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Volume 64 (2011)
- Issue 6 Pages 367-
- Issue 5 Pages 291-
- Issue 4 Pages 207-
- Issue 3 Pages 127-
- Issue 2 Pages 83-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Predecessor
Volume 64, Issue 6
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Reviews
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(JSNFS Award for Excellence in Research (2011))Hiroshi Hara2011 Volume 64 Issue 6 Pages 367-376
Published: 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNon-digestible saccharides have an important function in the gastrointestinal lumen, and some peptides are also important food ingredients that exert beneficial actions. These food components have physiological roles as signaling molecules for prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. Non-digestible saccharides promote calcium and iron absorption via tight junctions in the small intestine and affect colonic fermentation. Non-digestible saccharides also enhance the bioavailability of flavonoid glycosides and promote the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium via colonic fermentation. Resistant peptides directly stimulate enteroendocrine cells in the epithelium, and increase the secretion of the appetite-suppressive gut hormone, cholecystokinin. We characterized an effective internal peptide in a soybean protein, β-conglycinin, and also clarified the molecular mechanism responsible for recognition of the food peptide by enteroendocrine cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (1089K) -
(Young Investigator Award of JSNFS (2011))Yoshiyuki Mizushina2011 Volume 64 Issue 6 Pages 377-384
Published: 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSelective inhibitors of mammalian DNA polymerase (pol) species were screened from food components and nutrients to find novel bioactivities. The glycolipid fraction in the classes of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG) from spinach selectively inhibited the activities of DNA-replicative pols α, δ and ε, suppressed human cancer cell growth, and showed in vivo anti-tumor activity. Curcumin, a major polyphenol in food, selectively inhibited the activity of human polλ, which is a DNA repair-related pol, but had no effect on ten other mammalian pols tested. Curcumin is known to have anti-inflammatory activity, and this compound inhibited tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), showing the same tendency as inhibition of polλ protein expression, in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7. The relationship between polλ inhibition and anti-inflammation is discussed. In conclusion, food components and nutrients that show selective inhibitory activity on mammalian pol species might be useful as scientific evidence-based healthy functional foods with anti-cancer or anti-inflammation properties.View full abstractDownload PDF (1071K)
Original Papers
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Effects of Amount and Chemical Form of Supplemental Calcium on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in KK MiceChiemi Yamanaka, Sachie Ikegami, Seiichiro Aoe2011 Volume 64 Issue 6 Pages 385-391
Published: 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the effects of the amount and chemical form of supplemental calcium on abdominal fat accumulation in KK mice. Three groups of KK/Ta mice were fed a 0.5% Ca diet supplemented with either CaCO3 (NC) or milk calcium (MC), or a 0.1% Ca diet supplemented with CaCO3 (LC), respectively. Final body weight and food efficiency ratio in the LC group were significantly higher than in the NC and MC groups. Liver lipid accumulation was significantly higher in the LC group than in the NC and MC groups. Blood glucose and serum insulin and leptin levels were significantly higher in the LC group than in the NC and MC groups. Serum PTH levels were significantly lower in the MC group than in the LC group. Abdominal fat weight was significantly increased in the LC group compared to those in the NC and MC groups. These results indicate that low Ca intake enhances abdominal fat accumulation, possibly by causing excess secretion of insulin. However, no marked differences were observed between milk Ca and CaCO3 supplementation in terms of abdominal fat accumulation.View full abstractDownload PDF (656K) -
Shoko Iwamoto, Katsuyoshi Sunaga, Sonoko Harada, Atsuko Ohkubo, Tadash ...2011 Volume 64 Issue 6 Pages 393-401
Published: 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, with increasing interest in the cancer-preventive effects of complementary and alternative medicine (CAMs) including functional foods and herbs, their use as health foods has been increasing among cancer patients. Although the antitumoral or cytotoxic activities of CAMs have been well examined, little is known about possible interactions between foods used as CAMs and chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of ethyl acetate extracts of eight foods or herbs commonly used by cancer patients on the antitumor activity of doxorubicin (DOX), melphalan (L-PAM) or methotrexate (MTX), were investigated in the hepatoma cell line HepG2. The reduction of cell number induced by L-PAM was inhibited by citrus unshiu peel, spinach or green tea extracts, and also the reduction in cell number induced by DOX was inhibited by citrus unshiu peel, broccoli or green tea extracts.View full abstractDownload PDF (708K) -
Yuko Yamazaki, Sadako Nakamura, Fumio Shimura, Tsuneyuki Oku2011 Volume 64 Issue 6 Pages 403-413
Published: 2011
Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the fate and utilization of D-tagatose (TAG), the maximum permissive dosage (MPD) of TAG for osmotic diarrhea was determined, together with blood glucose and insulin levels, the urinary excretion and blood concentration of TAG, and breath hydrogen excretion after TAG ingestion. The MPD of TAG was 0.25 g/kg b.w., and similar to that of sorbitol. When 5 g or 10 g of TAG was ingested, approximately 2% of the TAG was excreted into urine during 6 h, but no TAG was detected in blood. Blood glucose and insulin levels were unaffected by TAG ingestion. Breath hydrogen excretion was detectable after ingestion of 10 g, but not 5 g of TAG. The level of excretion was clearly less than that after ingestion of 5 g of fructooligosaccharide (FOS), and the initiation of excretion was comparatively delayed. Furthermore, TAG was scarcely decomposed in cultures of human feces. These results demonstrate that after ingestion of 10 g of TAG, about 5 g of it is absorbed from the small intestine, and approximately 2% of the ingested TAG is excreted into urine. It is suggested that any TAG not absorbed from the small intestine is slowly metabolized to volatile fatty acids by intestinal microbes to produce energy. The estimated available energy of TAG was 2 kcal/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (1082K)
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