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Volume 2004 (2004)
- Issue 126 Pages 1-
- Issue 125 Pages 1-
Volume 2004, Issue 125
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Wayne P. LAWRENCE2004 Volume 2004 Issue 125 Pages 1-30
Published: March 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 23, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Christopher TANCREDI2004 Volume 2004 Issue 125 Pages 31-82
Published: March 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 23, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Tadasu HATTORI2004 Volume 2004 Issue 125 Pages 83-109
Published: March 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 23, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper discusses the directionality of the scales in which expressions denoting a small quantity, like sukoshi, mare (ni), wazuka (ni) in Japanese, are positioned.
When used as predicates, these expressions define a downward or negative scale which is paired with the upward or positive scale defined by their contraries.
In contrast, these expressions are positioned in an upward scale when they are used adverbially.
These facts can be explained by assuming that decreasing adverbial quantifiers are generally not allowed in Japanese.View full abstractDownload PDF (1694K) -
Nozomi OTSUKA2004 Volume 2004 Issue 125 Pages 111-143
Published: March 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 23, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to reveal the functional behavior of ‘-ga aru’ sentences.
To begin with, I have examined grammatical functions inherent in the construction in question. It is argued that the ‘-ga aru’ construction serves as a functional verb combined with the preceding noun and shares its function with adjectives. Semantic evidence for this claim is that the construction is interchangeable with adjectives and can be rendered into adjectives in English translation. Its formal evidence, on the other hand, is gained from the following facts. Firstly, it can be modified by adverbs. Secondly, it is used with comparative expressions. Thirdly, the construction and descriptive adjectives exhibit the same restriction as to their cooccurrence with specific persons.
Next, I have examined its functions at a wider discourse level. A close examination shows that the following functions are attributed to the ‘-ga aru’ sentences: mental expressive function (expressive functions of thought, emotion, sense and desideration), volitional expressive function, eventive descriptive function, stative descriptive function, relative predicative function and attributive predicative function.
It goes without saying that the original lexical meaning of the verb aru is “to exist”, but the ‘-ga aru’ construction has come to be used as a functional verb. The various functions observed in the construction are derived from the intricate interaction between lexicon and grammar.View full abstractDownload PDF (2351K) -
Teruhiro HAYATA2004 Volume 2004 Issue 125 Pages 145-171
Published: March 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 23, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChinese and Manchu have been said to have a distinction between the ‘inclusive we’ including the hearer(s) and the ‘exclusive we’ excluding the hearer(s). However, in both Chinese and Manchu, sometimes the inclusive we is used for a group which does not include the hearer(s) and sometimes the exclusive we is used for a group which does include the hearer(s). An attempt is made here to account for all the exceptions and show, based on the uses of the first person plural pronouns in fin Ping Mei, and its Manchu translation prefaced in 1708, that for both Chinese and Manchu the inclusion of the hearer(s) is irrelevant in the distiction between the so-called inclusive and exclusive, and that the distinction between the two is between the absence and the presence of the feature [part]. An inclusive pronoun, thus, is simply a first person plural pronoun unspecified for [part], whereas an exclusive one, which is specified as [part], denotes the part of a whole including the speaker and other(s), and presupposes the remaining part of the whole. The proposed system is shown as follows:
exclusively singular- exclusively
singular plural plural
INCLUSIVE zan za(n)men, za(n)mei
'unmarked (Manchu: muse)
(whole-part)'
wo
(Manchu: bi, min-)
EXCLUSIVE an, anmen women
‘marked(part)’ (Manchu: be, men-)
Manchu does not employ the singular-plural pronouns. The present-day Chinese of Peking follows only the exclusively singular and exclusively plural Manchu-type system. Although an and anmen occur far more than women in Jing Ping Mei, in present-day Peking an and anmen have fallen out of use and women prevails. It is not unreasonable to think that the extinction of an and anmen originated from the Manchu-type system used by Manchus in Peking who had ceased to use Manchu and begun to speak Chinese.View full abstractDownload PDF (1808K) -
Masatoshi KOIZUMI, Katsuo TAMAOKA2004 Volume 2004 Issue 125 Pages 173-190
Published: March 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 23, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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