A case of intraoral pemphigus vulgaris treated with gold sodium thiomalate following systemic corticosteroid therapy was presented.
The patient was a 52-year-old woman. She was referred to our hospital complaining of pain in the pharynx and difficulty in eating due to oral ulcerations and diagnosed as having pemphigus vulgaris clinically and histologically. She was treated in hospital with systemic corticosteroid therapy. Her oral lesions resolved a little, although they continued. Therefore, the patient was given up to 30 mg predonisone daily on average. Her antiepitherial antibody titer was 60 dilutions at the time gold sodium thiomalate therapy was begun. After the patient had received 1, 385 mg of gold sodium thiomalate, she was free of lesions. Systemic administration of corticosteroids was stopped.

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The stabilities of the vitamin B₁ derivative, cocarboxylase (TDP), in eighteen amino acid infusions were investigated by HPLC and the contents of sulfite and sulfate ions in the amino acid infusions were determined by isotachophoresis. We also investigated the relationship between the stability of TDP and the concentration of sulfite ion in amino acid infusions. The results obtained were as follows.
1) There were remarkable differences in the stability of TDP among the amino acid infusions tested. The residual amount of TDP after 24 h in the most stable case was 86% for Amiyu^®, and those in the most labile cases were 28% and 23% for Kylit^® AS and Teruamino^®-12X, respectively.
2) TDP was stable in 0.1 N phosphate buffer (pH 3.0-7.0) in the absence of sodium bisulfite (SBS) . TDP decomposed in the presence of SBS (0.01%), and the rate of decomposition of TDP depended on both the pH of the buffer solution and the concentration of SBS. The decomposition of TDP was accelerated the most in buffer solution around pH 6.0.
3) There were the remarkable differences in the concentration of sulfite ion among the amino acid infusions tested. The highest content of initial sulfite among them was 104 mM in Teruamino^®-12X, while the lowest was 0.98 mM in Klinitamin^®. In general, most amino acid infusions contained SBS at 2-4 mM.
4) A relationship between the stability of TDP and the concentration of SBS in amino acid infusions was not revealed, however the decomposition of TDP in amino acid infusions was assumed to be accelerated by the combination of pH of amino acid infusions and the concentration of sulfite ion in amino acid infusions.

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In order to clinically review the efficacy, safety and feeling of patients with aspect to the use of YN-102 (a newly-developed thin double-layer film containing corticosteroid for application to the oral cavity), clinical trials were carried out at First and Second Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, First and Second Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University and Department of Oral Surgery, Kanagawa Dental College for six months between October 1987 and March 1988 in clinical cases of chronic recurrent aphtha or aphthous stomatitis. The following results were obtained.
1) Of the total 47 cases, there were 19 males and 28 females. The 20 to 29 year group (15 cases) and the 40 to 49 year group (10 cases) were the largest in number.
2) Average number of days from onset of disease to consultation was 3. 61, average administration-days 4.77 and average number of disease-days 9.27.
3) With respect to improvement of clinical observations, improvement of contact pain was 91.3% (42/46), improvement of pain at meals 91.3% (42/46), alleviation of flare 77.8 % (35/45), and reduced size of the lesion was 76.1% (35/46) .
4) Overall clinical effect was favorable with an effective rate of 87.2% (41/47) . Clinical effects by disease were 87.1% (27/31) for chronic recurrent aphtha and 87.5% (14/16) for aphthous stomatitis.
5) Rate of usefulness, including “very useful” and “useful” cases was as high as 89.4% (42/47) .
6) Side effects were not reported in any of these cases.
7) With respect to the feeling of the patients, 93.6% of the patients felt “convenient and ordinary” for“convenient to use, ”95.7% felt“no pain or a little pain”for“pain in application, ”100% had“no specific feeling or a slight feeling of a foreign body”for“feeling of adhesion”and 95.7% responded that YN-102“adhered to the lesion for more than 30 minutes”for “duration of adhesion.”These results suggest superior pharmaceutical properties of this product.
8) It is collectively considered from the above results that YN-102 is a useful drug for the treatment of aphthous stomatitis due to its accurate effect, high safety and the favorable responses made by the patients.

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Using 8 samples chosen from typical dental temporary filling materials, the changes in their weight in deionized water (pH 6.5) with the passage of time were studied to determine how the weights of the materials change after being applied orally for temporary filling. It was found that the fluctuation of weight was the smallest with zinc-eugenol paste followed by temporary stopping, copper sealing cement and hydraulic temporary sealer in increasing order. Hydraulic temporary sealer showed marked fluctuations according to the brand used.

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In an attempt to define objectively the optimal dosage schedule of NY-198 for infections in the oral surgical field we evaluated the efficacy, safety and usefulness of the compound by a double-blind method in two different dosage groups, 600 mg/day (in 3 divided doses) and 400 mg/day (in 2 divided doses) . These doses had produced the most appropriate results in open clinical trials. The study involved patients with periodontal infections, pericoronitis or osteitis of the jaw. The following results were obtained.
1) Clinical efficacy (Physician's judgement) : There were 58 patients in the 400 mg group and 61 patients in the 600 mg group. The efficacy rates were 75.9% and 86.9%, respectively. When classified by diagnosis, the efficacy rates were 75.9% for the 400 mg group and 96.0% for the 600 mg group for periodontal infections, 66.7% for the 400 mg group and 83.3% for the 600 mg group for pericoronitis, and 82.4% for the 400 mg group and 79.2% for the 600 mg group for osteitis of the jaw. Although there was no significant differences between the two dosage groups, the efficacy rates in the groups with periodontal infection and pericoronitis tended to be higher in the 600 mg group than in the 400 mg group.
2) Clinical efficacy (Judgement based on points) : The efficacy rates for both the 400 mg group (58 patients) and the 600 mg group (61 patients) were similar at 81.0% and 80.3%, respectively. When classified by the diagnosis, the efficacy rates were 86.2% for the 400 mg group and 92.0% for the 600 mg group for periodontal infections, 66.7% for both the 400 mg and 600 mg group with pericoronitis, and 82.4% for the 400 mg group and 75.0% for the 600 mg group for osteitis of the jaw. There were no significant differences between the two dosage groups. Stratified analysis for individual background factors and infection type did not demonstrate any significant difference between the two dosage groups.
3) Safety : Side effects occurred in 3 patients from each of the two dosage groups, while abnormal changes in laboratory data were observed in 1 patient from each of the two dosage groups. There was no significant differences between the two dosage groups.
4) Usefulness: NY-198 was rated as useful in 70.7% for the 400 mg group (58 patients) and 85.5% for the 600 mg group (62 patients) : the compound tended to be more useful in the 600 mg group than in the 400 mg group. It was thus confirmed from these results that NY-198 was more useful for infections in the oral surgical field of the dosage schedule of 200 mg 3 times a day.

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We carried out a basic study on T3262. One hundred and fifty milligram of T3262 were administered to 8 healthy volunteers, and blood level and saliva penetration were investigated under 2 conditions, fasting and non fasting.
A pharmacokinetic study was performed using a one compartment model. The parameters calculated were as follows :
Blood Saliva
Fasting Non fasting Fasting Non fasting
T_max (h) 1.51 1.35 1.88 1.76
C_max (μg/ml) 0.61 0.66 0.37 0.49
T_1/2 (h) 3.11 3.86 4.08 4.48
AUC (μg⋅ml/h) 3.65 4.54 2.88 4.01

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Chemotherapy with 2g of tegafur suppository (Sunfural^® rectal capsules) was performed in 20 cases with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The clinical and histological effects, blood level and side effects were examined.
The results obtained were as follows ;
1) The overall response rate was 37.5% with 6 cases having a partial response (≥50% regression) .
2) Histological grading of the primary tumor according to Shimosato et al. was from grade I to IVC.
3) Blood levels were examined in 6 cases, and the mean level of tegafur and 5-FU 4 h after administration of 1 g of tegafur suppository were 34.2 μg/ml and 80.1 ng/ml, respectively.
4) Side effects were observed in 72.2% of the cases.

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This study was carried out in order to examine the effects of a low calcium environment on the histological appearance and incorporation of [³⁵S] sulfate in the mandibular condyle of neo-natal rat mandible in organ culture.
The mandibulae of 1-day-old Wistar strain rats were cultured for 8 days in normal and low calcium culture medium (BGJ_b), the culture medium was changed every other day. The calcium concentration was 7.47±0.18 (n=10) mg/dl in the normal culture medium (control group) and 1.19±0.08 (n=10) mg/dl in low calcium (experimental group) . [³⁵S] -sulfate (1 μCi/ml) was added to the culture medium at 6 days and the culture was incubated for a further 2 days to examine the incorporation of [³⁵S] sulfate into mandibular condylar cartilage (M.C.C.) . After culturing, the histological appearance was examined. For the incorporation of [³⁵S] sulfate into mandibular condylar cartilage, the mandibular condyle was homogenized and centrifuged, the precipitate was then dissolved with NCS tissue solubilizer and the radioactivity was measured.
The size of the mandibular condyle in the experimental group was greater than that in the control group. The mandibular condyle in experimental group showed a more roundish shape than that in the control group. The amount of chondroitin sulfate in M.C.C. increased in the experimental group more than that in control group. This increase in M.C.C. in the experimental group was not seen in heat-inactivated M.C.C.
From these facts, the size of mandibular condyle in a low calcium environment became larger in vitro, suggesting that one of factors of this phenomenon was due to the increase of chondroitin sulfate production by chondrocyte.

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