Introduction: Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve that recurs unilaterally or bilaterally. The risks of inflammation are reportedly 28% and 35% at 5 and 10 years, respectively.
Purpose: This study aimed to describe the patient characteristics for recurrent optic neuritis (RNN).
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed on 473 patients with optic neuritis at the Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung, from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020. The collected data comprised age, sex, laterality, visual acuity, funduscopic examination, color vision, contrast sensitivity, visual field examination, previous treatment, etiology, recurrence interval, and visual function improvement after 1-month follow up.
Results: Forty patients had recurrent optic neuritis, including 25 women and 15 men, 80% being 20-59 years old. Furthermore, bilateral presentation was observed in 52.5% of the patients. The most common etiology was infection, which accounted for 57.5% of the patients. Fundoscopic examination revealed optic disc swelling in 55.8% of patients, whereas the color vision test revealed dyschromatopsia in 60.7%. Decreased contrast sensitivity and diffuse visual field defects were found in 34.3% and 19.8%, respectively. Moreover, 65% had a 1-year recurrence interval. Additionally, 55% had received prior intravenous corticosteroid therapy, and their visual acuity improved by 68.9% after 1-month of follow up.
Conclusion: Recurrent optic neuritis occurred 1 year after the first attack and was more frequent in women with a median age of 28 years. This condition is common in patients with systemic infection and bilateral presentation, and in those previously treated with intravenous corticosteroids, which may improve visual outcomes.
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