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Volume 24 (1991)
- Issue 6 Pages 545-
- Issue 5 Pages 449-
- Issue 4 Pages 377-
- Issue 3 Pages 269-
- Issue 2 Pages 135-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 24, Issue 3
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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TARCISIO NIGLIO, MARIA GRAZIA CAPORALI, ALBERTO RICCI, ARSENIA SCOTTI ...1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 269-275
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe existence of possible right-left asymmetries in sulfide-silver stainable fibre systems in the rat frontal, parietal and occipital cortices was assessed using the neo-Timm histochemical technique associated with microdensitometry. In the cerebral cortex sulfide-silver stainable fibres are localized in the neuropil of laminae I-III and V. The density of sulfide-silver stainable fibres which is parallel to the density of zinc-containing presynaptic structures, was the highest in the right frontal cortex and the lowest in the right occipital cortex. In the frontal cortex sulfide-silver staining is stronger in the right hemisphere than in the left (P<0.001). In the parietal cortex, values of the density of sulfide-silver stainable fibres did not show significant right-left differences. In the occipital cortex the density of sulfide-silver staining was higher in the left hemisphere than in the right (P<0.001). The functional significance of the above right-left asymmetries in the density of sulfide-silver stainable fibres in the rat cerebral cortex cannot be established on the basis of our findings alone. However, our study indicates the sensitivity of specific histochemical techniques in assessing right-left asymmetries in cerebral cortex microanatomy.View full abstractDownload PDF (8019K) -
M. VICTORIA HURTADO DE MENDOZA, F. JAVIER MORENO1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 277-284
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe polycationic stain ruthenium red (RuR) was used with the double purpose of (a) studying the permeability changes in the rat uterine epithelial cells during the estrous cycle and (b) determining different groups of carbohydrates. Four different tests (RuR-lumen; RuR-Glu; Glu/CB-RuR and RuR-OsO4) were carried out. The best results were obtained with the RuR-OsO4 test, which was used for statistical analysis of the diffusion capacity of the stain across the plasma membrane. The content in different carbohydrate groups was studied with RuR and other cytochemical techniques (Fe-dialized, HID, PA-TCH-SP) in the cellular coat and their variations during the estrous cycle. Our results suggest that cellular permeability depends on the hormonal regime. The impermeable uterine epithelial cells stain by RuR in the proestrus stage change to semipermeable during the estrus stage and to permeable during the metestrus and diestrus stages. The quantity of sulphate group-bearing glycoconjugates on the surface of uterine epithelial cells increases during the proestrus and estrus stages, whereas it decreases in the metestrus stage. The neutral glycoconjugates apparently remain constant.View full abstractDownload PDF (6223K) -
AKIRA YAMAMOTO, MASAKI FUJIMURA1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 285-294
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe degradation of murine peritoneal basement membrane following metastasis of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells was studied by immunoelectron microscopy using antibodies for laminin and type IV collagen. Immunostaining for these two membrane components revealed a three-layered structure of the normal basement membrane. Soon after the intraperitoneal injection of tumor cells, submesothelial connective tissues were invaded and mesothelial cells were exfoliated by the tumor cells. The basement membrane of the host cells was observed to undergo dispersion of its membranous components facing the tumor cell, suggesting an initial chemical dissolution mechanism. Subsequently, cytoplasmic processes of the tumor cell invaded the basement membrane of the host cells, tumor cells forced themselves into the connective tissue, and fragments of the basement membrane were pushed aside and scattered. These steps have the appearance of a physical breakage process. The tumor cells underwent constriction as they penetrated through the basement membrane, and the adjacent basement membrane remained intact. These results suggest that chemical dissolution followed by physical breakage occur in the basement membrane under attack by tumor cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (16045K) -
YOSHIO IZUNO, NAOKI FUJITA, HIDETO SENZAKI, TOSHIHIKO INUI, AIRO TSUBU ...1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 295-300
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEpidermal growth factor (EGF) was demonstrated immunohistochemically in the mammary glands of adult female SHN mice. Immunolocalization was found in all alveolar cells and some luminal contents of the lactating mammary glands, and it became intense during the lactation period. Weak staining was detected in the mammary gland in late pregnancy or in the hypersecretory mammary gland induced by pituitary isograft to the mammary fat pad. EGF staining was found in both intact and sialoadenectomized (sx) mice, and it was more intense in the intact mice than the sx ones, the offsprings mortality of the latter being greater in the first week of lactation. Still, staining in the sx group achieved an intensity comparable to that of the intact group in late lactation. At 7 days after parturition, staining in alveolar cells did not increase in the mother, from which all pups were withdrawn at Day 1 of lactation, though staining was intense in congesting milk. Therefore, the mammary gland itself may produce EGF by a secretory function, especially in lactation stage.View full abstractDownload PDF (2868K) -
TAKAO SAKAI, NORIO HIROTA, TAKESHI YOKOYAMA, TSUGIKAZU KOMODA1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 301-314
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUltracytochemical localizations and biochemical activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) and 5′-nucleotidase (5′-Nase) in carcinogen-induced adenocarcinomas of the rat stomach were investigated. Immunoprecipitations and isozyme patterns of ALPase revealed a significant increase of liver/bone type ALPase in well-differentiated adenocarcinomas. Ultracytochemically, the reaction product of ALPase activity appeared on the basal plasma membrane of glandular carcinoma cells, whereas 5′-Nase was on the apical plasma membrane; poorly-differentiated carcinoma cells were devoid of these enzyme activities. Both activities of ALPase and 5′-Nase were conspicuous in the extracellular matrix (ECM), and especially on the fibroblasts adjacent to carcinoma cells. The pronounced activities of these enzymes may possibly be involved in the interaction between neoplastic cells and their ECM. For ultrastructural demonstration of 5′-Nase, the cerium-based method appeared to provide little nonspecific deposits of the reaction product, being superior to the conventional lead-based method.View full abstractDownload PDF (21350K) -
EXAMINATION USING WHOLE-MOUNT PREPARATIONSHIROFUMI TERUBAYASHI, TOSHIAKI TSUJI, SHOUNOSUKE OKAMOTO, MOTONOBU TSU ...1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 315-322
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe gave three-weeks-old rats a diet which included galactose in three different concentrations (15%, 25%, 50%) producing sugar cataracts of three different degrees. Combining the 3H-thymidine autoradiographic method with the whole-mount preparations of total lens epithelial cells of one lens, we examined the proliferative activity of the lens epithelium in the early stages of cataract crisis (for 14 days). In the lenses of three-weeks-old normal rats, 3H-thymidine labelled cells were observed mainly in the proliferative zone at the lens equator, and at the same time a few were detected in other parts. On the first day after we started feeding the rats galactose-included diets, the very early stages of cataract formation and an increase in the number of labelled cells were observed in the proliferative zone when compared with the control group on a normal diet. On the fourth day, we found an increase in the number of labelled cells in the proliferative zone and a remarkable ectopic proliferation in other parts. However, in contrast to this, as the cataract progressed from the seventh day to the fourteenth day, we noticed a decrease in the number of labelled cells in the proliferative zone and in the other epithelial layers when compared with the control group. The peak in the number of labelled cells on the fourth day was observed regardless of the galactose concentrations in the diet, and was not proportional to the degree of the cataracts.View full abstractDownload PDF (14796K) -
ATSUSHI SUZUKI, SUGIO HAYAMA1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 323-328
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLeg muscles of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) were examined to characterize histochemical properties of myofiber types. Myofiber types were classified by differences in reactivity for myosin ATPase, NADH tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR), and menadione-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (3-GPD). The myofibers that reacted strongly for acid-stable myosin ATPase and were weakly reactive or unreactive for alkali-stable myosin ATPase were classified as slow-twitch/oxidative (SO) myofibers, which reacted strongly for NADH-TR and weakly to moderately for 3-GPD. The myofibers that were unreactive to moderately reactive for acid-stable myosin ATPase and strongly reactive for alkali-stable myosin ATPase were classified into fast-twitch/oxidative/glycolytic (FOG) myofibers with a moderate to strong activity for NADH-TR and 3-GPD and into fast-twitch/glycolytic (FG) myofibers with a weak NADH-TR activity and a strong 3-GPD activity. Slow-twitch myofibers with a strong activity for NADH-TR and 3-GPD were characterized as slow-twitch/oxidative/glycolytic (SOG) myofibers. The presence or absence of the SOG myofibers depended on the individuals. The soleus muscle had larger percentages of SO myofibers than of FOG and FG myofibers. The gastrocnemius and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles generally had larger percentages of FG myofibers than of FOG and SO myofibers including SOG myofibers.View full abstractDownload PDF (5228K) -
NICOLAS TSAVARIS, GERASSIMOS A. PANGALIS, PARIS KOSMIDIS, KOSTANTINOS ...1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 329-334
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophil phosphatases; neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP), neutrophil acid phosphatase (NAcP), neutrophil glucose-6-phosphatase (NG6P), and neutrophil 5-nucleotidase (N5N), was determined cytochemically in correlation to glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. The percentages of positive neutrophils on blood smears for these enzymes were estimated in three groups: in diabetic (HbA1c>8.0%), well-controlled diabetic (HbA1c<8.0%) patients, and in normal controls. Statistical difference in the activities of NAP and NG6P was found between diabetic and well-controlled diabetic patients, as well as normal controls. In fact, in uncontrolled diabetic patients with higher HbA1c, NAP shows a higher positive percentage whereas NG6P grows lower ones. Any other examined enzymes do not show such alterations. Any difference between well-controlled diabetic patients and normal controls was recognized in all the examined enzymes.View full abstractDownload PDF (762K) -
JUNZO SASAKI, TAKAKO NOMURA, SADAHIRO WATANABE, SHIGETO KANDA, TOSHIYU ...1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 335-339
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (5181K) -
HIDEMI SATO, HIROSHI TAKENAKA, TOSHIAKI NIBOSHI1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 343-347
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (7133K) -
TETSUHIRO MINAMIKAWA, TETSURO TAKAMATSU, SETSUYA FUJITA1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 349-352
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLaser microtomography is a relatively new direct optical sectioning technique that uses a confocal laser scan microscope (CLSM). Some examples of its applications are described in this article. A series of cross-sectioned microtomograms of a single cell could be easily reconstructed as a high-resolution, extended-focus, three-dimensional image at any desired viewing angle. Optical sections of a single mobile living cell could be also obtained with a high temporal resolution by flexible line scanning and rapid data handling.View full abstractDownload PDF (5069K) -
KIYOSHI KAMIYA1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 353-356
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe technique called Video Microscopy has become very popular in the field of biomedical research, in such areas as the study of the behavior of calcium ion in single cells. The video microscopy utilizes advantages of both the light microscope and the video camera. There are two typical methods in video microscopy, one of them being Video Enhanced contrast microscopy (VEC) and the other, Video Intensified microscopy (VIM). The VEC technique is being used to visualize specimens far beneath the resolution limits of the optical microscope, such as the observation of moving particles along the single microtuble, the behavior of the microtubles in mitosis and the observation of colloidal gold (5nm in size) in the living cell. VIM technique is a useful and powerful method used to observe or quantitize features under limited light conditions such as fluorescence, bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. The typical application is to study the cytosolic free Ca concentrations in a living cell with a fluorescence microscope. Photon counting imaging (under the ultra-low light level, it had better count photons individually rather than measure the amplitude of the light) is finding applications in biological research to detect chemiluminescence and bioluminescence. This technique provides a means of directly visualizing gene expression in single cells, imaging metabolites in tumor tissue and visualizing the chemiluminescence associated with oxidative metabolism in phagocytic cells. It is clear that VEC and VIM techniques are very promising methods in biomedical research.View full abstractDownload PDF (2289K) -
YASUSHI HIRAOKA, HANS CHEN, JOHN W. SEDAT, DAVID A. AGARD1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 357-365
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have developed optical sectioning microscopy techniques to record and analyze three-dimensional image data. Using these techniques, we examined the three-dimensional arrangement and dynamics of chromosomes in fixed and living embryos of Drosophila melanogaster. High-resolution optical sectioning in fixed embryos has revealed the spatial arrangement of chromosomes within a nucleus. Time-lapse in vivo optical sectioning has revealed the dynamic behavior of chromosomes throughout the mitotic cycle. Combination of these obervations has provided insights into the dynamic aspects of three-dimensional chromosome organization.View full abstractDownload PDF (9374K) -
YOJI URATA, HIROSUMI ITOI, SHIN-ICHI MURATA, EIICHI KONISHI, KAZUSHIGE ...1991 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 367-374
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have been studying the application of microscope-based cytofluorometric methods in the multiparametric analysis of individual cell function. These methods based on autostaging cytofluorometry allow both the use of more than two fluorochromes having similar fluorescence spectra and analysis of mixed cell populations. Moreover, in recent years, we have combined an autostaging cytofluorometer with an image processing system to perform correlated morphometric and cytofluorometric analyses using smear preparations after fluorescence staining. This system should prove valuable for interpreting the functional significance of cell morphology.View full abstractDownload PDF (6458K)
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