Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan
Online ISSN : 1883-7239
Print ISSN : 0386-6157
ISSN-L : 0386-6157
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Volume 43, Issue 9
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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  • Globalization of Symposium on Powder Science and Technology
    Woo Sik Choi
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 623
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.623
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Evaluations of Structures of Frenkel Defects and Ionic Conduction at Crystal Interfaces Using MD Simulations
    Ken Noda, Kazunori Kadota, Yoshiyuki Shirakawa, Atsuko Shimosaka, Jusu ...
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 624-632
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.624
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    It is important to realize high ionic conduction for the practical use of solid state electrolytes. In order to increase the mobility of carrier ions in the electrolytes, investigation on the ionic diffusion mechanisms is necessary from the atomic point of view. We have studied the relationships between the ionic diffusion and the polycrystalline CuCl and NaCl structures at interfaces or grain boundaries using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
    The simulation results showed the partial ionic diffusion rapidly increases in the vicinity of the interfaces of CuCl grains and that the structure is disordered near the interfaces. They also showed that the ionic diffusion near (100)-(100) interface is very intensive compared to any other interfaces. The ionic diffusion in CuCl is more intensive than that in NaCl, and it is greatly dependent on the structures at the interface. It is expected the conductivity will increase by controlling the interface structures.
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  • Evaluation of Molecular States of Salicylic Acid in 71- and 81-Amylose Complexes
    Kunikazu Moribe, Kenjirou Higashi, Yuichi Tozuka, Keiji Yamamoto
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 633-639
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.633
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    Molecular states of salicylic acid (SA) in amylose complexes prepared by sealed-heating were investigated. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the possibility of the inclusion formation due to the structural change in amylose from a 61-helix, which designates six glucose units per helical turn, to a 71-helix and an 81-helix depending on the concentration of guest molecules. Carbon thirteen solid state cross-polarization and magic angle spinning NMR spectra showed that the molecular states of SA in the 71-helix and 81-helix amylose complexes were similar to those in β-cyclodextrin (CD) and γ-CD inclusion complexes, respectively. It was concluded that one SA molecule was included in the cavity of one unit of amylose helix for the 71-helix amylose complex and two SA molecules for the 81-helix amylose complex.
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  • Improvement in Dissolution Property of Poorly Water-soluble Drugs by Using Mechanofusion System
    Yoshiro Nagai, Hiromitsu Yamamoto, Hirofumi Takeuchi
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 640-647
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.640
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    The dissolution property of poorly water-soluble drug, indomethacin, was improved by using a ball mill or a mechanofusion device. Co-grinded samples with indomethacin loading higher than 80% were prepared by mixing it with several additives. The highest dissolution rate of indomethacin was attained for the drug dispersion prepared with magnesium aluminomethasilicate (Neusilin) and additives such as PEG6000, sorbitol, mannitol.
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  • Direct Compaction of Poorly Compactable Pharmaceutical Powders with Spray-dried HPC-L
    Shinji Tanimura, Hiroyoshi Kawazoe, Hiromitsu Yamamoto, Hirofumi Takeu ...
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 648-652
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.648
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    The binding effect of hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC-L) in direct compaction of pharmaceutical powders was evaluated. Several types of HPC-L particles having different properties were tested in direct compaction of poorly compactable powders, erythritol and ascorbic acid.When the particle size of HPC-L in the tablet formulation was decreased, the hardness of resultant tablet increased. In comparing the spray-dried HPC-L and the freeze-ground one, the spray-dried HPC-L showed higher tablet hardness although their particle sizes were comparable. The different binding effects of these powders were attributed to the more spherical shape and smoother surface of spray-dried particle. The hardness of tablet containing 2% of the fine spray-dried particles was significantly higher than that containing 10% of commercial HPC-L. Thus, the fine HPC-L particles prepared with spray-drying is one of the most suitable binders in direct compression.
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  • Selective Immobilization of Aceticlastic Methanogens to Support Material
    Toshiyuki Nomura, Takanori Nagao, Akinori Yoshihara, Hayato Tokumoto, ...
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 653-659
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.653
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    The effect of electrostatic and hydrophobic properties of microorganisms in anaerobic sludge on the immobilization onto support materials was experimentally studied. As a result, Methanosaeta concilii which is the most popular aceticlastic methanogen was electrically neutral and hydrophobic. Methanosarcina barkeri of a methyltrophic methanogen and acidogens cultivated selectively from the anaerobic sludge were negatively charged and hydrophobic. In addition, the immobilized microorganisms on support materials were incubated with sodium acetate. It was found that the methanogens were significantly immobilized onto bamboo charcoal in contrast to hydrophilic alumina. It was also shown that Methanosaeta-like microorganism is immobilized to bamboo charcoal. These experimental results suggest that the hydrophobic and negatively charged support material is suitable for the selective immobilization of Methanosaeta sp., which is the most important microorganism in the methane fermentation, by suppressing the immobilization of the microorganisms other than Methanosaeta sp.
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  • Effects of Particle Circulation and Residence Time on Coating Efficiency in a Circulating Fluidized Bed
    Yoshihide Mawatari, Akihito Nitta, Wataru Miyamoto, Masato Yamamura, H ...
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 660-665
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.660
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    Coating of glass beads with silica powder was carried out using a circulating fluidized bed. Glass beads and silica powder were chosen because they were almost spherical in shape. In this paper, the effect of riser height on the coating efficiency was mainly discussed. Coating efficiency in circulating fluidized bed coater was a function of the residence time of core particles in the riser when the residence time was relatively short. On the other hand, when the residence time was longer, the coating efficiency was a function of the circulation time of particles.
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  • Particle Classification Performance of Hydro-cyclone with Forced-vortex Type
    Yumi Norimoto, Kunihiro Fukui, Hideto Yoshida
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 666-675
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.666
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    The effects of top plate rotation of hydro-cyclone on particle classification performance were studied experimentally and via a simulation study. It was found that the cut size of hydro-cyclone decreases as the rotation speed of the top plate increases. The sharpness of classification of cyclone with top plate rotation was increased in a wide range of operational conditions compared to the Yoshioka type hydro-cyclone.
    Newly proposed type-D cyclones with a special plate gave the smallest cut size with a high accuracy in classification. The increase in classification sharpness was attributed to the occurance of outward flow near the top plate, which was also confirmed with the CFD simulation. The type-E cyclone with rotation of cylindrical pipe also gave smaller cut size compared to the standard cyclone.
    The computer simulation was found to give qualitative agreement with the experimental results.
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  • Application of MgO-C Brick to Ruhrstahl Heraus Lower Vessel
    Byung Ro Yoon, Joon Il Bae, Jae Nyeung Huh, Woo Sik Choi
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 676-681
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.676
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    In order to improve the characteristics of MgO-C brick applied to RH lower vessel, several originally-prescribed specimens were prepared by changing the amount of additives with different size distributions. These specimens were tested on their durabilities with an experimental rotary type electric furnace and a practical 2RH in a manufacturing line. Following are the major results:
    1) Specimens prepared with 3-7% expanded carbon and anti-oxidation agents exhibited excellent spalling durability.
    2) Specimens containing both metallic Al and metallic Si had higher elasticity than those containing only metallic Al and those with a higher Si content retained excellent durability against corrosion and oxidation.
    3) Corrosion at a high temperature was suppressed by removing SiC from the low C-content MgO-C specimen.
    4) Durability against spalling was improved by shifting the size distribution of specimen from fine one to coarse one.
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  • Preparation Methods of Polymer Microspheres by Environmental-benign Process
    Hidekazu Yoshizawa
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 682-688
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.682
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    There are many factors that significantly influence the environment during the preparation of polymer colloids such as polymer microspheres and polymer microcapsules. In this paper, the outline of green sustainable chemistry is presented. Subsequently, our experimental studies aiming at the development of environmental-benign processing for the preparation of polymer colloids by emulsion polymerization and dispersion polymerization are discussed.
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  • A Footmark of the Symposium on Powder Science and Technology until Crossing over the Sea
    Shigeki Toyama
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 689-691
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.689
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  • Study on Mechanism of Spray Drying Granulation of Dispersed Slurry
    Hironori Minoshima
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 692
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.692
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  • Report of Nishi-nihon Branch
    Toshihiko Umekage
    2006 Volume 43 Issue 9 Pages 694
    Published: September 10, 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: April 30, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.43.694
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