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Volume 62 (2009)
- Issue 6 Pages 281-
- Issue 5 Pages 235-
- Issue 4 Pages 155-
- Issue 3 Pages 99-
- Issue 2 Pages 61-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Predecessor
Volume 62, Issue 3
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Reviews
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(2008’s JSNFS Award for Excellence in Research)Ikuo Ikeda2009 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 99-105
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe physiological functions and mechanisms of various food components that are thought to prevent atherosclerosis have been studied mainly in experimental animals. We found that plant stanols more effectively inhibit the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and exert stronger hypocholesterolemic activity than plant sterols. Plant sterols and stanols exert their cholesterol-lowering effect by inhibiting micellar solubility of cholesterol in the intestinal lumen. Tea catechins also inhibit intestinal cholesterol absorption. Catechins with a galloyl moiety bind to micellar cholesterol in the intestinal lumen, and hence hinder the micellar solubility of cholesterol. We showed that one possible reason for the prevention of postprandial hypertriacylglycerolemia by tea catechins is inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity. Docosahexaenoic acid more effectively lowered the arachidonic acid content in tissue phospholipid fractions than did eicosapentaenoic acid. We showed that prevention of postprandial hypertriacylglycerolemia by ingestion of fish oil rich in docosahexaenoic acid is possibly due to suppression of secretion of VLDL-triacylglycerol from the liver. These studies provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of functional foods.View full abstractDownload PDF (663K) -
(Young Investigator Award of the 2008’s JSNFS)Kaeko Murota2009 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 107-113
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe bioavailability of various nutrients and other food components essentially influences their health effects in vivo. Many intestinal events, such as digestion, formation of micelles, and uptake into enterocytes, play important roles in the regulation of bioavailability. Compared to hydrophilic nutrients such as amino acids and sugars, details of the absorption mechanism of lipophilic components remain to be elucidated. Using intestinal cultured cell lines and lymph-cannulated rats, we showed that dietary fat digestive products, long-chain fatty acids and 2-monoacylglycerol, were taken up into enterocytes via a common membrane-bound protein. We applied this approach to estimate the bioavailability of dietary flavonoids, which often possess strong affinity for lipid bilayers. Our final goal is to integrate these findings from both cell culture and experimental animals for estimating the bioavailability of various food components in humans.View full abstractDownload PDF (978K) -
(Young Investigator Award of the 2008’s JSNFS)Kiyotaka Nakagawa2009 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 115-122
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDespite an increasing number of nutritional studies on food constituents, there has been some difficulty in assessing their bioavailability in human studies. In many cases, biological evaluation has been limited by a lack of proper analytical methods. In this paper, analytical techniques for glycated lipids (newly suggested to be pathogenetic agents) and food components (e.g., tea catechins), for which micro-analysis has been shown to be difficult, were introduced, and their application to nutritional studies was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1092K)
Original Paper
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Rei Otsuka, Koji Tamakoshi, Hiroshi Shimokata, Hideaki Toyoshima, Hiro ...2009 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 123-129
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study examined the association of dietary habits or behavior with the incidence of metabolic syndrome (Mets) in 1857 Japanese male workers above 40 years of age 5 years after they were judged to be free from Mets in 1997. Dietary habits or behavior were surveyed using a questionnaire that included items on the frequency of intake of eggs, vegetables, fruits, confectionaries, milk, soft drinks, Japanese-, Chinese-, or Western-style food, meat or fish, eating out, and breakfast, as well as preference for salty and/or fatty foods and habit of eating to satiety. Among these 1857 men, 126 (6.8%) were judged to have Mets in 2002. After adjusting for age, smoking, drinking, physical activity and perceived mental stress, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a low incidence of Mets after 5 years was associated with higher milk consumption, abstention from food heavily seasoned with salt, soy-sauce or miso despite a preference for these tastes, preference for non-fatty tastes, and abstention from eating to satiety, respectively. In conclusion, taste preferences and conscious attention to eating habits may be associated with the incidence of metabolic syndrome.View full abstractDownload PDF (674K)
Research Note
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Katsumi Shibata, Ema Sugimoto, Junko Hirose, Tsutomu Fukuwatari2009 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages 131-135
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe content of vitamin B6 in breast milk measured by the microbiological method has been reported to be 1/2 of the value measured by the HPLC method. In order to confirm this discrepancy, the present experiment was performed. Saccharomyces carlsbergensis is a vitamin B6 auxotrophic yeast that cannot respond to the bound type of vitamin B6, such as pyridoxal 5´-phosphate, but only to the free form of vitamin B6. This discrepancy was found to be due to the fact that pyridoxal 5´-phosphate in breast milk had not been completely converted into the free type by the recommended acid hydrolysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (867K)
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