Two methods for the determination of the Bömer value comprising ethyl ether procedure and acetone procedure were studied collaboratively. Lard, beef tallow, and lard mixtures containing 5, 10, and 20% beef tallow, respectively, were used.
Good agreement between two methods was obtained for lard, beef tallow, and lard mixtures containing 5% and 10% beef tallow. However, in case of a lard mixture containing 20% beef tallow, the value determined by ethyl ether method was slightly higher than that by acetone method. Conclusively, from the practical viewpoint, the Bomer value can be determined by two methods.

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In order to examine the catalytic action of imidazole in nonaqueous solutions of nonionic surfactants, the pseudo-first-order rate constants (k_obs) for the reaction between p-nitrophenyl acetate and imidazole in carbon tetrachloride was measured as a function of the concentration of imidazole at fixed molar ratios (0.5, 1.0, 2.0) of imidazole to surfactants. By analyzing of k_obs-[Imidazole] profile obtained, the second and third rate constants (k_{2, m} and k_{3, m}) for imidazole monomer and the catalytic rate constant (k_A) for imidazole aggregates were obtained. Both k_{2, m} and k_A values increase with the increase in the molar ratio or the oxyethylene chain length of surfactants, but the increase is small for k_{2, m}. The catalytic action of imidazole in water solubilized into the imidazole/surfactant/CCl₄ systems is enhanced with decrease in polarity of the interior of aggregates.

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The solution behavior of ionic surfactant in brine and oil was studied in the presence of cosurfactant such as long-chain alcohol. In this system, ionic surfactant changes from lipophilic (oil-soluble) to hydrophilic (water-soluble) with increasing temperature. Hydrophile-lipophile property of ionic surfactant is just balanced at certain temperature (HLB-temperature) at which three-phase consisted of water, oil and surfactant phases appears. HLB-temperature goes up with increasing salt or cosurfactant contents whereas it decreases by using longer chain hydrocarbon (oil), or shorter chain cosurfactant. From these phenomena, Hydrophile-Lipophile-Balances of ionic surfactants were estimated. The order of hydrophilic ionic surfactants is R₈SO₃Na>R₈_??_SO₃Na>R₁₂OSO₃Na(R₁₂N(CH₃)₃Cl)>R₁₁COONa>R₁₅COONa>Aerosol OT.
The stability and the types of emulsion were also studied in these ionic surfactant system. The emulsion types change from W/O to O/W at HLB-temperature. The effect of temperature on the stability of emulison is reversed to that of nonionic surfactant system.

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The ¹H-NMR spectra of the acetyl derivatives of eleven sterols were measured in the presence of an up-field lanthanoide shift reagent (LSR), Ho(fod)₃, and the effects of the LSR on the methyl proton resonances were examined. Particularly remarkable results observed for the Ho(fod)₃-induced shift spectra were as follows: 1) the skeletal and side chain methyls were shifted to the opposite direction each other, 2) the C-26 and C-27 isopropyl methyls in 24(28)-methylene and 24(28)-ethylidene sterol acetates were rendered non-equivalent, and 3) 24α-and 24β-methyl sterol acetates could easily be differentiated each other.

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1, 1-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-acylhydrazines were obtained in high yields by oxyethylation of acylhydrazines containing C₁₂C₁₆ acyl group with ethylene oxide in a 2-propanol solution or in a molten state at 100140°C. The physical and spectral properties are reported.
As for the reaction examined here, the preferential fomation of RCONHNH(C₂H₄O)_nH was reported formerly. The predominance of this kind of polyoxyethylated compound, however, could not be detected in the present investigation.

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The reaction of 2, 5-dimethyl-2H-furan-3-one (1) with butyl vinyl ether catalysed by aluminium trichloride in acetic acid gave a mixture of 2-(1-buthoxyethyl)-2, 5-dimethyl-2H-furan-3-one (2) and 2-(2-buthoxyethyl)-2, 5-dimethyl-2H-furan-3-one (3) in yield of 30%.

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