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Volume 43, Issue 9
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Hidehiko HIBINO, Yukihisa TANAKA1994 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 687-697
Published: September 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was isolated from cellular membranes at the sn-2 position of phospholipids (PLs). Using conformation modeling computer software, data were obtained indicating DHA in PLs to possibly be tightly and regularly packed in the acyl chain array in cellular membranes under certain conditions.
PLs containing DHA had stereospecific conformations, which may possibly be the reason for the important physiological functions of this lipid. PLs containing DHA express difference induction and inhibited 5-lipoxygenase and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity. They were found essential to integrated brain functions such as learning ability and the inducement of paradoxical sleep.View full abstractDownload PDF (2013K) -
Noriko SHINOZUKA, Yoshimasa NIHEI1994 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 698-703
Published: September 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInteractions between humic acids and hydrophobic compounds pyrene and icosane were studied by water solubility enhancement and fluorescence measurements. Humic acids were extracted from marine sediments. Salts obtained commercially were also used.
The solubility of pyrene in humic acid solution as determined by the so-called flask method was followed by spectrophotometry and found to increase with humic acid concentration. The addition of salts decreased the solubility of pyrene, paticularly so with CsCl. The solubilizing ability of humic acids was calculated as Ks which appeared to depend on the surface activity of marine humic acid. The association constant of pyrene with humic acids, Kb, was determined by the fluorescence quenching method. Kb for marine humic acids ranged in 2.2-10.4 × 104 L/kg and for commercial humic acids, 8.1 and 8.4 × 104 L/kg. The values.were related to the aromaticity of humic acid. The intensity ratio of pyrene fluorescence indicated the addition of humic acid to provide a less polar environment for pyrene. Humic acids are very complicated substances, and thus the results obtained using different method may indicate different kinds of interactions. The discrepancy in results on SJ-1 humic acid by two methods, for the largest Ks and smallest Kb, may be due to its specific structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (771K) -
Fudeko TANAKA, Yuzo HARADA, Norihiro IKEDA, Makoto ARATONO, Kinshi MOT ...1994 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 704-710
Published: September 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe surface tension of an aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dye mixture was measured as a function of total concentration of SDS and dye and the composition of SDS at 298. 15 K and atmospheric pressure. Two monoazo acid dyes were used, C. I. Acid Orange 7 (Orange II) and C. I. Acid. Yellow 36 (Metanil Yellow). Adsorbed film and micelle compositions were determined by applying thermodynamic equations to the experimental results. Orange II molecules were forced more strongly than Metanil Yellow molecules to move away from the adsorbed film and micelle owing to the presence of SDS molecules. The present findings may adequately explain why an anionic surfactant acts as a leveling agent in dyeing.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K) -
Minoru AOYAMA, Hiromu KANEMATSU, Masato TSUKAMOTO, Shigeru TOKAIRIN, I ...1994 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 711-718
Published: September 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA comparative study was made of the effects of various antioxidants on margarine containing unhydrogenated fish oil during storage at 10°C. The antioxidants were a mixed-tocopherol concentrate (Toc), t-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), 3, 3', 4', 5, 7-pentahydroxyflavon (quercetin, Que), catechin (Cat), and Toc in combination with L-ascorbyl palmitate (AP), L-histidine (His) or AP+n-propyl gallate (PG). They were present in margarine at 0.2 % for Toc and 0.01 % for each of the others. An increass in thiobarbituric acid number in the control margarine without an antioxidant was observed during storage, but which was suppressed on adding an antioxidant. Toc in combination with AP+PG was the most effective as an antioxidant followed by TBHQ>>Toc+AP>Toc>Toc+His>Que>Cat. TBHQ and Toc with AP + PG strongly stabilized icosapentaenoic acid (C20 : 5), docosahexaenoic acid (C22 : 6), vitamin A and β-carotene in the margarine and thus is most effective for maintaining quality.View full abstractDownload PDF (971K) -
Synergistic Effects of Several Components of Coffee Beans in CookiesTomoko OCHI, Youko OTSUKA, Minoru AOYAMA, Takenori MARUYAMA, Isao NIIY ...1994 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 719-723
Published: September 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExamination was made of the synergistic antioxidant effects of various components in coffee beans with tocopherols (Toc) on cookies by storage tests at 40°C for 12 months. The components were 2-carboxy-3, 4, 5-trihydroxycyclohexyl 3, 4-dihydroxycinnamate (chlorogenic acid, Chl), 3', 4'-dihydroxycinnamic acid (caffeic acid, Caf), a powder of roasted coffee beans (CP) and its extract (EE) obtained by ethanol treatment. A mixed tocopherol-concentrate (m-Toc) served as the antioxidant. The components were added to the cookies at 100 ppm for m-Toc, 100 and 200 ppm for Chl and Caf, 2 % for EE and 10 % for CP. Each cookie sample was periodically analyzed for peroxide value (POV) in the lipid fraction and residual Toc during storage.
(1) In cookies without m-Toc, Chl and Caf slightly suppressed increase in POV, while EE and CP did so markedly. The synergistic effect of Caf in cookies with m-Toc was clearly evident but could be hardly detected in EE or CP, the antioxidant effect of EE or CP being much greater than that of m-Toc in cookies containing no antioxidative substances.
(2) Caf, EE and CP, prevented the decomposition of Toc in cookies during storage, but Chl had such effect only weakly.
(3) The sensory evaluation indicated Caf, EE and CP to delay the onset of rancid odor in cookies during storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (561K) -
Reaction of Terpens in the Presence of Synthetic Zeolites (Part 23)Masato NOMURA, Satoshi HISATOMI, Toshimasa HAMADA, Yoshihito FUJIHARA1994 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 724-728
Published: September 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExamination was made of the acylation reactions of Δ2-carene (1) and Δ3-carene (2) with acid anhydrides (acetic anhydride and propionic anhydride) in the presence of synthetic zeolites.
The following results were obtained : In acetic anhydride and propionic anhydride with Y Type zeolites, the acylation of (1) gave 2-acetyl-3-carene (3) and 2-propionyl-3-carene (4) respectivery. In Y type Zeolites, 4-acetyl-2-carene (5) and 4-propionyl-2-carene (6) were obtained from (2) as the main products, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (492K) -
Toshiyuki SAKAKIBARA, Yukihiro NAMBA1994 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 729-732
Published: September 20, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new method was developed for preparing liposomes using an instananeous vacuum-dried lipid mixture. White lipid powder for preparing liposomes was easily obtained by spraying an organic solution of lipids into a vacuum at a temperature exceeding the boiling point of the organic solvent. The lipid mixture thus obtained could be quite easily hydrated and converted to liposomes possessing excellent trapping efficiency and trapped volume. The liposomes thus obtained was superior to that prepared by the freeze-dry or spray-dry method. The present method showed thus be readily applicable to industrial-scale production of liposomes.View full abstractDownload PDF (373K)
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