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Volume 39, Issue 1
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Kazuo IGUCHI1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 2-9
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe isolation, structure elucidation, biological activities, total synthesis, and biosynthesis of the marine prostanoids such as clavulones, chlorovulones and punaglandins are described. These marine prostanoids have unique structural features and show strong antileukemic activities. Owing to their biosynthetic route which is different from those of the mammalian prostaglandins, the marine prostanoids are recognized as a new series of arachidonic acid cascade.View full abstractDownload PDF (1053K) -
Nobuyuki AOI1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 10-15
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSoy lysolecithin, an excellent emulsifier for food, has been prepared by pancreatic phospholipase A2-catalyzed hydrolysis of soy lecithin. The emulsion with soy lysolecithin is stable in various conditions, for example high temperature, acidic solution and high salt concentration. Soy lysolecithin is also a good solubilizer. The interaction between soy lysolecithin and protein is very strong.View full abstractDownload PDF (737K) -
Studies on Microbial Transformations (XXV)Mitsugi IIDA, Yasuyuki IWAMA, Shigeru MINEKI1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 16-22
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCholesterol oxidase produced by Rhodococcus equi MIL 1037 was purified from the supernatant solution of the culture broth by ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE- and CM-cellulose column chromatography, hydroxyapatite column chromatography and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration. The resulting enzyme was shown homogeneous by disc gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated as 48, 000 by SDS-gel electrophoresis. The enzyme contained 453 amino acid residues including 40 moles of alanine and 16 moles of tryptophan. The enzyme was specific to 3β-hydroxysteroids and its relative activity (RA) was 37. 5 for β-sitosterol, 25 for 5α-cholestan-3β-ol, 25 for pregnenolone and 0. 1 for stigmasterol on the basis of 100 for cholesterol. The Km value for the oxidation of cholesterol was 0.33 mM. The enzyme was inhibited by CuSO4, AgNO3 and HgCl2, and partially inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, but unaffected by metal chelating reagents.View full abstractDownload PDF (1248K) -
Restudying on the Previous PresumptionsShizuyiki OHTA, Yasuyuki SHIMIZU, Masahiro KINUGAWA, Kentaro TOSAKI, Y ...1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 23-28
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSilicone oil (SO) greatly increases the thermal oxidative stability of frying oils at high temperature. Our previous paper indicated SO to be concentrated both on the oil-air interface and oil-vessel interface.
To clarify the mechanism by which SO on the oil-air interface suppresses the thermal deterioration of frying oil, the following experiments were carried out.
1) The temperature of the air-oil interface was measured by a surface thermometer while heating the frying oil and was usually lower than that of the bulk in the fryer. The difference in temperatures of surface and bulk was considerable in oil with SO than in that without it. It thus appears that SO effectively slows down the convection current of frying oil.
2) Soybean oil, MCT and their mixtures were heated at 180°C and the degree of oil deterioration was estimated in terms of viscosity and carbonyl value in each case. The degree of deterioration was essentially the same for each oil. Same experiment with fish oil, MCT and their mixtures gave basically the same results.View full abstractDownload PDF (753K) -
Takeshi MORIGUCHI, Masakuni YOSHIHARA, Yoshiharu MATSUBARA, Toshihisa ...1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 29-32
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReactions of geraniol with TBHP in the presence of several metal oxides such as SiO2, TiO2, WO3, and V2O5 were carried out. V2O5 showed the high catalytic activity in epoxidation reactions. Allylic alcohols such as nerol, cinnamyl alcohol, trans, trans-farnesol, 1-hexen-3-ol, 1-octen-3-ol, (-) -carveol, and (±) -trans-p-menth-6-ene-2, 8-diol were also successfully epoxidized. No epoxidation took place on using geranyl acetate, citral, or cinnamyl acetate.View full abstractDownload PDF (508K) -
Preparation and Cyclization of N- (Perfluoroacy1) -N'- (2-Hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamineMasayoshi KITA, Ryoichi TATEMATSU, Shunsaku SAKAKIBARA, Shozo FUJII1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 33-37
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (641K) -
Toshiaki USHIKUSA, Takenori MARUYAMA, Isao NIIYA, Masakazu OKADA1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 38-41
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pyrolysis behavior of sucrose esters of fatty acids having different carbon numbers of acyl group and degrees of esterification was investigated by programmed thermogravimetry (TG). The thermostability of the sucrose esters was also evaluated from the initial temperature of weight reduction in programmed TG and decomposition time from the initial to 5% weight reduction on isothermal TG.
1) In the programmed TG of the sucrose esters, the initial temperature of the weight reduction increased with the number of carbons of the acyl group and decrease in the degree of esterification. Each sucrose ester showed unique pyrolysis behavior.
2) In the isothermal TG, the thermostability of the sucrose monoacyl esters showed no relation to the number of carbons of the acyl group, and thermostability increased in the order of C14<C12<C18<C16. An examination of the thermostability of sucrose esters differing in degree of esterification indicated the monoacyl esters to possess greater thermostability than di- and triacyl esters below 180°C. The triacyl esters, however, showed more thermostability than mono- and diacyl esters above 180°C. However, the thermostability of sucrose penta- and heptaacyl esters was markedly less than that of mono-, di- and triacylesters at any temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (621K) -
Hideo HATATE, Yoshimitsu NAGATA, Masayuki KOCHI1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 42-46
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBovine serum albumin hydrolyzates (BSA-H) were prepared by the hydrolysis of BSA with pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, or the combinations of these enzymes. In the presence of BSA-H, linoleic acid was oxidized in an ethanol-phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) system at 60°C in the dark, and the extent of lipid oxidation was measured by the ferric thiocyanate method.
The antioxidative activity of BSA-H depended on the degree of hydrolysis but not on the particular enzyme or enzyme combination used. The antioxidative activity of BSA-H, however, was not as strong as ordinary antioxidants such as butylhydroxyanisol, butylhydroxytoluene, α-tocopherol or sodium ascorbate.
BSA-H used with each antioxidant considerably enhanced in each case antioxidative activity, thus indicating BSA-H to be a useful synergists.
BSA-H prepared with pepsin was separated into several peaks by Sephadex G-25 chromatography, and a particular group, comprised of relatively high molecular weight polypeptides, showed strong synergistic effect with each antioxidant.View full abstractDownload PDF (628K) -
Hideo SAWADA, Kazuyo MASUYAMA, Masaharu NAKAYAMA1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 47-49
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (355K) -
Kyoichi OSADA, Koretaro TAKAHASHI, Mutsuo HATANO1990 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 50-52
Published: January 20, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: October 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hydrolysis and synthesis of icosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) rich oil by Lipase TOYO (Chromobacterium viscosum) were conducted.
EPA and DHA were found to be released from the glycerol moiety at a constant rate, and were incorporated, by the reverse reaction, into the glycerol moiety using Lipase TOYO.
The optimum water content and enzyme amount for synthesis of triglyceride were 0.93% and 200 units respectively. Under these conditions, using pure EPA as well as DHA as the substrate, 91. 3% of EPA and 94. 9% of DHA were incorporated into the glycerol moiety.View full abstractDownload PDF (321K)
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