Journal of Japan Oil Chemists' Society
Online ISSN : 1884-2003
ISSN-L : 0513-398X
Volume 37, Issue 9
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
  • Kunio KOGAMI
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 689-697
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Various novel fragrance and flavor compounds have been synthesized day by day.
    The inevitable demands on exploitation of new synthetic methods for these compounds are gradually increasing in response to the intense competition in worldwide.
    This review deals mainly with the recent trend of Japanese market and progress on interesting fragrance and flavor compounds.
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  • Seikoh HORIUCHI, Kyoko TAKADA, Yoshimasa MORINO
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 698-703
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Masahiko ABE, Katsunori INOUE, Hiroshi NISHINO, Kunihiro WATANABE, Kei ...
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 704-708
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Analysis of alkyl poly (oxyethylene) ethers was carried out by HPLC. Nonionic surfactants were well separated regardless of the distribution of the adducted number of ethylene oxides to give chromatographic peaks according to alkyl chain length under certain rigidly controlled eluent conditions. Moreover, the analytical sensitivity of nonionic surfactants with solvent extraction became 20 times without solvent extraction.
    This method should thus prove particularly suited for the analysis of nonionic surfactants in aqueous solution because in view of its simplicity and rapidity of performances.
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  • Teruhisa KANEKO, Kozo SHINODA
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 709-710
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The critical composition of a lecithin (containing 1.3 wt% H2O) -hexadecane-ethanol system (20°C) was studied. Lecithin is insoluble in hexadecane but swells considerably in hixadecane (99wt% of hexadecane in lecithin). The vapor pressure of a lecithin-ethanol solution was also studied. From the deviationof Raoult's law, lecithin was found to form aggregates in ethanol. These findings indicate distinct features of lecithin, rarely observed in other surfactants.
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  • Effects of Phospholipids on the Autoxidation and Dimerization of γ-and δ-Tocopherols under A.O.M. Conditions
    Tsuyoshi FUJITANI, Hisako ANDO
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 711-716
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Theeffects of phospholipids on the oxidative decompositionand dimerization of d-γ-tocopherol (γ-T) or d-δ-tocopherol (δ-T) during the autoxidation of methyl linoleate (Me-Li) or methyl laurate (Me-La) were investigated.
    The fatty acid methyl esters, which contained tocopherol (0.5 %) and one of following additives (0.01-0.5 %) were oxidized by air under A.O.M. conditions. The additives used in the experiments are as follows : phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) as phospholipids, tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP) as a model component of phosphate ester, and tri-n-octylamine (TOA) as that of a nitrogenous base. The amounts of tocopherol and its dimers formed in a reaction mixture were determined by HPLC.
    PC and PE improved the stability of the tocopherol monomer in Me-Li (Figs.-1 and 7) and suppressed the formation of its dimers (Figs.-2, 3, 8 and 9). The total amount of the tocopherol monomer and its dimers was constant regardless of the presence of phospholipids (Figs.-4 and 10). It is thus evident that phospholipids suppress the initial stage of the oxidation of tocopherol, in which tocopherol changes to its dimers, and that they also contribute to the regeneration of the tocopherol monomer from its dimers.
    TBP, by which the stability of tocopherol under the condition of the thermal oxidation was improved, promoted the oxidation of tocopherol (Figs.-1 and 7) and suppressed the dimerization of tocopherol (Figs.-2, 3, 8 and 9) under the autoxidative conditions of Me-Li. The oxidation of tocopherol in Me-Li was promoted by TOA at low concentration (0.01 %). The oxidative decomposition of tocopherol decreased with the concentration of TOA. However, TOA eventually suppressed the oxidation of tocopherol (Figs.-1 and 7) and formed mainly diphenylether type dimed (Figs.-2 and 8).
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  • Effects of Linoleic Acid Supplementation to Hardened Fish Oil on Lipid Compositions of Rat and Physical Properties of the Oil
    Takahisa OKAMOTO, Kenji CHIMI, Takenori MARUYAMA, Hiromu KANEMATSU, Is ...
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 717-725
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effect of supplementing linoleate as safflower oil was investigated in rats to determine the minimal requirements for amelioration of essential fatty acid deficiency caused by feeding hardened fish oil (HFO). Male rats were fed diets containing 20% HFO for 4 weeks. A portion of HFO was replaced stepwise with safflower oil (1, 3, 5 and 10%). The influence of the oil addition on the physical properties of HFO was also studied by measuring the melting point by 4 different methods and solid fat content (SFC) at 540°C.
    1) The melting points remained unchanged by the addition of safflower oil to ITFO at 10% or less, and the SFC at 540°C did not change essentially addition of the vegetable oil at 3% or less.
    2) The reduction of body weight gain in the HFO group may primarily have resulted from reduction of food intake since no significant change in food efficiency (weight gain/food intake) occurred even when safflower oil was supplemented.
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  • Masato NOMURA, Hidekazu TAKATA, Yoshihito FUJIHARA
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 726-730
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    (+) -2- (4-methyl-3-cyclohexenyl) propionaldehyde (2) as a component of bulgarian rose oil and (+) -2- (4-methyl-3-cyclohexenyl) allyl alcohol (3) were obtained by the oxidation of (+) -limonene (1) with lead tetraacetate. Using (2) and (3), new aromatic chemicals were synthesized.
    The reaction of (2), (+) -2- (4-methyl-3-cyclohexenyl) acrylaldehyde (5) with 1, 1-dimethyl-hydrazine gave (+) -2- (4-methyl-3-cyclohexenyl) propiononitrile (6a) and (+) -2- (4-methyl-3-cyclohexenyl) acrylonitrile (6b), respectively, with lds of 7275%. Acetals (9 a), (9 b), (9 c) and (9 d) were also obtained from (2) or (5) and trimethyl orthoformate or triethyl orthoformate.
    α, β-Unsaturated carboxylic acid (10) was synthesized via the condensation of aldehyde (5) with malonic acid. Alcohol (11) and esters (12 a), (12 b) (carbon numbers are C10C15) were synthesized from aldehyde (5) with C2C3 alcohols, and reduction with lithium aluminum hydride, Thesecompounds were evaluated on the basis of their odor : (6 a), (10), (12 a) emitted an odor that would qualify them for use as flavor materials.
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  • Akihiro SHISHIKURA, Kenshiro FUJIMOTO, Kunio ARAI, Shozaburo SAITO
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 731-735
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Extraction of antimicrobial substances from dried licorice powder with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was investigated to yield light color and high activity extract. Recovery of antimicrobial substances was very poor by extraction with pure SC-CO2, because of their low solubility in SC-CO2 owing to their high polarity. Supplementation of an entrainer to SC-CO2 permitted the extraction of antimicrobial substances. The extraction efficiency was closely correlated to the strength parameter of additive entrainers. The antimicrobial substances could be concentrated to more than twice the conventional acetone extract, and its color was appreciably improved.
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  • Masakazu YAMAOKA, Paichit CHANDRAWONG, Akio TANAKA
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 736-739
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Tocopherol analysis of bleached Thai rubberseed oil in dicated the presence of α-, β-, and δ-tocotrienols in the oil at 30, 165, and 4 μg/g, respectively.
    The tocotrienol composition of rubberseed oil, with a higher content of linolenic acid, should prove useful for detecting rubberseed oil in edible vegetable oils.
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  • Teruhisa KANEKO, Kozo SHINODA
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 740-741
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Microemulsions solubilizing large amounts of water and hexadecane were found present in a water/alcohol/lecithin/hexadecane system (20°C).
    The addition of ethanol and propanol lessened the hydrophobic effect between hydrocarbon chains of lecithin and water by changing the solvent properties of water and promoted the migration of lecithin molecules. Therefore, lecithin can easily swell in water and hexadecane, leading to the formation of a microemulsion (Organized one phase).
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  • Thermal Weight Reduction Behaviors of Household Margarines
    Toshiaki USHIKUSA, Takenori MARUYAMA, Isao NIIYA, Taro MATSUMOTO
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 742-745
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The thermal weight reduction characteristics of household margarines were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
    1) The weight reduction behavior of margarines with aqueous vaporization was observed to vary with the type of sample. In particular, aqueous vaporization in the type of margarine containing gas, or high content of water and protein was noted to start at lower temperature than that of the other types.
    2) The pyrolysis behavior of margarines after dehydration varied with the type of sample. In the case of the high linoleic soft type, weight gain with absorption of oxygen was observed and weight reduction in temperature range from 300°C to 400°C was slower than that of other types. TG curve of butter fat containing fat spread was more simple than those of the above samples. However, weight reduction appeared essentially the same in common soft and carton hard margarines since their fatty acid compositions were similar.
    3) The rate of weight reduction by the end of the isothermal step at 110°C was correlated to moisture content. From 250°C to 350°C, it was also correlated to the iodine value.
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  • Mitsuo OKAHARA, Araki MASUYAMA, Yasushi SUMIDA, Yun-Peng ZHU
    1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 746-748
    Published: September 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Disodium 1, 8-bis (alkyloxymethyl) -3, 6-dioxaoctane-1, 8-disulfates and disodium 5, 12-bis (alkyloxymethyl) - 4, 7, 10, 13-tetraoxahexadecane-1, 16-disulfonates (alkyl ; octyl or decyl) were prepared from 1, 8-bis (alkyloxymethyl) -3, 6-dioxaoctane-1, 8-diols obtained by reactions of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether with octyl or decyl alcohol. These new types of compounds showed excellent surface active properties in water.
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  • 1988 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 770
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: November 10, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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