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Volume 1968 (1968)
- Issue 53 Pages 1-
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Volume 1968, Issue 53
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Prinzipien der SprachgeschichteHisanosuke IZUI1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 1-13
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS(1) Paul's “niederserbisch”(5 th ed., p.131) was not a “Southern Serbian” dialect, but was a dialect of ((le bas-sorabe)), as the Frenchmen name it.
(2) Paul maintains that the German word “unter” is a confluence word of what has become Lat.“inter” and what has become “infra” there.(5th ed. p.217; Deut. Worterb., Neuauflage von Betz, 1966). This is erroneons, from the point of view of the IE “Sprachgeschichte”. German “unter” has to do only with the latter, as is proved more clearly through the history of its syntactical uses.View full abstractDownload PDF (452K) -
Minoru Go1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 14-39
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNous nous permettons d'exposer ici un résumé des résultats obtenus par suite des investgations liguistiques, que nous avons faites en 1961, sur les arriérés relevés dans la colonie de réhabilitation Ashahigawa Gakuen, située à Chisaki, Gion, Okayama-shi.
Nous avons pris 20 arriérés comme objets directs, qui ont été recrutés, par procédé statistique, parmi 120 arriérés. Ces 20 appartiennent, psychologiquement, aux Débiles (IQ70-IQ50), aux Imbéciles (IQ50-IQ25) et aux Idiots (au-dessous de IQ20).
Voici le nombre total des mots utilisés, pendant une unité horaire de 1'investigation soit 2 heures: 2, 734 par les arriérés à IQ70; 1, 352 par ceux à IQ 50; et 273 par ceux à IQ20.
Nous constatons d'abord que la capacite linguistique des arriérés à IQ70 ne différe pas de celle des normaux, étant donné que ce nombre indiqué 2, 743 égale à celui des normaux. Nous faisons remarquer ensuite ce fait que la capacité linguistique des arriérés à IQ50 est la moitié, et celle des arriérés a IQ20 est un dixiéme de celle des normaux. Nous insistions enfin sur ce fait encore plus important qu'un enfant nommé H a montré de la réaction linguistique évidente au cours de notre mesure linguistique, bien que nous ne puissions pas mesurer son intelligence psychologique.
De tout ce qui précède, nous pourrions conclure que:
1) la capacité linguistique des arriérés surpasserait notre prévision.
2) la langue et I'intelligence ap partiendraient chacunes, dans I'individu, aux couches (axes différentes, et celle de la langue se trouverait plus profonde que celle de l'intelligence, étant donné que les arriérés à IQ20, et en particulier l'enfant, dont nous ne pouvons pas mesurer l'intelligence psychologique, ont montré de la réaction linguistique évidente.
3) la réhabilitation sociale des arriérés pourrait être effectuée, non seulement par le simple travail de force que l'on a jugé efficace jusqu'ici, mais encore sur le plan dit “spirituel”. N. B.-Les résultats des troisinvestigations complémentaires, que nous avons faites depuis 1961, indiquent que la capacité linguistique des arriérés s'estime plus grande.View full abstractDownload PDF (597K) -
Correlation of the PostpositionsHumio KUSAKABE1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 40-68
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe standard to classify the particles or postpositions in the Modern Japanese is led to the scheme for the verbal conjugation.
The conjugation has two divisions of mood and two divisions of aspect. Two of mood are indicatives (yomu, yonda, etc.) and optatives (yomô, yondarô, etc.); each division has five subclasses: indefinitive, definitive, copulative, predicative, and attributive (or infinitive). Two of aspect are imperfects (yomu, yomô, etc.) and perfects (yonda, yondarô, etc.); each division has three subclasses: introversive, extroversive, and retroversive.
Now about the imperfect-indicatives, there are eleven forms: namely three indefinitives (extroversive “yomi, ” introversive “yomuni, ” and retroversive “yomu to, ”), three definitives (extroversive “yomi, ” introversive “yomu nari, ” and retroversive “yomu to or yomusi, ”), three copulatives (extroversive “yomeba, ” introversive “yomu nara, ” and retroversive “yomu tara, ”), one predicative (“yomu.”), and one attributive or infinitive (“yomu”).
And then, in the scheme for the conjugation of the imperfect-indicatives, the basic particles (postpositions) may be put as follow: indefinite-introversive “e (illative), ” indefinite-extroversive “yori (comparative), ” indefinite-retroversive “o (accusative), ” definite-introversive “made (allative), ” definite-extroversive “kara (ablative), ” definite-retroversive “dake (restrictive), ” copulate-introversive “mo (additive), ” copulate-extroversive “wa (topical or themative), ” copulateretroversive “ga (subjective), ” predicative (-extroversive)“sa (designative), ” and attributive or infinitive “no (genitive)”.
Additionally socalled postpositions “ni (dative), ”“de (instrumentative), ” and “to (commitative)” should be classify as the three indefinite forms of the copulative auxiliary verb “da.”View full abstractDownload PDF (915K) -
Saburo OHYE1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 69-84
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany of the graphic confusions found in the English written by Japanese speakers are paralleled by the mistakes they often make in pronouncing English. Empirical and experimental data seem to agree in showing that there are some factors which promote the occurrence of these graphic confusions. Among them are:
(1) association, due to formal resemblance, between the word to be learned and another unrelated form occurring (i) in the learner's memory or (ii) in proximity in the context actually given to be memorized, and
(2) the successive or nearly successive occurrence within the word to be learned of the letters which are likely to be confused with each other.
The word deliberate is often misspelt as *deliverate obviously under the influence of the very familiar word deliver, which is in the learner's memory (1, i). The words swarm and thwart, given in the same context in fair proximity, sometimes appear as *thwarm and *swart respectively in reproduction test (1, ii). The letters v and b in the word vibrate are not infrequently transposed, thus giving rise to erroneous forms like *vivrate and *bivrate (2).
I have tried in this paper to explain the phenomena like those mentioned above on the basis of the learning-theory concept of retroactive and proactive inhibition. The idea underlying my arguments is that learners memorize and reproduce words primarily in terms of spelling-to-sound correlation. Further, my arguments are based on the hypothesis, which seems very justifiable, that Japanese speakers' auditory memory of English words consists of the sounds of their native language.
The above-mentioned phenomena will be explained as follows:
(1)(i) deliberate *deliverate
First Learning Second Learning
Proactive Inhibtion
deliver-[dilibe] deliber (ate)-[dilibe (reit)]
The great familiarity of the word deliver implies that it has been repeatedly read or learned before the learning of the word deliberate takes place. Thus the first learning interferes with the second learning.
(ii) swarm *thwarm; thwart *swart
First Learning Second Learning
Proactive Inhibition
swar (m)-[swo:(m)] thwar (t)-[swo:(t)]
Retroactive Inhibition
The erroneous forms *thwarm and *swart are respectively the results of retroactive and proactive inhibition. Nearness in occurrence of the two series of learning in question is a factor prompting inhibition.
(2) vibrate *vivrate, *bivrate, etc.
First Learning Second Learning
Proactive Inhibition
v-[b] b-[b]
Retroactive Inhibition
The letters v and b of vibrate correspond to [b] in Japanese learners' perception of the word. Thus, inhibition, in both directions, tends to take place, aided also by the close contiguity in occurrence of the two series of learning.View full abstractDownload PDF (510K) -
Hisanosuke Izui1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 85-90
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (151K) -
Shigeo OZAWA1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 91-100
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS§1 This paper treats a problem on Qahan (_中合罕_) in the language the Secret History of the Mongols. The literary form for this qahan generally considered as qaγan. However, can the form qaγan of literary Mongolian correspond to qahan in the language of the Secret History? is not necessarily correct. Following the transcriptional principle in the Secret History, we can expect qa'an instead of qahan for the literary form qaγan.
This is easily recognized by the following comparative table among the language of the Secret History, literary Mongolian, and modern Khalkha Mongolian.View full abstractDownload PDF (301K) -
Y. Anne, Mantaro J. HASHIMOTO1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 101-111
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (305K) -
[in Japanese]1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 112-113
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (55K) -
[in Japanese]1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 114-116
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (77K) -
[in Japanese]1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 117-118
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (61K) -
[in Japanese]1968 Volume 1968 Issue 53 Pages 119-122
Published: March 31, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (95K)
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