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Volume 64 (2011)
- Issue 6 Pages 367-
- Issue 5 Pages 291-
- Issue 4 Pages 207-
- Issue 3 Pages 127-
- Issue 2 Pages 83-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Predecessor
Volume 64, Issue 2
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Review
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(Young Investigator Award of JSNFS (2010))Ippei Yamaoka2011 Volume 64 Issue 2 Pages 83-89
Published: 2011
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnesthetics impair core body temperature (Tcore) homeostasis, resulting in a reduction of Tcore during surgery that is associated with a poorer postoperative outcome. We attempted to prevent such a decrease of Tcore in rats by infusion of a solution of amino acids (AAs) during anesthesia. The infusion enhanced muscle protein synthesis accompanied by obvious increases in plasma insulin and translation initiation activities in comparison with the conscious state. The increased plasma insulin contributed to the linkage acceleration of muscle protein synthesis, themogenesis and heat storage by AAs. The AAs also enhanced myofibrillar protein breakdown. These findings provide supportive evidence for the connection that enhancement of protein turnover by AAs contributes to Tcore modification. Branched chain amino acids play an important role in heat accumulation, and isoleucine then contributes to control of glucose and energy metabolism. We also demonstrated that dietary protein modulates circadian Tcore fluctuation differently in rats during the dark and light phases. These findings suggest that AAs contribute considerably to Tcore modification, which is an important vital sign.View full abstractDownload PDF (1237K)
Original Papers
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Shunsuke Ito, Hisako Kamifuku, Eriko Tada, Meiko Yokoyama, Yukiko Koba ...2011 Volume 64 Issue 2 Pages 91-98
Published: 2011
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInsulin has a well-known regulatory effect on lipolysis. Although many insulin injection studies have been conducted on rats, to date, none have shown that insulin induces visceral fat obesity. The present study was conducted to validate a new animal model of visceral fat obesity induced by the chronic administration of insulin. Female rats were injected subcutaneously with insulin at a dose of 0 (0 I), 8 (8 I), 16 (16 I), or 32 (32 I) IU/kg BW/day for 12 weeks. The survival rate (29%) of rats that received 32 I was significantly decreased in comparison with those that received the 0 I, 8 I, and 16 I (100%). Body weight and the food consumption increased along with insulin doses and the body protein ratio in the 8 I group was increased significantly, compared with that in the 0 I and 16 I groups. The total visceral fat mass and body fat ratio in the 16 I group were also increased significantly in comparison, with that in the 0 I and 8 I groups. These results demonstrate that chronic administration of insulin at a dose of 16 IU/kg BW/day induced visceral fat obesity, thus showing validating this, new animal model of visceral fat obesity induced by insulin.View full abstractDownload PDF (790K) -
Etsuko Muraki, Chisato Matsuoka, Rina Oikawa, Shinobu Sato, Hiroshige ...2011 Volume 64 Issue 2 Pages 99-106
Published: 2011
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the preventive efficacy of dietary fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) on diet-induced metabolic disorder in normal SD rats. The diets employed were a standard diet (STD) and a high-fat high-sucrose (HFS) diet, both with or without fenugreek. Normal SD rats fed the HFS diet containing fenugreek showed a lower body weight gain, energy efficiency ratio and white adipose tissue weight than normal SD rats fed the STD diets. In the groups fed the fenugreek-containing diets, total cholesterol levels in the liver were lower, whereas excretion of total bile acids into the feces was increased. However, fenugreek had no significant effect on glucose tolerance. These results suggest that fenugreek inhibits body weight gain through an increase of lipid excretion into feces, and prevention of lipid accumulation in the liver and white adipose tissue in normal rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (1141K)
Research Note
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Reiko Aramaki, Tomoko Hirouchi, Atsushi Sato2011 Volume 64 Issue 2 Pages 107-111
Published: 2011
Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNutritional education is aimed at increasing the intake of vegetables. It is important for people to grasp the target quantity of vegetable intake and the concept of daily vegetable intake requirements. We studied the perceptions of Japanese people with regard to the items commonly recognized as vegetables, and those that are defined as vegetables in the Standard Food Composition Tables in Japan. We then examined the influence of any differences in this perception on daily vegetable intake. We chose 25 vegetable items and 15 non-vegetable items from the Standard Tables, and asked the study subjects which of these 40 items they regarded asvegetables or non-vegetables. The correct answer rate for vegetables was 93.6% and that for non-vegetables was 57.8%. The food that hadthe lowest correct answer rate was potato at 14.9%. We measured the weight of food used for side dishes in 78 kinds of commercial lunch and classified them. The food items that people recognized as vegetables were 21% higherthan the weight of the vegetables in the lunch.View full abstractDownload PDF (594K)
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