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Munehiko DOMBOU, Hiroshi NAKAJIMA, Senji KITABATAKE, Kosuke TOMITA, Ka ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
2967-2972
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The kinetic parameters of peptide synthesis by the leucyl-tRNA synthetase from
Bacillus stearothermophilus were compared with those of leucyl-tRNA formation and of hydroxamate formation.
Km values for ATP were almost the same among these three reactions. In contrast to the low
Km value obtained for leucine in leucyl-tRNA formation (6.2μM), the values for peptide synthesis and hydroxamate formation were higher, 1.3mM and 2.2mM, respectively. Although peptide synthesis had Michaelis type kinetics in respect to the dependence on nucleophile concentration and had a
Km for nucleophiles in the range of 150-200mM, the velocity of hydroxamate formation had second order kinetics against hydroxylamine concentration. These results indicate that the reaction mechanism of peptide formation was different from either hydroxamate formation or aminoacyl-tRNA formation. Due to the difficulty in accessibility to nucleophiles of the aminoacyl adenylate stabilized by the enzyme, the initial velocity of peptide synthetic reaction was surprisingly low (2×10
-3 sec
-1). Some multivalent metal ions such as Fe
2+, Fe
3+, Al
3+ Sn
2+, and Sn
4+ accelerated the reaction. When 2'-deoxy ATP was used in place of ATP, similar enhancement of the reaction was observed. In either case, an increase in the
Km value for the nucleotide was observed, indicating the significant involvement of the adenylate-enzyme interaction in the reactivity of the aminoacyl adenylate against nucleophiles.
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Hitoshi IWAHASHI, Taro NAKAMURA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
2973-2981
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The existence of a carrier-bound pathway for inorganic sulfate assimilation has been proposed in
Chlorella and
Escherichia coli. The possibility that the sulfonyl group of active sulfate is transferred to a specific organic acceptor to form thiosulfate ester was examined with
Salmonella typhimurium LT-2. Some 11% of the radioactive products from [
35S]-3'-phosphoadenosine 5'phosphosulfate were transferred to high molecular weight compounds, and the remainder of the product is identified as free inorganic sulfite. Apparent thiosulfonate reductase activity was detected in the reaction mixtures containing S-sulfoglutathione and NADPH as conceivable substrates, but not with partially purified sulfite reductase. The former activity was attributable to the nonenzymatic reaction, sulfitolysis. Through these
in vitro experiments the existence of the carrier-bound pathway was disproved.
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Tsutomu YAMAGUCHI, Makiyo IKI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
2983-2988
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The effects of coffee extracts on mutagenicity were studied using the
Salmonella typhimurium system. Coffee extracts showed inhibitory effects on the mutagenicity of such mutagens as 3-aminol-methyl-5
H-pyrido[4, 3-
b]indole (Trp-p-2), 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), whose mutagenicity require metabolic activation by rat liver microsomal fraction, S-9 mix. The inhibition of mutagenicity increased in proportion to the level of roasting or to the darkness in color of the coffee extracts. When the coffee extracts were applied to a Sephadex G-50 column, two color pigment peaks were observed, the second peak showing the inhibitory activity towards mutagenicity. The inhibitory substance towards the mutagenicity was formed only in a heat-treated mixture of sucrose with either chlorogenic or caffeic acid, among various heat-treated combinations of components in raw coffee beans. The decrease of mutagenicity by coffee extracts was due to inhibiting the metabolic activation by S-9 mix.
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Yoichi KAMAGATA, Makoto YACHI, Hiroshi SASAKI, Shoichi TAKAO
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
2989-2995
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Two endo-type cellulases, tentatively called carboxymethyl cellulases (CMCases) I and II, were purified by gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, and chromatofocusing from a culture supernatant of
Penicillium purpurogenum. Their homogeneity was verified by analytical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weights of CMCases I and II, estimated by gel filtration, were 72, 000 and 50, 000, respectively. CMCases I and II contained about 12% and 8% carbohydrate, and had isoelectric points of 4.3 and 3.9, respectively. CMCase I produced cellobiose, glucose, and a trace amount of cellotriose from H
3PO
4-swollen cellulose and Avicel (microcrystalline cellulose), while CMCase II produced cellobiose and cellotriose with a small amount of glucose and cellotetraose. The products from reduced cellopentaose by both enzymes were released predominantly in the β-configuration. CMCase II appeared to act in more random fashion than I against carboxymethyl cellulose. These results suggest that both enzymes attack insoluble cellulose randomly, although there are some differences in the mode of hydrolytic action.
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Choemon KANNO
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
2997-3003
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The receptor proteins for lectins of bovine milk fat globule membrane were probed by affinity chromatography on Concanavalin A (ConA)- and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-Sepharose in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Affinity chromatography on lectin column distinguished minor differences of specificity for lectin in a glycoprotein having the same mobility on electrophoresis. Of seven major glycoproteins (PAS-1 to 7), PAS-1 and -2 were bound to both Con A and WGA. Most of PAS-3 was retained on Con A. PAS-4 was retained on both WGA and Con A. A striking difference was observed between PAS-6 and -7 glycoproteins in the affinity to Con A, that is, PAS-6 was bound to Con A while PAS-7 not retained on Con A. However, most of PAS-6 and -7 was not retained on WGA, Part of PAS-5 was bound firmly while other parts failed to bind to both Con A and WGA. Our results suggest that the structure of saccharide chains of the glycoproteins of MFGM is very complicated.
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Hirofumi NAKANO, Shigeyuki TAKENISHI, Yasuto WATANABE
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3005-3012
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The action of endo-l, 4-β-D-galactanase from
Penicillium citrinum on o-nitrophenyl-β-Dgalactopyranoside (ONPG) was investigated.
In reaction mixtures with various concentrations of ONPG, liberation of o-nitrophenol (ONP) was observed after a lag phase and then oligosaccharides with and without ONP-group were found to accumulate. The products were separated by activated carbon column chromatography and paper chromatography, and found to be a series of β-l, 4-linked galactooligosaccharides and their ONP-substituted derivatives.
Liberation of ONP from the ONP-substituted oligosaccharides by the enzyme occured without a lag phase. Furthermore, the lag phase of ONP liberation from ONPG was eliminated by the addition ofβ-l, 4-galactotriose and -tetraose to the reaction mixture.
The formation of ONP-substituted oligosaccharides before the liberation of ONP is assumed to be the cause of the observed lag.
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Yoshiyuki SAKANO, Yasuyuki ISNIZUKA, Shin-ichiro TAKAHASHI, Tsuneo KOB ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3013-3018
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The behavior of SH groups of porcine pancreatic a-amylase, called PPA II, was studied by chemical modification with 5, 5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB). Only two SH groups in PPA II reacted, in a pseudo-first-order reaction, and the modification was accompanied with the inactivation of the amylase. The reactivity of SH groups with DTNB was influenced by the ionic strength of the medium. The SH groups were protected against modification by the addition of some substrate analogs; maltopentaitol, maltotetraitol, maltotriitol and cyclomaltohexaose were effective analogs, whereas maltitol, D-glucitol and methyl α-D-glucoside did not protect these groups. The modified enzymes (M
1 and M
2), in which one and two SH groups reacted with DTNB, respectively, were purified in an electrophoretically homogeneous state by chromatography on Bio-Gel P-2 and TSK-Gel DEAE-Toyopearl 650S. The optimum pH of the modified enzyme (M
2) was 6.9-7.0, which was the same as that of the native PPA II. The isoelectric points of M
1 and M
2 were estimated to be 5.8 and 5.2, respectively, by the method of Catsimpoolas. The CD spectrum of PPA II was altered partially by the modification of SH groups with DTNB. Moreover, a precipitin line with a spur was observed in a double immunodiffusion test of PPA II and M
2 to rabbit antiserum of PPA II. It is concluded that the free SH group(s) in PPA II, located near the substrate binding site, don't participate directly in its catalytic activity, but that the SH group(s) are involved in the antigenicity of PPA II.
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Yasuyuki ISHIZUKA, Yoshiyuki SAKANO, Tsuneo KOBAYASHI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3019-3023
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The subsite structure of an active component of porcine pancreatic α-amylase, called PPA II, and modified PPA II (M
2) obtained with 5, 5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), were estimated from their mode of action and rate parameters of hydrolyses of maltooligosaccharides. These results indicated that the native and modified PPA II have five subsites with the catalytic site located between the third and fourth subsites from the nonreducing end. The subsite structure calculated for M
2 differed from that of PPA II; subsite affinities of PPA II were calculated to be 1.6, 3.9 and 2.8 kcal/mol for subsites 1, 2 and. 5, respectively, whereas corresponding values for M
2 were 1.5, 1.4 and 2.6 kcal/mol, respectively. The sum of affinities of the third and fourth subsites was calculated to be -3.6 kcal/mol for PPA II and -2.1 kcal/mol for M
2, respectively. Evidently the mode of action of PPA II was changed by the introduction of bulky TNB
- ion at or near subsite 2. The difference of the mode of action between PPA II and M
2 was interpreted in terms of the structure of each subsite.
抄録全体を表示
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Masao MOTOKI, Katsuya SEGURO, Noriki NIO, Koichi TAKINAMI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3025-3030
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
α
s1-Casein was deamidated specifically in the moiety of the glutaminyl side chains by transglutaminase. The deamidation was achieved by reversibly blocking the amino groups in substrate protein. The deamidated product was found out to have 80% (11 residues) of the total deamidated glutaminyl residues. No significant conformational changes were observed even after the modifications. Consequently, the solubility in acidic pH regions, especially at pH 5, was increased. On the other hand, the Ca
2+-sensitivity largely decreased to the extent that nearly all the deamidated product was soluble at 20mM CaCl
2. Deamidation by transglutaminase may be useful as a new method to solubilize insoluble proteins without destroying protein structures.
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Toshio SUGIMOTO, Kunisuke TANAKA, Zenzaburo KASAI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3031-3035
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The molecular weight and subunit composition of glutelin, the major storage protein of rice, in the major type of protein bodies of developing rice seeds was examined by gradient and twodimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Glutelin in the protein body was the assembled from heterogeneous subunits, and the molecular weights were estimated to be 64, 140, 240, 320, 380, and 500k by gradient SDS-PAGE. High molecular weight proteins (larger than 2, 000k) were also observed.
The two-dimensional SDS-PAGE under reduced conditions showed, that the glutelin in the protein body was composed of two groups of polypeptides, 22-23 and 37-39k, bound by disulfide linkages.
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Katsumi SHIBATA, Takashi HAYAKAWA, Kazuo IWAI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3037-3041
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
There are three NAD biosynthetic pathways: the nicotinic acid-NAD, nicotinamide-NAD, and quinolinic acid (derived from tryptophan)-NAD pathways. To discover the main pathways of NAD biosyntheses in various tissues of the rat, the tissue distribution of nicotinamidase, quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase, and NAD
+ synthetase were investigated. All of the tissues could synthesize NAD from nicotinamide, judging from that the activities of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase and NMN adenylyltransferase detected in all of the tissues. From nicotinic acid, only liver, kidneys, and heart could. Liver and kidney can also synthesize NAD
de novo from quinolinic acid.
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Masakazu ABURATANI, Tadashi TAKEUCHI, Kenji MORI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3043-3047
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
(22
R, 23
R, 24
S)-22, 23-Isopropylidenedioxy-5α-ergost-2-en-6-one
2b is an important intermediate of brassinolide. We found that the enone
2b can be prepared by transformation of (22
R, 23
R, 24
S)-3α, 5-cyclo-22, 23-isopropylidenedioxy-5α-ergostan-6-one
5b with catalytic amount of both p-TsOH and NaBr in DMF under reflux. 5b was prepared from (22
R, 23
R, 24
S)-3α, 5-cyclo-22, 23-dihydroxy-6β-methoxy-5α-ergostane
9b or a 6β-benzyloxy compound
9c, which was obtained in a manner similar to Mori's brassinolide synthesis. The enone
2b was eventually prepared
via a benzyl ether
9c from stigmasterol
3a in a 15.5% yield in 11 steps.
抄録全体を表示
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Takeyoshi SUGIYAMA, Hitoshi MATSUURA, Hiroshi SASADA, Junji MASAKI, Ky ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3049-3052
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Fatty acids in the sebum of goats were analyzed. 4-Ethyl fatty acids were the major components in mature males, while iso-, anteiso-, and normal fatty acids were the major ones in females. Normal fatty acids predominated in the sebum of immature goats of both sexes. There was no significant difference in the constituents between Saanen and Japanese native breeds.
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Muraleedharan G. NAIR, Ajay P. MANSINGH, Basil A. BURKE
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3053-3058
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Six compounds,
Z- and
E-fadyenolide (
3,
4), l-allyl-2, 3-(methylenedioxy)-4, 5-dimethoxybenzene (
5), 4-methoxy-3, 5-bis (3, -methyl-2, -butenyl)-benzoic acid (
6), 2, 6-dihydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone (
7), and 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (
8) were isolated from three species of Jamaican
Piper,
Piper fadyenii, C.D.C.,
Piper aduncum L. and
Piper hispidum Sw. Three amides (
9-11) of 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-oxo-5-phenylpent-2-enoic acid using piperidine, pyrrolidine and morpholine, respectively, were synthesized from compounds
3 and
4, and tested for insecticidal activity against the tick
Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) and the flour feetle,
Tribolium confusum Duval. In our experiment, compounds
9-11 inhibited ovogenesis of
B. microplus and were toxic to
T. confusum. Compounds
3-8 were found to have no activity.
抄録全体を表示
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Toyokazu NISHINO, Yasuhiro SHIMIZU, Ken-ichi FUKUHARA, Sawao MURAO
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3059-3064
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A proteinaceous protease inhibitor which might have an intracellular role in modulating protease activity during sporulation was isolated from
B. subtilis IFO 3027 by trichloroacetic acid and ethanol precipitations, and column chromatographies on SP-Sephadex, DEAE-Sephadex, DEAE-Toyopearl and Sephadex G-75.
The molecular weight of the inhibitor was estimated by gel filtration and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to be about 16, 000. The isoelectric point was determined as pH 4.8. The inhibitor is an acid and thermostable protein. The-amino acid sequence in the amino terminal region was determined to be (Met)-Glu-Asn-Gln-Glu-Val-Val-Leu-X-X-Asp-Ala-Ile-Gln-Glu-. . . (X, unidentified).
In addition to cytoplasmic serine proteases of the inhibitor-producing strain, the inhibitor inhibits various microbial serine proteases.
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Toyokazu NISHINO, Sawao MURAO
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3065-3070
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Intracellular protease inhibitor of
B. subtilis IFO 3027 inhibits cytoplasmic serine proteases (IP-I, IP-II and IP-Ill), but it does not affect membrane-bound serine protease from the same strain. Inhibitory equivalent and binding titration studies revealed that the inhibitor binds and inhibits one mol of IP-I (a major protease in the cells). The inhibitor constant,
Ki, against IP-I is estimated to be approximately 10
-9 M. The inhibitor binds and inhibits IP-II and IP-Ill in the same manner as IP-I, but its association with these enzymes is strongly repressed by the substrate (casein). Incubation of the inhibitor with membrane-bound protease results in the loss of the inhibitory activity.
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Nural ABSAR, Nobuyuki YAMASAKI, Gunki FUNATSU
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3071-3076
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
The tryptophan residue present at the saccharide-binding site of castor bean hemagglutinin (CBH) was identified. A peptide containing a modified tryptophan residue was isolated from the tryptic digest of S-carboxymethylated B-chain obtained from an inactive derivative of CBH (2-Oxa-CBH), in which two tryptophan residues/mol were oxidized with
N-bromosuccinimide, by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-50 followed by high performance liquid chromatography. Analytical data for the isolated peptide indicated that the tryptophan residue at position 131 on the B-chain was modified in 2-Oxa-CBH.
From these and earlier results, it is suggested that the tryptophan residue at 131 on each B-chain is closely associated with the saccharide-binding activity of CBH. The specific role of tryptophan residue at 131 in the saccharide-binding site of CBH is also discussed.
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Takamitsu YORIFUJI, Katsuhiko SAWADA, Chikashi TOKUDA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3077-3082
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A mutant, strain M-6, capable of utilizing taurocyamine (2-guanidinoethanesulfonate) as a nitrogen source was isolated from the parent strain,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa GB-4, a derivative of wild-type
P. aeruginosa PAO1 lacking the ability to produce guanidinobutyrase (EC 3.5.3.7). 3-Guanidinopropionate amidinohydrolase (EC class 3.5.3), which acts slowly on taurocyamine, was induced effectively by only 3-guanidinopropionate in the parent strain, while the enzyme of strain M-6 was induced by taurocyanime, guanidinoacetate, 3-guanidinopropionate, 4-guanidinobutyrate, and guanidinosuccinate. Strain M-6 synthesized a slight amount of the enzyme constitutively. The enzyme partially purified from strain M-6 exhibited substrate specificity similar to that of the wild-type strain. The mutant could grow also on 4-guanidinobutyrate, unlike the parent strain. These results indicate that strain M-6 acquired the ability to grow on taurocyamine by virtue of a mutation at the regulatory gene for 3-guanidinopropionate amidinohydrolase, which led to alteration of the specificity of the regulatory protein.
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Junichi UEDA, Takao YOKOTA, Nobutaka TAKAHASHI, Michio YOSHIDA, Jiro K ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3083-3086
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A root growth-promoting factor was isolated from
Artemisia capillaris Thunb. The chemical structure of this compound was elucidated as methyl 3-(3-methylbut-2-enoyl)-4-hydroxycinnamate (capillarol) on the basis of its spectroscopic analysis. At 5×10
-4M this compound promoted rice root growth to 180% of the control value.
抄録全体を表示
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Takeharu MASAKI, Hideya SUZUKI, Masami SOEJIMA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3087-3091
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A protease with strict specificity to lysyl peptide bonds like that of
Achromobacter protease I was purified from a crude enzyme powder obtained from a culture filtrate of
Achromobacter lyticus M497-1 and characterized. The purified enzyme had the following differences from protease I. The enzyme had an isoelectric point of 5.3, lower than the value of 6.9 for protease I. The amino acid composition of the enzyme had higher proportions of His, Glu, and Gly and lower proportions of Arg and Thr than protease I. The enzyme was unstable (30% residual activity) in the presence of 7 M urea (pH 8.0, 30°C, 20 min); protease I was resistant to the same conditions (80% residual activity). The
kcat/
Km values for the hydrolysis of Tos-Lys-OMe and Lys-
pNA by the enzyme were lower than those of protease I.
抄録全体を表示
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Susumu OGUSHI, Satoshi KOGA, Kiyoshi ITO, Yasutaka MAKING, Makoto ANDO ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3093-3100
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A strain of
Alcaligenes isolated from soil was a good producer of β-glucuronidase, and the enzyme was purified from the cell-free extract by sequential column chromatography on DEAE-Toyopearl, Toyopearl HW-55F, and Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B. By these procedures, two β /3-glucuronidases designated as β-glucuronidases I and II were purified 240- and 508-fold, respectively. δ-Glucuronidase I, with a molecular weight of 75, 000, had an optimum pH at 7.5 and the enzyme II, with a molecular weight of 300, 000, had maximum activity at pH 6.0. Both enzymes were strongly inhibited by saccharo-1, 4-lactone, glucaro-δ-lactam, p-chloromercuribenzoate, Hg
2+, and
N-bromosuccinimide. β-Glucuronidase I was active toward estrogen-3-β-glucuronides and inert toward β-glucuronide conjugates of menthol, estrogen-17β-, estrogen-16α-, androsterone-3α-, testosterone-17β-, cortisol-17α-. β-Glucuronidase II hydrolyzed all of these substrates. β-Glucuronidase I was inhibited by phenolphthalein and its glucuronide.
抄録全体を表示
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Masao MATSUKURA, Shigeo ISHIGURO
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3101-3106
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
An improvement to the aroma and taste of Burley cigarettes was achieved by adding volatiles from roasted, Japanese flue-cured tobacco. The addition of roasted tobacco volatiles was also found to decrease the offensive odor and taste. Among the fractions obtained from silica gel column chromatography of roasted tobacco volatiles, Fr. 8 (diethyl ether elution) exhibited the best improvement to the organoleptic properties of cigarette smoke. A great part of the improvement was attributable to 4-hydroxy-2, 5-dimethyl-3(2
H)-furanone and 3-hydroxy-4, 5-dimethyl-2(5
H)-furanone, both found in small amounts in Fr. 8 but possessing a strong impact on the olfactory properties.
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Mamoru KAWAGUCHI, Osarnu HAYASHI, Noriyuki SAKAI, Masayuki HAMADA, Yuk ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3107-3112
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
By the action of ozone, sodium cyanoborohydride and the optically active benzylic amines
2, the 1-substituted cyclopentenes
1,
5 and
9 were converted to a diastereoisomeric mixture of 1, 2-disubstituted piperidines (
3,
6 and
10), respectively. Hydrogenation of these compounds and the following work-up yielded optically active 2-alkylpiperidines (
4, up to 68%
e.e.), pipecolic acid (
7, 84%
e.e.) and 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine (
11, up to 85%
e.e.). Chromatographic separation of the major isomers of
3b and
6 enabled optically pure coniine (
4b) and pipecolic acid (
7) to be prepared, respectively.
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Naomichi BABA, Jun'ichi ODA, Mamoru KAWAGUCHI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3113-3117
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Asymmetric epoxidation of cyclic enones was performed with 9-alkylfluorenyl peroxides under two-phase conditions in the presence of novel phase transfer catalysts derived from cinchona alkaloids. The observed enantiomeric excess ranged between 30-63%, from which it is shown that the fluorenyl group had a remarkable effect on the enhancement of enantioselectivity.
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Fumito ISHIBASHI, Eiji TANIGUCHI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3119-3125
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Phrymarolin II, a unique naturally-occurring lignan having a 1, 2-dioxygenated 3, 7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane skeleton, was synthesized by the reaction of sesamol, in the presence of cadmium carbonate, with l-acetoxy-2-chloro-6-(2'-methoxy-4', 5'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3, 7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane. The latter was prepared through 13 steps starting from an aldol condensation of β-vinyl-γ-butyrolactone with 2-methoxy-4, 5-methylenedioxybenzaldehyde. Three diastereomers of phrymarolin II were also obtained.
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Synthesis of (4aR, 10aS)-(-)-8-Methoxy-1, 1, 4a-trimethyl-2-oxo- 1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 9, 10, 10a-octahydrophenanthrene, an Optically Active Intermediate for the Synthesis of Diterpenes
Takeshi SUGAI, Hideaki TOJO, Kenji MORI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3127-3132
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
(4a
R, 10a
S)-(-)-8 -Met hoxy-1, 1, 4a-trimethy 1-2-oxo-1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 9, 10, 10a-octahydrophenanthrene, a useful intermediate for the synthesis of optically active diterpenes, was synthesized from (
S)-3-hydroxy-2, 2-dimethylcyclohexanone.
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Yoshihito SUZUKI, Isomaro YAMAGUCHI, Takao YOKOTA, Nobutaka TAKAHASHI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3133-3138
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
From the pollen of
Zea mays, three brassinosteroids, Castasterone, typhasterol and teasterone, were identified by GC/MS and/or
1H NMR. Their concentrations in the pollen were shown by GC/SIM to be about 120μ/kg fr.wt. (castasterone), 6.6μ/kg fr.wt. (typhasterol) and 4.1μ/kg fr.wt. (teasterone). It was also found that the anther contained a fairly large amount of brassinosteroids by a bioassay.
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Hideshi YANASE, Tomohisa KOTANI, Kenzo TONOMURA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3139-3144
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
A method for the transformation of
Zymomonas mobilis with plasmid DNA was developed by using shuttle vectors, pZA31, pZA32 and pZA33, as a source of transforming DNA. Partial spheroplasts of
Z. mobilis were prepared by growing cells in a hypertonic medium supplemented with a drug which inhibits the biosynthesis of bacterial cell walls, such as penicillin G and D-cycloserine. They were transformed with plasmid DNA in the presence of 15% polyethylene glycol 6, 000, after treated with 100 DIM CaCl
2. The frequency of transformation obtained was 10
4 to 10
5 transformants/μg of DNA for
Z. mobilis IFO13756 (Z-6).
抄録全体を表示
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Hideki YAMANO, Katsutada TAKAHASHI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3145-3155
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Computer simulations were employed to reconstruct the growth thermograms that are observable for microbial cultures in batch calorimeters having a culture vessel in the calorimetric unit. Differential equations were derived to characterize the heat evolution process on the basis of Monod's growth equation with some modification. Theoretical growth thermograms were compared with actually observed calorimetric recordings and it was shown that the heat effect due to the microbial cells can be well reproduced for both non-growing and growing cultures of bakers' yeast. It is concluded that the method used here gives a reasonable characterization of the thermograms observed for microbial cultures in a batch calorimeter, indicating the possibility of determining the appropriate kinetic parameters from calorimeter recordings by a parameter-fitting method.
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Hideki YAMANO, Katsutada TAKAHASHI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3157-3164
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Methods are investigated for evaluating the kinetic parameters in a modified Monod's equation which give the best fit to the growth thermograms for bacterial cultures observed in batch calorimeters. Four mathematical methods were employed as parameter fitting techniques. The growth thermograms observed for soil microbes cultured with glucose as a limiting substrate were used as the objects of the analysis. For the calculation of the heat evolution rate, the Runge-Kutta method, which is commonly used for the numerical analysis, was employed. A comparison of the results obtained by the four methods in terms of closeness of fit to the actual thermograms showed that optimization by direct searching with the Simplex method is the most effective procedure for obtaining the best values of the parameters to reproduce the observed thermograms.
抄録全体を表示
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Hiroyuki OHTA, Shoji IDA, Bunzo MKAMI, Yuhei MORITA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3165-3171
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
Lipoxygenase-3, the major component of the enzyme in rice grain, was purified 2980-fold with a yield of 7% from embryos. The purified enzyme had a specific activity of 280 μmol O
2 formed/min per mg protein. This enzyme was inactivated by SH compounds, such as cysteine and glutathione. The inactivation was prevented by the addition of catalase or replacement of the air by N
2 gas. These two treatments were also effective for the stable storage of the purified enzyme. The molecular weights measured by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel and gradient gel electrophoresis were 93, 000 and 89, 000, respectively, indicating that the enzyme is a single polypeptide chain. The purified enzyme contained 0.73 Fe atom per molecule. The absorption spectrum suggested that the enzyme is a non-heme iron protein. Some similarities in amino-acid composition were observed between rice, soybean, and pea lipoxygenases. The purified enzyme specifically produced 9-Dhydroperoxy-10, 12(E, Z)-octadecadienoic acid when linoleic acid was used as a substrate.
抄録全体を表示
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Yoshiyuki TAMURA, Kazutaka MIYATAKE, Shozaburo KITAOKA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3173-3175
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Kazutaka MIYATAKE, Toshiki ENOMOTO, Kenichiro KAKIHARA, Yuichi KAWANO, ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3177-3178
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Kazuko YAMAZAWA, Koji KATO, Ryo YAMAUCHI, Yoshimitsu UENO
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3179
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Hiromichi OHTA, Yoshitaka MIYAMAE, Gen-ichi TSUCHIHASHI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3181-3184
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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A. LIPTAY, A. P. PAPADOPOULOS, H. H. BRYAN, D. GULL
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3185-3187
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Mamoru HONMA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3189-3190
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Isao SODA, Tadao HASEGAWA, Takao SUZUKI, Nagao OGURA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3191-3192
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Tateki HAYASHI, Mitsuo NAMIKI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3193-3194
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Mikio SUDA, Toshiyuki WATANABE, Mikihiko KOBAYASHI, Kazuo MATSUDA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3195-3196
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Takashi SHINOHARA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3197-3199
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Norihiko MISAWA, Tomoyuki OKAMOTO, Katsumi NAKAMURA, Kumpei KITAMURA, ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3201-3203
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Shunya TAKAHASHI, Takayuki ORITANI, Kyohei YAMASHITA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3205-3206
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Toshio KATO, Naofumi KITABATAKE, Etsushiro DOI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3207-3208
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Sei-ichiro HAYASHI, Kenji MORI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3209-3210
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Osamu KURAHASHI, Kenzo YOKOZEKI, Shigeru YAMANAKA, Hitoshi ENEI
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3211-3212
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Yoshimitsu YAMAZAKI, Hidekatsu MAEDA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3213-3214
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Akio MANABE, Osamu KIRINO, Yuji FUNAKI, Yoshio HISADA, Hirotaka TAKANO ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3215-3217
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Tsutomu NAKAYAMA, Motohisa KANEKO, Masahiko KODAMA
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3219-3220
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー
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Susumu IKEGAMI, Satoru SASAKI, Tomoji HIGAKI, Noriyuki ITOH, Nobuo TAK ...
1986 年 50 巻 12 号 p.
3221-3223
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2006/04/05
ジャーナル
フリー