We retrospectively examined the factors associated with disease onset and underlying disorders in 116 cases of erythema nodosum in 101 patients treated in our department over the 20-year period between 2004 and 2023. A comparative study between the first 10 years (2004-2013) and the second (2014-2023) revealed that the frequencies of Behçet's disease (21% → 29%), drugs (2% → 10%), and inflammatory bowel disease (2% → 10%) increased, while that of infection decreased (31% → 19%) in the second decade. None of these changes reached a significant level of difference. Idiopathic cases comprised 37% of the total in the first decade and 24% in the second.
Systemic amyloidosis is a rare protein misfolding and deposition disorder leading to progressive organ failure. Recently, the demand for random skin biopsy for early diagnosis has been increasing. In this study, we collected 16 patients who underwent random skin biopsies with positivity and recorded the biopsy methods. Among the 16 patients, six were finally diagnosed with systemic amyloidosis. Amyloids were detected mainly within the dermis or subcutaneous fat tissues. The recommended method of skin biopsy should be in the skin rash area suspected of amyloidosis, especially if there is purpura; senile hemangioma should also be biopsied. Four or more biopsies should also be considered as the appropriate number.
Systemic target immuno-therapeutics and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been successfully introduced for high-risk unresectable white Caucasian melanomas. However, darker skinned Asian and Japanese patients do not receive these benefits, and new approaches for target therapy are urgently needed. We developed a new melanoma-targeting chemo-thermo-immuno-therapy (CTI therapy) by producing 17 melanogenesis substrates and selecting N-propionyl cysteaminylphenol (NPrCAP) through selective drug delivery and cytotoxicity to melanoma cells. NPrCAP generated reactive free radicals with tyrosinase and resulted in chemical cytotoxicity with production of many apoptotic and a few necrotic cells (chemo-immunotherapy). NPrCAP was further conjugated with magnetite nanoparticles and produced heat shock protein and necrotic cells after exposure to alternating magnetic fields (thermo-immunotherapy). The combined chemo-thermo-immuno (CTI) -therapy has been successfully tested in growth inhibition of experimental murine metastatic melanomas. Preliminary clinical trials have also shown significant regression of unresectable distant human melanomas and increased the life span of patients.