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Volume 32, Issue 12
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Mitsu KAYAMA1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 719-725
Published: December 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3126K) -
Takeshi NISHIGUCHI, Kazuo FUKUZUMI, Fumihiko KIMURA1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 726-730
Published: December 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHydrogenation of methyl linoleate was studied using RuCl2 (PPh3) 3, RuH2 (PPh3) 4, RhCl (PPh3) 3, RhH (PPh3) 4, and [RhCl (cyclooctene) 2] 2 as homogeneous catalysts. Cis monoenes were formed with high selectivity under mild conditions in the reaction catalyzed by RuCl2 (PPh3) 3. In the reaction catalyzed by RhCl (PPh3) 3, formation of isolated trans double bonds was also scarce but selectivity in the formation of monoenes was a little lower. Hydrogenation of methyl trans-9, trans-12-octadecadienoate, cis, trans-conjugated and trans, trans-conjugated octadecadienoate, oleate, and elaidate was carried out in order to determine the reaction mechanisms of the reduction of linoleate. It is presumed that linoleate was reduced through 1, 4-hydrogen addition after preconjugation in the reaction catalyzed by RuCl2 (PPh3) 3 and mainly through 1, 2-hydrogen addition unaccompanied by geometrical or positional isomerization in the reaction catalyzed by RhCl (PPh3) 3. The formation of conjugated dienes in the latter reaction suggests that some isomerization occurred as a minor route.View full abstractDownload PDF (866K) -
Synergistic Effect of Monoacylglyceryl Citrate, Malate, and SuccinateHiromu KANEMATSU, Minoru AOYAMA, Takenori MARUYAMA, Isao NIIYA, Masato ...1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 731-734
Published: December 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe synergistic antioxidant effect of tocopherol (Toc) and monoacylglyceryl citrate, malate, and succinate in lard and palm oil was investigated by the oven test at 60°C and the AOM test. The antioxidant effect of these esters was also studied.
1) The results of the oven test indicated that monoacylglyceryl citrate (MGC) showed little antioxidant effect in the lard, while no effect was observed in the palm oil.
2) In the oven test, it was indicated that MGC controlled an increase of POV in the initial stage of the induction period of lard added Toc of 0.01% or less, and contributed to further increase in the antioxidant effect of Toc. Hewever, the effect was reduced by adding MGC together with Toc of 0.02% or more. On the other hand, Toc in the palm oil was not affected by the addition of MGC.
3) In the case of the AOM test, MGC was useless for improvement of the antioxidant effect of Toc.
4) Monoacylglyceryl malate and succinate in the lard showed little antioxidant effect, and also indicated increase in the antioxidant effect of Toc as well as MGC.View full abstractDownload PDF (721K) -
Yutaka ISHIGAMI, Shinsuke YAMAZAKI1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 735-739
Published: December 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnionic oligosoap homologues (saponification products of alternating cooligomers of alkyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride or diethyl maleate) having different side alkyl chain lengths, repeating unit numbers (n) and saponification degrees were used as the emulsifiers for the emulsion polymerization of styrene, and the relationship between the chemical structure of oligosoaps and their contribution to the emulsion polymerization was studied. Oligosoaps having n of several tens and side alkyl chain lengths of C10 or higher than C10, enhanced the emulsion polymerization. The particle sizes of the latices formed were below 1000Å, and the latices showed on good dispersion stability and low foaming properties. The conditions of the solubilizing sites (hydrophobic domain) of the oligosoap homologues are discussed focusing on the relationship between the initial rates of emulsion polymerization and the ability to solubilize styrene.View full abstractDownload PDF (977K) -
Factors to Attain Ultralow Interfacial TensionsHironobu KUNIEDA, Masaki MAEKAWA, Kozo SHINODA1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 740-743
Published: December 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCorrelation between phase behavior and the interfacial tension at oil/water interface, γo-w, has been studied in a three-phase region of CnH2n+1 (OCH2CHCH3) 3 OSO3M/C8H17 (OCH2CH2) 2 OH/brine/oil system (n=12, 16; M=1/2Ca, Na). γo-w reaches its minimum, γmino-w, in the midst of the three-phase region consisted of water, surfactant and oil phases, and γrmino-w attains to ultralow value 10-4-10-5mN·m-1. γmino-w decreases with an increase in the hydrocarbon chain length of surfactant or with a decrease in that of oil. The effect of salinity on γmino-w is also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (744K) -
Masato NOMURA, Yoshihito FUJIHARA1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 744-748
Published: December 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hydration and oxidation of α- and β-pyronenes (1), (2) with chlorinated acetic acids (mono-, di- or trichloroacetic acid), in polar aprotic solvents [dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), sulfolane (SF), and ethylene carbonate (EC)] or lead tetraacetate were investigated.
The results obtained are as follows :
Hydration of (1) gave 1, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1 β-ol (10) with good selectivity. In EC, the oxidation of (1) gave 2, 3, 4, 4-tetramethyl-2, 5-cyclohexadien-1-on (9) as the main product (maximum in a 91% conversion).
1, 2, 3, 4-Tetramethyl-benzene (5) and cis-2-hydroxy-5, 5, 6-trimethyl-3, 6-cyclohexadienemethanol (23) were obtained as two main products by the oxidation of (1) with lead tetraacetate.
In DMSO, the oxidation of (2) gave 1, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-1, 3-cyclohexadien-5-on (8) as the major product. The oxidation of (2) with lead tetraacetate gave cis-1, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-3-cyclohexene-1, 2-diol (22) in high conversion (71% at optimum).
The reaction products were identified by comparing their of IR, NMR and GC-MS spectra with those of the authentic samples.View full abstractDownload PDF (945K) -
Tetsuo MIYAKOSHI, Shojiro SAITO1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 749-753
Published: December 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS3-Methyl-4-octanolidea, γ-lactone known as a constituent of alcoholic beverages as Quercus lactone or Whisky lactone was synthesized from readily available starting materials. The synthetic route is shown in Scheme-1. The Michael reaction of nitropentane (1a) with methyl crotonate (2a) catalyzed by DBU in DMSO gave methyl 3-methyl-4-nitrooctanoate (3a) in 80% yield. Methyl 3-methyl-4-oxooctanoate (4a) was obtained from (3a) by Nef reaction with the electochemical oxidation in 88% yield. Reduction of (4a) with sodium borohydride gave a mixture of trans-, and cis-Quercus lactone (5a), and (5b).
Similarly, trans-3-methyl-4-nonanolide (6a), reported as a constituent of cognac, was prepared from methyl 3-methyl-4-nitrononanoate (3a).View full abstractDownload PDF (859K) -
Hirohumi HIRATA, Satoshi NAKASATO1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 754-755
Published: December 20, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSErythro/threo separation of synthetic C10- and C12-dihydrosphingosines and their N-acetyl derivatives by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed using 50% H2O-MeOH and 50% H2O-MeOH containing 0.1% phosphoric acid. The erythro/threo ratios determined by HPLC were consistent with those determined by GLC analyses.View full abstractDownload PDF (331K)
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