Evaluation was made of the stabilizing effects on various types of COM of multi-branched nonionic surface active agents with high molecular weight prepared by copolymerizing propylene oxide and ethylene oxide to polyethylenepolyamine and then cross-linking 2 mol of the product with 1 mol of tolylenediisocyanate.
In the tests, 15 types of COM were prepared using various coal samples such as bituminous coal, subbituminous coals and lignites and various types of heavy oils.
After being combined with the agents mentioned above at a concentration of 0.125%, COM samples were subjected to 30d still storage at 70°C15 d still storage at 70°C followed by reagitation and 7 d still storage, or 7 d still storage after heating to 100°C or cooling down to 0°C, for measurement of physical properties such as coal concentration, viscosity and specific gravity of COM.
It was found that the above surface active agent was capable of imparting stabilizing effects to the various types of COM, under the severe heating, cooling and reagitation conditions that are generally encountered in the practical utilization of COM.

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The lipid contents and sterol composition in cotyledons, embryos, and the seed coat of oil seeds from soybean, cotton, and sunflower were compared. The sterol composition was obtained by the fractionation of unsaponifiables in lipid by thin layer chromatography and subsequent gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
The lipid content in the cotyledons and embryos was higher than that in the seed coat. Seed coat lipid contained the highest concentration of unsaponifiables. The sterol composition depends on the particular source. For example, higher percentages of stigmasterol, cycloeucalenol, beta-amyrin were found in the seed coat lipids of three oil seeds.

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Five chelating ligands, N-alkyl-N-phosphonomethylglycine (n-CP), were obtained from five alkylamines (decyl-, dodecyl-tetradecyl-, hexadecyl-, and octadecylamine) which were treated with monochloroacetic acid and then with formaldehyde and phoshorous acid. The metal chelates and sodium salts of the ligands were prepared.
The chemical structure of the chelates and the surface active properties of their aqueous solutions were investigated and compared with those of N, N-bis (carboxymethyl) tetradecylamine (14-CC) and N, N-bis (phosphonomethyl) tetradecylamine (14-PP). It was concluded on the basis of the IR spectral data of the (2 : 1) copper-chelates of n-CP that the copper ion was coordinated by the carboxylate group of the ligand when the molar ratio of alkali added was 4, and by the phosphonate group when the molar ratio was 6. Disodium salts of n-CP were found to have good surface active properties. The disodium salt of the N-hexadecyl derivative of n-CP had the best properties. The copper chelates of n-CP were also found to be good emulsifying agents of kerosene in water.

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A flavoring material in roasted coffee, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (1 a) and its homologs (1 b, 1 c, and 1 d) were synthesized through the acyloin condensation for corresponding diethyl 2-alkyladipates. The flavor property of the 3-methyl diketone (1 a) was burnt sugar-like, while that of the ethyl homolog (1 b) was strong burnt sugar-like with sweet overtones. The isopropyl derivative (1 c) possessed a fresh grass odor and the benzyl derivative (1 d) a wood-like odor with phenolic overtones.

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Isopentenylmesityl oxides [(4), (5) and (6)] were hydrolytically decomposed to methylheptenone (3) in a 96% yield by heating with a 30% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 110°C for 12 h.

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