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Shinsaku HAYASHIDA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2093-2099
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Aspergillus awamori var.
kawachi produced selectively one of the three types of glucoamylases under the following different conditions in the submerged cultures at the controlled pH of 6.5 to 7.0: (1) the raw-starch digestive glucoamylase, type I, by a cultivation in the synthetic medium containing ammonium citrate as a nitrogen source, deficient in zinc and sufficient in phosphate, for a shorter period of 30 hr at 35°C; (2) one of the raw-starch indigestive glucoamylases, type I', showing the same hydrolysis curves for gelatinized starch as the type I, by a cultivation in the synthetic medium containing ammonium acetate as a nitrogen source, sufficient in zinc, for 50 hr at 30°C; (3) the other of the raw-starch indigestive glucoamylases, type II, that was less susceptible for α-1, 6 glucosidic linkages of gelatinized starch, by a cultivation in the synthetic medium containing glucose, casein-peptone and sufficient amount of inorganic elements, especially calcium and zinc, for 96 hr at 25°C.
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Yoritaka AOYAMA, Gen IKEYAMA, Kiyoshi ASHIDA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2101-2105
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Percentages of carbohydrates absorbed for 1 day-feeding of protein-repletion diet containing either glucose (glucose-group) or fructose (fructose group) after protein-depletion for 14 days were entirely the same. Some changes in blood constituents of the glucose group and the fructose group were studied. There were no detectable fluctuations in glucose concentration in blood of both groups for varying periods of time of feeding the protein-repletion diet. Whereas, pronounced elevation in fructose concentration in blood was observed for the fructose group. Its values increased for 9 hr after feeding the protein-repletion diet containing fructose and then decreased gradually. However, fructose concentration in blood of the glucose group was low. The total carbohydrate concentration (glucose and fructose) in blood of the fructose group increased continuously for 6 hr after feeding the protein-repletion diet and then stayed constant. The total carbohydrate concentration of the fructose group was significantly higher than that of the glucose group except 72 hr-feeding. When the protein-repletion diet was given for 3 days, both liver weight and liver lipid content of the glucose group were significantly lower than those of the fructose group. Allantoin concentration in blood of the fructose group was significantly higher than that of the glucose group. Similarly it was also observed that uric acid level in the serum of the fructose group tended to be higher than that of the glucose group.
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Takayoshi AOKI, Tsuneaki IMAMURA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2107-2113
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The amount of the soluble casein formed by cooling was much larger in the concentrated whey protein-free milk (WPF milk) heated at 135_??_140°C for 15 sec than in the unheated one. In the case of the heated concentrated WPF milk, the amount of soluble casein increased remarkably during the first 1 hr of cooling and gradually thereafter, while in the case of the unheated one the equilibrium between soluble and micellar casein was established after 1 hr of cooling. The temperature-dependent conversion of micellar casein to soluble casein was reversible in both the heated and the unheated concentrated WPF milk. The soluble casein formed by cooling bound a small amount of calcium. The κ- and α
s-casein contents of the soluble casein formed by cooling the heated concentrated WPF milk were somewhat higher than those of the soluble casein formed by cooling the unheated one.
It is considered from the above results that the structure of casein micelles is loosened by heat treatment of concentrated milk.
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Yaichiro UMEMOTO, YASUSHI SATO
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2115-2122
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
This investigation was undertaken to find the relationship between fat hydrolysis and lipolytic activities of lactic acid bacteria participated in Cheddar cheese ripening. Increases in titratable acidities due to lactic fermentation were completed at early stage of ripening. Ripening indices (ratio of water-soluble nitrogen to total nitrogen) increased rapidly until 90 days and thereafter gradually up to 150 days. Considerable amounts of free fatty acids were released from cheese fat throughout the ripening period. Cheese bacteria were enumerated on the media of tomato-glucose-agar and acetate-agar. About 70% of bacteria isolated from cheese at age of 150 days were classified into
Lactobacillus casei and
L. plantarum. Lipolytic activities of lactobacilli isolated were detected definitely on double-layered agar plates containing Victoria blue-stained olive oil. Lipase activities were determined in cheese extracts during ripening.
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Tsutomu ARAKAWA, Daizo YONEZAWA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2123-2128
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Comparison of the aggregation behavior of gluten was made by following the turbidity change of gluten suspension with four kinds of glutens prepared from flours different in flour quality. The four kinds of gluten showed different behaviors suggesting a relation to the flour quality. From the observation of the aggregation behavior of separated glutensis and gliadins and also of reconstituted glutens, it was concluded that the aggregation behavior of gluten is determined mainly by the nature of glutenin it contains. To investigate the difference of compositions of glutenins, component polypeptides of glutenin were fractionated by gel filtration into three fractions FI, FII and FIII after reduction and cyanoethylation of glutenin The glutenin from a strong flour was rich in FII, while the glutenin from a weak flour in Fl. The observation of the aggregation behaviors of FI, FII and FIII suggested that the aggregation behavior of glutenin depends on the contents of these fractions.
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Kunio OISHI, Ko AIDA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2129-2135
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The α-D-galactosidases of six
Streptomyces strains were examined on their inducer susceptibility, substate specificity, and inhibitor susceptibility. In all strains examined, α-D-galactosidase was induced by D-galactose, but neither by D-fucose nor by L-arabinose. α-D-Fucosidase activity was always induced accompanying with α-D-galactosidase activity. β-L-Arabinosidase activity, however, was never observed. These α-D-galactosidases were purified to electro-phoretically pure degree by successive ammonium sulfate and ethanol precipitation, and ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. The purified preparations from six strains were different from each other in their chromatographic behaviors and in some physical properties, but they all showed strong α-D-fucosidase activity as well. The α-D-galactosidase activities were strongly inhibited by D-galactose and L-arabinose, but scarcely by D-fucose. On the other hand, their α-D-fucosidase activities were inhibited by D-fucose as well as by D-galactose and L-arabinose.
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Mitsuru ANDO, Yukiko IWASAKI, Masayuki NAKAGAWA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2137-2143
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The absorption and metabolism of the insecticide, Isoxathion, on bean, cabbage and chinese cabbage plants were examined using carbon-14 labeled compound. Isoxathion penetrated into plant tissues was hydrolyzed to produce 3-hydroxy-5-phenylisoxazole, which was then rapidly converted to water soluble compounds. Among them, 3-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-phenylisoxazole, 2-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-5-phenyl-4-isoxazolin-3-one and 2-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-5
p-hydroxy-phenyl-4-isoxazolin-3-one were unequivocally identified as the major metabolites. Another metabolic pathway of 3-hydroxy-5-phenylisoxazole
via a reductive cleavage of the isoxazole ring to form benzoic acid was negligible.
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Masao FUJIMOTO, Akira KUNINAKA, Hiroshi YOSHINO
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2145-2148
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The molecular conformation of nuclease P
1 in aqueous solution was investigated by measuring the optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and circular dichroism (CD). The optical rotatory dispersion constant, λ
c, was 281 nm. The Moffit-Yang parameters, a
0 and b
0, were -2 and -195, respectively. The ORD spectrum showed a minimum at 234 nm and the reduced mean residue rotation at 233 nm, [m']
233, was -5880. The CD spectrum showed a double minimum at 213 and 226 nm and the molecular ellipticity at 222 nm, [θ]
222, was -11, 900. From these data, the α-helix content was calculated to be 29 to 31%. The computer fit of CD suggests that the β-structure is about 6% and the random coil is about 63%. The helical structure was found to be quite stable to denaturing reagents such as urea and guanidine hydrochloride. However, removal of zinc atoms from the enzyme resulted in disruption of the helical structure with inactivation.
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Joji ONO, Kazuyoshi DOI, Katsuhiro OGASA, Taro NAGASAWA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2149-2155
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Comparative study was made on association of the carcinogenic and the non-carcinogenic hydrocarbons with β-lactoglobulin. It was concluded that β-lactoglobulin preferentially associated with the carcinogenic hydrocarbons. The capacities of 1g of β-lactoglobulin to associate with 3, 4-benzpyrene and 9, 10-dimethyl 1, 2-benzanthracene, virulent carcinogens, were 63.0 and 32.8mg respectively, while those with 1, 2-benzpyrene and chrysene, limited-and non-carcinogenic analogues, were 8.2 and 0.5mg respectively. Casein and soybean protein failed to display the preferential association with the carcinogens. As a result of complex formation with β-lactoglobulin, the toxicity of 3, 4-benzpyrene against the cultured cell line, C3H-2K, was neutralized to 1/10 and the transforming activity of the carcinogen against C3H-2K cells was significantly lowered.
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Akinori SUZUKI, Akira ISOGAI, Tetsuo HORII, Hironori ISHIZAKI, Saburo ...
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2157-2162
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
A simple procedure for partial purification of silkworm brain hormone starting with heads of
Bombyx moths is described. The method is unique in that it can supply samples with a definite activity without chromatography and bioassay during the purification process. The titer of brain hormone in every batch is 30_??_40
Samia units/head (specific activity, 1_??_2 μg/
Samia unit). Some chromatographic behaviors of the hormone are also reported.
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Shinpei YAMAMOTO, Susumu NAGASAKI
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2163-2169
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
An endo β-1, 3-glucanase was purified in crystalline form from a culture filtrate of
Rhizopus chinensis R-69. Molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be 23, 000 by molecular sieve chromatography and the mode of action of the enzyme was suggested to be a less random type of β-1, 3-glucanase.
Km and
Vmax of the enzyme for laminarin are 3.4g/liter and 154 I. U., respectively. The enzyme does not decompose the cell walls of living yeast; it decomposes, however, the preparation of yeast glucan.
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Kou HAYAKAWA, Iwao KUSAKA, Sakuzo FUKUI
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2171-2179
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Mercuric ion-resistant mechanism in
Pseudomonas K-62 was investigated by isolating a mercuric ion-sensitive mutant strain (H-2 strain) from a resistant wild-type strain (P strain) and comparing the physiological properties of these two strains. Growth curves obtained in mercuric ion-containing medium suggested that P strain constitutively has a resistant mechanism. The capacity of P and H-2 strains to decrease the concentration of mercuric ions in the medium was found to be almost equal; thus, the presence of a resistant mechanism was expected other than MMR-enzyme, which is an inducible system. From the characteristic property of the inhibitory effect of mercuric ions on respiration of the two strains, a resistant mechanism, a permeability barrier mechanism, was proposed. The barrier mechanism in P strain traps mercuric ions with high selectivity to prevent the penetration of ions to the intracellular space where the functional units are located. Finally, the resistance mechanism to mercuric ions in the bacterium was discussed including the MMR-enzyme system and the barrier mechanism.
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Masayoshi ISHIDA, Takashi HAMASAKI, Yuichi HATSUDA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2181-2184
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Six metabolites have been isolated from
Aspergillus nidulans. Two of them are new metabolites and named emerin and emericellin, respectively. Emerin is greenish yellow columnar, mp 225_??_226°C and has been showen to be 1, 4-di-(
p-methoxyphenyl)-2, 3-dinitrilo-1, 3-butadiene. Emericellin is yellow prisms, mp 110_??_112°C and has been shown to be 1-hydroxy-4-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-6-methyl-7- (3-methyl-2-butenyloxy)-8-hydroxymethyl-xanthone. Other metabolites were identified as shamixanthone, sterigmatocystin, averufin, and versicolorin C, respectively.
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Sumio KITAHATA, Shigetaka OKADA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2185-2191
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The transglycosylation reaction of the cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from
Bacillus megaterium (No. 5 enzyme) and
Bacillus macerans (BMA) were examined. No. 5 enzyme was more efficient in transglycosylation reaction than BMA in the every acceptor employed in the present study. The order of the efficient acceptors for No. 5 enzyme was maltose (G2), glucose (G1), maltotriose (G3) and sucrose (GF). On the other hand, that found for BMA was G1, G2, GF and G3. The transglycosylation products to glucose formed by the action of No. 5 enzyme on starch were G2, G3, maltotetraose (G4), maltopentaose (G5), maltohexaose (G6) and maltoheptaose (G7) in the order of their quantities, while, in the case of BMA, they were G2, G3, G5, G7=G4 and G6. The larger transglycosylation products to sucrose formed by the action of No. 5 enzyme on starch were maltosylfructose. On the other hand, that formed by the action of BMA was maltoheptaosylfructose.
It was suggested that cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase could transfer the glucosyl residues to an acceptor directly from starch, as well as through cyclodextrin.
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Takayasu TSUCHIDA, Haruo MOMOSE
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2193-2198
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The regulatory mechanisms in branched-chain amino acid synthesis were compared between 2-thiazolealanine (2-TA) resistant L-leucine and L-valine producing mutants and the 2-TA sensitive original strains of
Brevibacterium lactofermentum 2256.
In the original strains, sensitive to 2-TA, α-isopropylmalate (IPM) synthetase, the initial enzyme specific for L-leucine synthesis, is sensitive to feedback inhibition and to repression by L-leucine, and α-acetohydroxy acid (AHA) synthetase, the common initial enzyme for synthesis of L-isoleucine, L-valine as well as L-leucine, is sensitive to feedback inhibition by each one of these amino acids, and to repression by them all. In strain No. 218, a typical L-leucine producer resistant to 2-TA, IPM synthetase was found to be markedly desensitized and derepressed, and AHA synthetase remained unaltered. On the contrary, in strain No. 333, L-valine producer resistant to 2-TA, AHA synthetase was found to be desensitized and partially derepressed, and IPM synthetase remained unaltered.
The genetic alteration of these regulatory mechanisms was discussed in connection with the accumulation pattern of amino acids.
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Katsumi YUASA, Keiko ISHIZUKA, Susumu KABURAKI, Toshio SAKASAI
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2199-2206
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
It was found that a new compound of phenylalanine metabolites (2-hydroxy-3-phenyl-propenoic acid) and phenylacetic acid were formed in the cultured Czapek medium containing phenylalanine by
Aspergillus sojae. 2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropenoic acid (HPPA) was formed from phenylalanine (D-and L-form)
via phenyllactic acid (D-and L-form), and degraded to benzoic acid,
p-hydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, and catechol in this order.
On the other hand, phenylacetic acid was formed from phenylpyruvic acid, and converted to homogentisic acid
via o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. From these results, a metabolic pathway of phenylalanine in
Asp. sojae was proposed.
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Takahisa SUZUKI, Toshio SUZUKI, Vu Manh HUYNH, Toshio MUTO
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2207-2211
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
Seven unsaturated hydrocarbons were isolated from the volatiles of two species of flour beetles,
Tribolium castaneum and
T. confusum, and identified as 1-pentadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1, 8-heptadecadiene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1, 6-pentadecadiene and heptadecatriene by GLC, GLC-MS, NMR, IR and micro-ozonolysis. This is the first report of the presence of these compounds in red flour beetles, and the last four compounds are also reported for the first time in confused flour beetles. These compounds are strong repellents for the same species or each other. The roles of these compounds are discussed.
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Takeshi SASSA, Akihiro TAKAHAMA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2213-2215
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The structures of cotylenins F and G, isolated from the culture filtrate of a fungus (
Cladosporium sp.), have been assigned as IV and V, respectively. Cotylenin G was derived from cotylenin F by treatment with a strong base.
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Teruhiko YOSHIHARA, Akitami ICHIHARA, Sadao SAKAMURA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2217-2221
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The synthesis of dimethyl esters of
dl-O, O'-dimethylfukiic acid (11) and
dl-O, O'-dimethylepifukiic acid (12) are described.
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Yukio YAMAMOTO, Makoto FUSHIMI, Jun'ichi ODA, Yuzo INOUYE
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2223-2226
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
The chiroptical properties of (+)-(1
S, 2
S)-dibenzoxycycloheptane and (+)-(1
S, 2
S)-dibenzoxycyclooctane were observed. The dibenzoate chirality rule for chiral dibenzoxycyclohexanes was successfully applicable to these medium-sized ring compounds as well. The conformation of the open chain dibenzoates was discussed on the basis of the chiroptical properties found for the dibenzoate and di-
p-nitrobenzoate of (+)-(2
S, 3
S)-butane-diol.
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Kei YAMANAKA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2227-2234
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
A sensitive spectrophotometric method for qualitative and quantitative determination of D-arabinose and L-fucose in the 0.02_??_0.1 μmole range is described. Enzyme used for this assay is n-arabinose (L-fucose): NAD 1-oxidoreductase (EC. 1. 1. 1. 116) prepared from the D-arabinose-grown cells of
Pseudomonas sp. The enzyme accepts either D-arabinose or L-fucose as substrate and is required NAD or NADP as coenzyme. D-Arabinose and L-fucose can be determined as the rate of NAD reduction at 340 nm at 30°C with reaction velocity method and end point method. This assay method is highly specific and 1, 000-fold excess of following sugars and sugar alcohols do not interfere the determination of microquantity (10
-4M) of D-arabinose and L-fucose: L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-ribose, D-Iyxose, D-fucose, L-rhamnose, D-fructose, sucrose, xylitol, L-arabitol, D-arabitol, ribitol, sorbitol and D-mannitol. Moreover, L-fucose can be recovered in the presence of 4, 000-fold excess of D-galactose and D-mannose. D-Arabinose and L-fucose can be identified and determined separately by this method.
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Masayoshi TAKAKUWA, Kanou TAKEUCHI, Nobuyuki YAMASAKI
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2235-2236
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Yoichi ITAKURA, Taiji IMOTO, Akio KATO, Kazuyoshi YAGISHITA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2237-2238
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Hirokazu MATSUI, Seiya CHIBA, Tokuji SHIMOMURA, Nobuyuki TAKAHASHI
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2239-2240
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Koji MURAMOTO, Hiroshi KAWAUCHI, Katura TUZIMURA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2241-2242
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Haruo YAMASHITA, Yuichiro KUROSAWA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2243-2244
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Hiroyuki NISHIMURA, Junya MIZUTANI
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2245-2246
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Akio KOBAYASHI, Kyohei YAMASHITA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2247-2248
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Rikisaku SUEMITSU, Jyo IWAI, Kyoko KAWAGUCHI
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2249-2250
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Yôtaro KONDO
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2251-2252
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Hiroyuki HORITSU, Kiyohito NAKASHIMA, Mikio TOMOYEDA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2253-2254
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Hitoshi AOSHIMA, Tadahiko KAJIWARA, Akikazu HATANAKA, Hiroshi NAKATANI ...
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2255-2257
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Satoshi TAHARA, Toshio NAGAI, Shin KUROGOCHI, Junya MIZUTANI
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2259-2260
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Yasutaka TAHARA, YUZO YAMADA, Keiji KONDO
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2261-2262
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Toshikazu CHIYONOBU, Emiko SHINAGAWA, Osao ADACHI, Minoru AMEYAMA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2263-2264
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Hideo OHKAWA, Nobuyoshi MIKAMI, Akihiko MINE, Junshi MIYAMOTO
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2265-2267
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Shoko OHTANI, Tsutomu OKADA, Hiroyuki KAGAMIYAMA, Hajime YOSHIZUMI
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2269-2270
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー
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Sawao MURAO, Kunio OHYAMA
1975 年 39 巻 11 号 p.
2271-2273
発行日: 1975年
公開日: 2008/11/27
ジャーナル
フリー