediols, (3), which were decomposed with an acid (aq. HCl) to free 2-nitro-1, 3-alkanediols (4). The nitro group of (4) was reduced with Zn-HCl in ethanol. The resulting (5) were purified by column chromatography, and their structures were confirmed by elemen-tal analyses and IR spectra of (5), and by MS spectra of O, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) derivatives of (5).

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Silicone oil (SiO) suppresses thermal deteriolation of frying oils. On autoxidation, however, it has been believed that SiO does not exert an antioxidative effect. This evidence has not been published as a paper with data proved by the experiments. In this experiment, soybean and linseed oils and their fatty acid methyl esters were used as substrates. SiO used were poly (dimethylsiloxane) which have various degree of polymerization. Concentration of SiO in oil were 0.1, 1, 10, and 100ppm. Sample oils were prepared by the same procedure as that used in the previous paper. Autoxidation were carried out in an oven thermostated at 55°C, or at room temperature. The effects were evaluated by measurement of POV. As a result, it has become apparent that SiO has a slight antioxidative effect. This fact suggests the presence of an essential mechanism which may be working at both low and high temperatures.

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The absolute configuration at C-24 of chondrillasterol [(24R) -24-ethyl-5α-cholesta-7, (E) -22-dien-3β-ol] isolated previously from gourd seed oil (Cucurbitaceae) and its 24S-epimer, spinasterol, was confirmed by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A significant chemical shift difference was observed in the C (21) and C (29) signals between the two epimers.

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The sterol compositions of the unsaponifiable matters from flower and seed oils of Solidago altissima L. were studied by GLC. The main sterol component of both the flower and seed oils was found to be spinasterol by means of physical data; NMR, MS, mp, and GLC. The other sterols which occured in minor amounts in the oils were tentatively identified as stigmasterol and Δ⁷-stigmastenol.

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Attempt was made to determine the composition of hydrolytic precipitates in sodium salts of C12, C14, and C16 fatty acids and potassium laurate at ca. 20°C. In addition, the formation of acid soap complexes in the systems of myristic acid-sodium myristate and lauric acid-potassium laurate was examined using the technique of differential thermal analysis (DTA). For the hydrolytic precipitates, the acid soap was found to have a 1 : 1 molar ratio of fatty acid and soap. Further, DTA indicated the presence of neutral soaps coexisting with the acid soaps at higher soap concentrations.

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Several dibasic acid esters containing oxyalkylene units (-OCH₂-, -OC₂H₄-, unit number; 15) were treated with aminimines derived from alkyl (C₈C₁₂) glycidyl ethers and 1, 1-dimethylhydrazine, giving a new series of bis (aminimides) with the yields of 3040%. The introduction of ether linkage caused a decrease in melting point and Krafft's point of the bis (aminimides). The lower members regarding m (m<3) were more soluble in water and showed high surface activity, but the higher members were less soluble. Cloud point and cmc of these surfactants were found to decrease with increasing m.
They were effective phase-transfer catalysts for aqueous potassium iodide-octyl bromide two phase reaction. Their efficiency increased with increasing m. The efficiency of a higher member (m=5) was much greater than that of dibenzo-18-crown-6 and was close to that of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6.

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