Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1883-2849
Print ISSN : 0287-3516
ISSN-L : 0287-3516
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Volume 67, Issue 3
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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Review
  • Food Function Study of Obesity and Fat Energy Metabolism
    (JSNFS Award for Excellence in Research (2013))
    Teruo Kawada
    2014 Volume 67 Issue 3 Pages 119-125
    Published: 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.67.119
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We performed basic studies aimed at the prevention and improvement of obesity and lifestyle-related disease, focusing on the nuclear receptor, which is the master regulator of adipocyte formation and energy metabolism. Our findings indicated that farnesyl pyrophosphate, which is the precursor of almost all isoprenoids, might function as an endogenous peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ agonist and regulate gene expression in adipocytes. In addition, it was revealed that insulin resistance evoked by an inflammatory reaction in adipose tissue was ameliorated by food ingredients, and that this inflammation reaction participated in resistance to browning of adipocytes. The findings are discussed with reference to the association between obesity-related diseases and food ingredients in conjunction with energy metabolism.
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Original Papers
  • Association of Serum CK18 M30 Antigen Level with Food Intake in Middle-aged Japanese Men
    Shiori Sugawara, Takemi Akahane, Kennichi Fukui, Ikuyo Tsukamoto
    2014 Volume 67 Issue 3 Pages 127-135
    Published: 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.67.127
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Serum cytokeratin 18 (CK18) fragment M30-antigen (M30) has been reported to be a useful indicator for distinguishing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from normal or simple fatty liver, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the development and progression of NAFLD and dietary intake by using the serum M30 level as an indicator of NAFLD. Serum M30 levels, clinical characteristics, dietary intakes, and plasma fatty acid compositions were examined in 162 middle-aged Japanese men whose alcohol consumption was ＜20 g/day. The trends test showed that the serum M30 level was positively associated with BMI, serum AST, serum ALT, HOMA-IR, carbohydrate intake and delta 9 desaturase (D9D) index. Multivariate analysis showed that an increased M30 level was significantly associated with cereal intake and D9D index, and that the D9D index was related to carbohydrate intake. These findings suggest that the development and progression of NAFLD are due to an increase of carbohydrate intake, leading to a change in fatty acid metabolism, followed by an increase in the M30 level.
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  • Increase of the Plasma Trans-fatty Acid Level in Middle-aged Japanese Men with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    Mayumi Tabuchi, Kayoko Tomioka, Makoto Hiramatsu, Tatsuya Itoshima, Ik ...
    2014 Volume 67 Issue 3 Pages 137-143
    Published: 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.67.137
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Trans-fatty acid (TFA) has been recognized as a risk factor for diseases such as dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. However, the effects of serum TFA levels on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we analyzed the TFA composition of plasma phospholipids in Japanese men to examine the relationship between TFA and NAFLD. In the NAFLD group, the plasma levels of linoelaidic acid (9t,12t-C18:2) were significantly higher than in the control group, while significantly lower index levels of delta 5 desaturase (D5D) , which catalyzes the conversion of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid to arachidonic acid, were observed. The level of linoelaidic acid showed a significant positive correlation with the serum levels of cytokeratin (CK) 18 M30 antigen, a parameter of apoptosis, and M65 antigen and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , which are parameters of liver cell necrosis. Furthermore, linoelaidic acid was negatively correlated with the D5D index. These results suggest that increases in the plasma phospholipid TFA levels, especially linoelaidic acid, reflect changes in lipid metabolism followed by hepatic necrosis and apoptosis in NAFLD.
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