We report two infants of inapparent congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection accompanied by sensorineural hearing loss. In both patients, this impairment was bilateral and of significant magnitude.
Patient 1. A female infant was born at 35 weeks of gestation and weighed 1516 g at birth. She was in good condition. On admission, the serum IgM level was 31 mg/dl in the laboratory examination. Virological studies revealed significantly elevated anti-CMV IgM antibody titers and CMV was isolated from the urine. Maternal serological investigation revealed positivity for anti-CMV IgM antibody.
Patient 2. A male infant was born at 36 weeks of gestation and weighed 1800 g at birth. He was in good condition. Hepatosplenomegaly was noticed at 35 days after birth and anti-CMV IgM antibody was detected in the serum. CMV was isolated from the urine at 50 days after birth. Maternal serological investigation revealed negative anti-CMV IgM antibody. However, the serum of the mother was seropositive to anti-CMV IgG antibody at 32 weeks of gestation.
Recently, it was reported that the maternal seropositive rate of C MV antibody had decreased significantly in Japan, which may be responsible for the high incidence of congenital cytomegalovirus infection.
Therefore, we should establish a diagnostic procedure for congenital CMV infection to enable the discovery of congenital sensorineural hearing loss.
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