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Volume 26 (1987)
- Issue 6 Pages 903-
- Issue 5 Pages 733-
- Issue 4 Pages 515-
- Issue 3 Pages 381-
- Issue 2 Pages 211-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 26, Issue 3
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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Hirofumi SAKAMOTO, Naoki YOSHIMI, Ayako KITASE, Takuji TANAKA, Shigeyu ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 381-385
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCorrelation between the amount of hormone receptor (HR), especially estrogen receptor (ER) and PAS reactivity in imprint smears were examined in 74 patients with three common types of breast cancer. The amount of HR was measured by the RIA method. Correlation between the HR amount and the degree of atypicality of neoplastic cells, histological type of tumor or menopausae was also examined.
The number of cases showing strongly PAS positive activity or mosaic pattern was 42 (82.4%) of 51 ER positive cases and those indicating PAS negative activity or weakly positive pattern was 17 (73.9%) of 23 ER negative cases. There is significant difference between ER amount and PAS reactivity (p<0.001). In the ER positive cases, the number of progesterone receptor (PgR) positive cases were 33 and most cases showed strongly positive reactivity in PAS reaction, but most of PgR negative cases indicated mosaic pattern in PAS reaction. ER negative cases showed severe atypia having large nuclei and multinuclei. On the otherhand, ER positive and PgR positive cases showed no or slightly cell atypia. No significant relationship was observed between the HR amount and histological types of neoplasms. The number of ER positive cases was 20 (76.9%) of 26 postmenopausal patients and 27 (67.5%) of 40 premenopausal cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (3950K) -
Toshiki HIROSE, Yoko KOKAI, Harumi YAMAMURA, Miharu TSUCHIYA, Tsunehir ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 386-392
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) in small breast cancers, we retrospectively studied 256 cases of breast cancer that underwemt preopera tive ABC.
The overall diagnostic accuracy rate of ABC was 86.3%(221/256). ABC showed a high accuracy rate in diagnosis as compared with physical palpation, echogram, or mammogram, regardless of tumor size.
The reason for the low rate of diagnostic accuracy in Tis (non-invasive cancer, 20%; 1/5) and T0 (non-palpable cancer, 0%; 0/2) cases was ascribed entirely to the lack of cancer cells in the specimens.
In T1 (invasive cancer up to 2cm in diameter, 76.9%; 50/65) cases, the diagnostic accuracy of ABC was not influenced by the size of tumors, but by the histologic type. There was no significant difference in rate between the T1 subdivision every 5mm up to 2cm. On the other hand, the accuracy in T1 tumors varied from 84.2% in the solid tubular type and 95.0% in the scirrhous type to 57.9% in the papillotubular type and 57.1% in the special type. The low accuracy in the latter two tumor types may have been partly caused by the fact that there is difficulty in the palpation of the papillotubular type and a lack of understanding of the cytologic findings in the special type.
In 11 cases of T1 tumor, the discovery of carcinoma was made only by ABC. Furthermore, some of the false negative cases were found to be retrospectively positive for carcinoma. Thus, we consider ABC to be a very useful diagnostic procedure for T1-sized small breast cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1099K) -
Supplementary reportYoshio UEI, Yuji SHIOSAWA1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 393-397
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConsidering the existence of adenocarcinoma in the mass screening for uterine cancer, we have modified the previous procedure and applied it to 55 adenocarcinomas to obtain well dispersed cell samples.
According to histological types, adenocarcinoma was classified into papillary, non-papillary and scirrhous ones and degree of cell dispersion was evaluated. Well dispersed cell samples were obtained from four of 11 papillary-31 of 41 non-papillary-, and two of three scirrhous carcinomas. Papillary carcinoma was the most difficult to produce a monolayer of isolated cells. According to cellular differentiation, adenocarcinomaadenocarcinoma was classified into well, moderately and poorly differentiated ones. Well dispersed cell samples were obtained from 9 of 17 well-14 of 22 moderately-and 14 of 16 poorly differentiated carcinomas. It was thought that the more cancer cells are differentiated, the more difficult they are to disperse. Though high speed blending was used in this procedure, 46 carcinomas (84%) retained well preserved cytoplasm.
In order to eliminate polymorphonuclear leukocytes from vaginal specimens, which often lead to an erroneous diagnosis of non-cancer cells, streptolysin-O was used to 29 vaginal samples containing a large number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and was considered to be effective for 23 samples (80%).View full abstractDownload PDF (7161K) -
Kazunobu YAHATA, Megumu FUSHIMI, Kazuo KAWAI, Yozom SHAKUDO, Takeshi H ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 398-403
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new technique for collecting cells from sputum using Dithiothreitol (DTT) and a container of sputum specimen were developed. The container is convenient for posting in size and has webs for solving mucus. In the sputum smear sample by this method, mucus is completely dissolved and cells are distributed uniformly on the slide and cell clusters maintain their feature well. The stainability of cytoplasm and nucleus of cancer cells was almost the same as that of the direct smear method. The rate of positive cytologic diagnosis of the samples from pulmonary carcinoma patients was 65% by this method, 22% higher than that by direct smear method using the same sputum. The procedure of this method is simple, requiring only centrifugation but no other apecial apparatus. As many specimens can be handled at once, it is useful for preparing sputum specimens in mass survey.View full abstractDownload PDF (9534K) -
Hikotaro KOMATSU, Kisaburo Ueno, Mitsuo KAWAMURA, Kouji SATO, Takashi ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 404-411
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSixteen patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung were immunocytochemically studied for CEA, keratin, SC and NSE. Seven of these patients were examined by electron microscopy to assess the multipotential in the differentiation of small cell carcinoma.
NSE stain was positive in 10 of 16 patients; neurosecretory granule was positive in four of seven. These findings represent features of neuroendocrine differentiation of small cell carcinoma.
In contrast, keratin was positively stained in six patients, filament in one, desmosome in five secretory granules in five and microvilli in one.
These findings led us to conclude that small cell carcinoma may differentiate to epithelium in cellular characteristics.View full abstractDownload PDF (12910K) -
Tadayuki AKAISHI, Tetsuo SHIMIZU, Eiichi SAKAI1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 412-426
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRabbits received intratracheal instillation of 1 mg of Nmethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) once a week up to ten times. Thirty five rabbits were divided into 4 groups according to the duration of the experiment. Each of them was studied histopathologically and cytologically.
Various histopathologic changes w ere observed in the tracheobronchi of the rabbits. Early in the experiment, goblet cell hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia appeared. Then, mild to severe dysplasia were observed sequentially. Of 26 rabbits that received more than 6 mg of MNNG and survived for more than 8 week, 12 developed squamous cell carcinoma.
Cytologic specimens, such as tracheobronchial secretions, washings and imprint smears, were obtained at necropsy. In some rabbits, tracheal brushing through flexible bronchofiberscope was applied. In an early phase of the experiment, many bizarre cells were observed. These were thought to be cells of an early reaction type. Later in the experiment, atypical metaplastic cells appeared in all the cytologic material. We classified these cells according to the criteria being used in man, and the grading of the cellular atypia was well matched to the histologic diagnosis. Among 6 cancer-bearing rabbits, 2 had false negative cytological diagnoses, which was likely attributable to an incorrect sampling method. Brushing cytology was evaluated as a very useful method for repeatedly obtaining cytologic materials from the desired area.
During the development of experimental squamous cell carcinoma, we gave special attention to dysplasia, the frequency of which increased in proportion to the duration of the experiment and was higher in the rabbits with cancer than without. Moreover, dysplasia and basal cell hyperplasia were often found surrounding the foci of cancer.
We can use the flexible bronchofiberscope to detect induced cancer. This experimental model will be very useful to promote studies on human bronchogenic cancer of central type.View full abstractDownload PDF (17652K) -
Sachiko NAGUMO, Takeshi HORAI, Minoru MATSUDA1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 427-432
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the past two years, sputum cytology was performed on 104 cases of laryngeal cancer and 31 cases of hypopharyngeal cancer.
The specimens for sputum cytology in each patient were taken 1 time per day for 3 days from spontaneous sputum.
The positive ratio of laryngeal cancer was 63.5% and suspicious cases were observed in 7.7%. As the result of laryngeal cancer was staged according to the TNM classification of the International Union Against Cancer. The positive ratio of sputum cytology was 29.4% in T1, 63.3% in T2, 69.7% in T3 and 79.2% in T4, and was significantly different between T1, T2, TS and T4.
The positive ratio of hypopharyngeal cancer was 77.4% and no suspicious cases were observed. The positive ratio of sputum cytology was 80.0% in T2, 73.3% in T3 and 83.3% in T4, and no significant difference was shown between T2, T3 and T4.
There was no significant difference between the cytologic findings of laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer cells found in the sputum. Number of cancer cells found in sputum were not so many. Keratinized cancer cells with glitteringly brilliant orange coloration and small nucleocytoplasmic ratio were characteristic. Nuclear hyperchromasia was not so remarkable.
Patients who are at risk for lung cancer may be also at risk for upper respiratory cancer, so, sputum cytology will be help to discover laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer through screening.View full abstractDownload PDF (7471K) -
Takayuki MORISAWA1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 433-442
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThirty cases of endometrial carcinoma were placed into tissue culture to clarify the variability and characteristic features of the carcinoma inin vitrocell system. Epithelial cell growth was observed on 17 cases (56.7%) and three cell lines (10.0%) were established. The cells were found to form a monolayer with jig-saw puzzled and/or pavement like pattern. Cells of three lines easily tend to pile up and form a hemicyst (HEC-88 nu) or gland-like structure (HEC-59, -108). Histology of the tumor induced in athymic nude mice showed adenocarcinoma which resembled each of the original tumor. Population doubling time of each cell line has been shortening along with generation. The modal number of chromosome of HEC-59 and HEC-108 appears in a diploid range, but a normal karyotype cell is not observed. That of HEC-88 nu reveals a wide range and distributes in high ploidy than that of other two lines. The most effective hormone for growth suppression is individual among three cell lines. It is plausible that progestational and anti-cancer actions of each progestogen on endometrial carcinoma may not be consistent from each other.View full abstractDownload PDF (10004K) -
Teruyo ISRIKAWA, Souei SEKIYA, Hideaki IWASAKI, Bin TAKEDA, Hiroyoshi ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 443-448
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe observed the morphology of two choriocarcinoma cell lines (BeWo and HCCM-5) and the changes induced in themby methotrexate in vitro.
Both cell lines were composed of mononuclear cells and a few multinucleated giant cells.
When exposed to MTX, the uptake of nucleotides, protein and neutral red decreased dose-dependently in both cell lines. After treatment with MTX (10-6M, 48 hours), the DNA, RNA, protein synthesis and survival rate were reduced to 61, 27, 30 and 87% of the nontreated control in the BeWo cells, and 42, 23, 30 and 66% in the HCCM-5 cells. In both cell lines under these same conditions, vaculoes and granules appeared in the cytoplasm, the polymorphous nuclei, became enlarged and hypochromatic and the nucleoli became enlarged or diminished.
We suspect these morphological changes were caused by supression of the DNA, RNA and protein synthesis.View full abstractDownload PDF (5656K) -
Toshikiyo IESAKA, Hiroshi INOUE, Shigeru KIMURA1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 449-456
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of sex hormones on endometrial reparative process after D & C were studied in 109 pregnant women. For this purpose, estradiol valerate (E) 10mg or capronic hydroxyprogesterone (P) 125mg was injected to patients just prior to D & C (29, 35 cases, respectively), and then cytologic specimens were collected by endometrial aspiration on 2-3days and 6-8days after the operation. No hormones were administered in control group (45 cases).
The results are summarized as follows.
1. No remarkable changes were seen in the incidence of endometrial repair cells among three groups.
2. Both hormones, however, suppressed mitotic activity of repair cells.
3. In E treated group, cellular and nuclear size and NC ratio were significantly smaller than those of control group.
Thus, this study demonstrated that sex hormones, especially E exerts inhibitory action in reparative process after endometrial trauma like D & C. The physiological role of this action is thus far unclarified. It is, however, of interest that repair cells which originate from immature gland cells, respond to sex hormones in the different manner as usually seen in mature endometrial gland ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (4235K) -
Shiro MAKIMURA, Hiroshi YAMAMOTO, Shosaku ABE, Yoshikazu KAWAKAMI, Mik ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 457-459
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe patient was 40-year-old man diagnosed as having mycosis fungoides since 1971. In November 5, 1985, chest X-ray film revealed a tumor-like shadow in the right lower lung field and a small nodular shadow in the left lower lung field. In suputum cytology, atypical lymphocytic cells were found. These cells revealed to be round or ovoid in shape, with basophilic staining cytoplasma and a high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. Nuclear chromatin pattern showed coarsely granular chromatin, evenly distributed throughout the nuclei, and also mitosis in several spots. He was treated with combination chemotherapy including Endoxan, Vincristine, Pepleomycin and Predonisolone. The treatment provided transient improvement of the disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (5148K) -
Toshiki HIROSE, Yoko KOKAI, Harumi YAMAMURA, Miharu TSUCHIYA, Tsunehir ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 460-464
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe had an operative patient with a biliary cystadenocarcinoma of the liver originating from the left lobe of the liver.
The patient was a 56 years old woman with a multilocular cystic lesion of the liver. Preoperative aspiration cytology was performed. The aspirate showed mucinous fluid and a benign papillary cluster.
Left lateral segmentectomy of the liver and resection of the remaining fibrous wall of the cyst were performed.
The cut-surface of the resected liver showed different histological conditions, such as solid papillary areas, cysts with low papillary growths, and cysts without papillary projections. We diagnosed the condition as biliary cystadenocarcinoma of the liver, based on the atypism and the infiltration of the tumor cells.
Touch cytology showed a strong union of tumor cells, apical secretory granules in many cells, and several goblettype cells. But the most characteristic finding was the variable grading of atypism at different touch points. This was the same as the histological finding. Because of these local variations preoperative aspiration should be done at several different points.
Electromicrography showed microvilli, apical secretory granules, and intracystoplasmic microcysts.
We conclude from the histological indications that this tumor originated from the epithelium of the bile duct.View full abstractDownload PDF (10344K) -
Motoya NARITA, Takeo NISHINO, Isamu SUGANO, Takao HANAWA, Seiya NABESH ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 465-470
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrimary adenocarcinoma of the jejunum is rare. Only 200 cases have been reported in the last 14years in Japan. We have found no report on the detailed cytology of the tumor. Department of Pathology, Central Laboratory, Chiba Kaihin Hospital;Department of Second Pathology, School of Medicine Chiba University;Department of Gastroenterological Sur gery, Chiba Kaihin Hospital
Department of Obst. and Gynec., Chiba Kaihin Hospital
Recently, we have had a case of primary adenocarcinoma of the jejunum and made a cytological study of it. Also, some tumor markers, i.e., CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 125, were examined serologically and immunohistochemically, with the following results.
1) The tumor cells were almost high columner in shape with round to oval nuclei showing irregularities in shape and thickness of nuclear membrane in more than half of them. The two or three nucleoli were less than 2μ in the greatest diameter. The chromatin patterns were coarse, granular and irregularly dispersed.Cytologically the tumor was a well differentiated papillotubular adenocarcinoma.
2) Serologically there were high titers of CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 125. These could be demonstrated also in the tumor tissue by the PAP method.These tumor markers decreoased to normal levels after the tumor extirpation. Therefore it is possible that the markers can be used to detect tumor recurrence.View full abstractDownload PDF (8308K) -
Hisami YAMAKAWA, Mitsutoshi SHIBA, Yutaka YAMAGUCHI, Takehiko FUJISAWA ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 471-475
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBiological behaviour of thymoma doesn't correspond with morphological finding incidentally and morphological nonmalignant thymoma sometimes shows metastasis or direct invasion to an adjacent organ. We have reported a case of malignant thymoma of 41-year-old male diagnosed as malignant thymoma by preoperative percutaneous fine needle biopsy.Chest X-ray examination showed anterior mediastinal mass lesion which invade to trachea and superior vena-cava. Fine needle biopsy specimen showed highly pleomorphic tumor cells with high N/C ratio surrounded by necrotizing cell debris.Nuclear chromatin was coarse and shape of nucleus was irregular.
Histological examination of operation material also showed nests of prominent atypical and pleomorphic tumor cells which invade into surrounding tissues.It was speculated such a type of thymic tumor could be diagnosed as thymic carcinoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (9631K) -
A report of two cases and its PAS stainKatsumasa SHIMADA, Masumi FURUTANI, Hisako TANIGUCHI, Hiromasa KATAYAM ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 476-481
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo cases of diffuse epithelial malignant mesothelioma were reported cytologically and histologically.
Case 1 was 75-year-old man with peritoneal papillary mesothelioma and case 2 was 79-year-old man with left pleural papillo-tubular mesothelioma.These two cases showed cytologically similar findings as described below.
The tumor cells were medium-large cells with 20-50 μm in diameter. Numerous free large round tumor cells together with clusters were recognized.The cytoplasm of these tumor cells were deeply stained with light-green but pale in peripheral marginal zones circumferentialy as though ring-like fashion.These pale areas, in the other hand, were positively stained diffusely and/or granulary with PAS reaction and were disappeared by the pretreatment of diastase. These findings were considered to be the key points to diagnose as the tumor cells were derived from mesothelium. Therefore, the two cases were finally diagnosed cytologically as epithelial malignant mesotheliomas.
It may be possible to diagnose cytologically in the case of epithelial type of malignant mesothelioma, by means of the recognition of differentiated mesothelioma cells with both mesothelial characteristics and the criteria of the malignancy.View full abstractDownload PDF (7527K) -
Yuko AIZAWA, Thizuko KUWAE, Hiroshi AIZAWA, Fumiko KUGA, Nobuyuki FUKU ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 482-486
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe histological picture and the clinical progress of immature teratoma of the ovary are variant.Presented here is a case whose cytology of ascites was useful to predict progress of the disease.
The patient was a housewife of 29-years-old and underwent an abdominal right salpingooophorectomy with left ovarian wedge resection.Post-operative diagnosis of immature teratoma of the right ovary, stage Ic, grade 3 was reported, and immature tissue of the teratoma was limited only to the nerves.After 4 months of post operative VAQ (vincristin, actinomycin D, carboquon) chemotherapy, metastesis to lymphonodes occurred and LDH was elevated. After follow up with PVP (cisplatin, vinblastin, pepleomycin) chemotherapy, LDH decreased and the lymphonodes became smaller, but thereafter LDH rose again and ascites with ileus appeared. The patient died of gastrointestional bleeding after one and half years postoperation.
Immature neural implants on the peritoneum was diagnosed because cytological picture of ascites was resembling to that of neuroblastoma and s 100 protein in cytoplasma of the malignant cells was steind by PAP method. Autopsy material revealed metastasis to lymphonodes and peritoneal dissemination which were consisted of immature nerve tissues. LDH was more useful than Alpha-fetoprotein as tumor marker.
Cytological findings of ascites were as following.
Cells were various in sige and small cells wew resembling to lymphocytes and nuclei were hyperchromatic. Larger cells with scanty elongated cytoplasma had nuclei of chromatin which had reticular network.Nuclear membrens were not thick.View full abstractDownload PDF (9834K) -
Cytomorphology, surface markers and chromosomal analysis of ascites cellsShoji KAJIWARA, Kazuhiko IWAMOTO, Ryoji KOBAYASHI, Takeshi TAKAMI, Tak ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 487-492
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAscites cells from a 11-year-old boy who had an ileocecal tumor, were served as a karyotype analysis and surface marker study as well as conventional histopathological investigation. The results showed that the cells contained multiple cytoplasmic vacuoles consisting of neutral fat, possesed B-cell surface markers (L-26, L-27) and had translocation, t (8: 14).
Thus, it is concluded that diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma could be made by examining cytomorphology, immunochemistry and karyotyping of the ascitic cells without obtaining biopsy specimen.View full abstractDownload PDF (8552K) -
Masamichi KASHIMURA, Shinji BABA, Shuji NAKAMURA, Shigehisa IWAI, Fusa ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 493-498
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of postirradiation dysplasia which occured 3 years after radiotherapy for the uterine cervix cancer was reported with a longterm follow-up and close cytologic observation. Cytologic findings showed smaller cell and nuclear area, larger relative nuclear area, and more frequent irregular cytoplasmic configulation as compared with those in nonirradiated dysplasia. This lesion was followed up during 2 and a half years, and some cytologic changes were observed. The patient was finally treated by bleomycin ointment.View full abstractDownload PDF (8408K) -
A case reportShin-Zon CHEN, Hideo TESHIMA, Syuichiro HINO, Ryo MATSUOKA, Hiroyuki M ...1987 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 499-503
Published: May 22, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of granuloma inguinale in a 21-year-old pregnant woman was reported.This is thought to be the first report of a female patient in Japan.
Oil-immersion microscopy of a touch preparation of the ulceration, stained with Papanicolaou stain, showed an acute, inflammatory exudate and numerous PMN and histocytes laden with Donovan bodies.A biopsy specimen stained with slow Giemsa stain showed massive inflammatory infiltration comprising plasma and mononuclear cells and intracellular and extracellular Donovan bodies in the dermis.
The fetus was operatively delivered to avoid contamination through the birth canal and the ulcerations were completely healed by long-term administration of antibiotics.View full abstractDownload PDF (5956K)
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