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Volume 45, Issue 4
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Kiyokazu HARA, Yoshitaka KATSURA, Ryoji KUSHIMA, Shuhei INOUE, Kenji J ...2006 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 219-226
Published: July 22, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: Bronchial brush and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology specimens (collectively, bronchial cytology specimens) were reviewed to establish highly sensitive diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis.
Study Design: Among bronchial cytology specimens showing inflammation with neutrophils and/or necrosis, we first screened hyphae and calcium oxalate crystals, followed by immunofluorescence fungal staining and electron microscopic observation.
Results: We detected 27 cases of pulmonary aspergillosis and 2 of pulmonary actinomycosis from 148 specimens with inflammatory and/or necrotic backgrounds. Among 29 cases, only 13 were diagnosed by conventional Papanicolaou staining, whereas 16 required immunofluorescence fungal staining. The presence of calcium oxalate crystals was helpful in detecting suspected aspergillosis in 3 of the 29. Electron microscopy showed thin, ruptured fungal walls, which would account for less effective Papanicolaou staining.
Conclusion: To diagnose pulmonary aspergillosis efficiently, it is important to find calcium oxalate crystals first when examining bronchial cytology specimens with inflammation and necrosis, then to add immunofluorescence fungal staining.View full abstractDownload PDF (3585K) -
Hidehiro TAKEI, Hiroyoshi SUZUKI2006 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 227-231
Published: July 22, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: We evaluated the cytomorphologic features of medulloblastoma, with emphasis on the differential diagnosis and the utility of cytologic examination during intraoperative consultation (IOC).
Study Design: Cytology smears prepared during IOC regarding 43 cases of a pure histologic type of medulloblastoma, defined as >80% of the tumor being composed of one of the three major histologic types: classic (C), nodular (N), and large cell/anaplastic (LC/A), were reviewed.
Results: The C and N types, which were cytologically indistinguisheble each from other, showed features similar to those of pulmonary small cell carcinoma. The LC/A type appeared as diffuse sheets of large markedly pleomorphic cells containing brisk mitotic activity figures and prominent nucleoli. Cannibalism, pleomorphism, macronucleoli, apoptosis, mitosis, and cytoplasmic vacuoles were more prominent in the LC/A type than in the non-LC/A (NLCA) types. Rosette formation was seen in all three types. Interesting cytological features included paranuclear intracytoplasmic inclusions, cytoplasmic vacuolations, and cannibalism.
Conclusion: Intraoperative cytologic evaluation of the frequency of cannibalism, macronucleoli, apoptosis, mitoses, and cytoplasmic vacuolations, as well as the degree of nuclear pleomorphism enable differentiation between LC/A type and NLCA types, during IOC, which can be prognostically useful information. Rosette formation is not a discriminator. Atypical teratoid/ rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is the major differential diagnosis. Detecting rhabdoid cells and/or rosettes favors ATRT.View full abstractDownload PDF (3028K) -
Seiko OGURA, Keiko SHIMIZU, Satsuki EGI, Yoshiaki NORIMATSU, Masami SA ...2006 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 232-237
Published: July 22, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: We attempted to devise a suitable method of smear preparation to detect low grade urothelial carcinomas.
Study Design: We examined 170 and 50 voided urine specimens with corresponding histological diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma Gradel of the former and false suspicious of the latter. Four methods of preparation of these urine samples were group A: centrifugal direct smear by autosmear; group S: two slides pull method using centrifuge sediment; group SS: group S with spray fixation; group C: centrifugal direct smear by cytospin. In group A, group S and group SS, cytology slides were stained by the Papanicolaou method and May-Giemsa method. In group C, cytology slides were stained by the Papanicolaou method alone. The results of cytological diagnosis according to the method of preparation and the false-suspicion rate were analyzed using the x2 test.
Results: No significant differences were found among the four methods, but the false-suspicion rate was higher in group A than in group SS (p<0.05).
Conclusion: (1) The two slide-pull method using centrifuged sediment yielded as good results as the centrifugal direct method by cytospin and autosmear.(2) The two slide-pull method is more suitable for Giemsa stain preparation than centrifugal direct method by cytospin and autosmear.View full abstractDownload PDF (1789K) -
Naomi KAMIMURA, Shoji KODAMA, Motoi SASAGAWA, Shigeru HONMA, Kazufumi ...2006 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 238-241
Published: July 22, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: To clarify the histological diagnosis of women who were initially cytodiagnosed as having class III or III a findings in the uterine cervix.
Study Design: Histological examinations were performed by colposcopy at our hospital in women who had been cytodiagnosed as having class III or III a findings of the uterine cervix between 2001 and 2003.
Results: Among the 289 women who were examined (45 initially diagnosed as class III and 244 initially diagnosed as class III a), the following histological assessments were made: 39 cases of mild dysplasia, 19 cases of moderate dysplasia, 33 cases of severe dysplasia, 40 cases of carcinoma in situ, and 14 cases of invasive carcinoma. However, neoplastic lesions were not histologically detected in 142 (49.1%) of the patients (53.3% were initially cytodiagnosed as having class III cervical cancer, and 48.4% were initially cytodiagnosed as having class III a cervical cancer).
Conclusion: Neoplastic lesions were not histologically confirmed in approximately 50% of the women who were initially cytodiagnosed as class III or II a during cervical cancer screening. This finding suggests that cytology for human papillomavirus (HPV) influenced the Japanese classification system, compared with the Bethesda classification system.View full abstractDownload PDF (690K) -
Usefulness for predicting prognosis of Endometrial cancer before therapyYukari NISHIMURA, Jun WATANABE, Toshiko JOBO, Miwa KAWAGUCHI, Tsutomu ...2006 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 242-249
Published: July 22, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: We evaluated the applicability and usefulness of immunocytochemical staining for cyclin A, p53, ER-a, PR-B in preoperatively predicting the prognosis of endometrial carcinoma using endometrial cytology with the Thinlayer method.
Study Design: Cytological specimens from 44 patients with endometrial carcinoma prepared with the Thinlayer method were used. The results of immunocytochemical staining for cyclin A, p53, ER-a, and PR-B were compared to clinicopathological parameters.
Results: Patients positive for cyclin A and p53 and negative for PR-B and ER-a appeared to have unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics such as high grade histology, advanced clinical stage, lymphovascular space involvement (LVSI), and deeper myometrial invasion (MI). In contrast, patients positive for ER-a and PR-B and negative for cyclin A and p53 had favorable characteristics such as well-differentiated tumor, early clinical stage, negative LVSI, and less MI. Immunocytochemical results between preoperative and operative specimens correlated positively.
Conclusion: Consistent specimens prepared using the Thinlayer method enabled multiple immunocytochemical staining. Endometrial cytology using the Thinlayer method is useful in predicting the prognosis of endometrial cancer before therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (2023K) -
Akiko KONNAI, Akira OBARA, Akira KANAMORI, Morio TAMARU, Jyunko TAMARU ...2006 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 250-253
Published: July 22, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBackground: Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is a rare salivery gland tumor that manifests a low grade of malignancy. We report a case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland.
Case: A 65-year-old man was diagnosed with a tumor of the left parotid gland based on the X-ray computed tomography (CT) findings, and the tumor was surgically resected. Imprint smears revealed denuded large cells containing fine chromatin and prominent nucleoli, and an epithelial cluster composed of small cells and mucous globules.
Histological examination showed that the tumor was composed of a biphasic cell population consisting of cytokeratin-positive ductal cells and α-SMA-and S-100 protein-positive myoepithelial cells, and revealed small mucous globules and perineural invasion. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma.
Conclusion: To make an accurate diagnosis, it is important to be aware that epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is composed of a biphasic cell population, namely, of ductal cells and myoepithelial cells, and this carcinoma from needs to be differentiated adenoid cystic carcinoma due to mucous globules.View full abstractDownload PDF (1812K) -
Tsutomu HARADA, Ayako SASAKI, Kiyomi SUGISAWA, Masanori HANDA, Syouji ...2006 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 254-258
Published: July 22, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBackground: Extramedullary plasmacytoma originating in a submandibular gland is extremely rare. We report a case of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the submandibular gland.
Case: A 62-year-old man noticed a slowly expanding swelling in the left submandibular area. Aspiration cytology for a left submandibular gland tumor was performed 10-months later. and based on the presence of a few scattered atypical cells showing unevenly distributed nuclear chromatin and high N/C ratio, we made a tentative diagnosis of plasmacytoid myoepithelioma. 2-months late a tumor measuring 5.0×4.0× 4.0 cm was surgically resected from the left submandibular gland. Macroscopically, the resected tumor showed solid and peripherally invasive growth. Histological examination revealed medullary proliferation of tumor cells containing abundant oxyphilic cytoplasm and a peripherally located nucleus containing unevenly distributed chromatin. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells stained red with Methylgreen-Pyronin stain, and electron microscopic examination revealed a well-developed rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. Immunohistochemical staining of the tumor cells showed positive immunoreactivity for CD45, CD138, IgA, and light chain (κ). Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as an extramedullary plasmacytoma.Conclusion: Plasmacytoma of the submandibular gland is extremely rare. It has a better prognosis than plasma cell myeloma, but can undergo a transition to plasma cell myeloma. Serum bio chemical tests do not show the characteristic pattern of extramedullary plasmacytoma. Aspiration cytology is effective tool for the diagnosis of extramedullary plasmacytoma. There are some differential diagnosis includes acinic cell carcinoma, oncocytic carcinoma, myoepithelioma, malignant lymphoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and other tumors of the submandibular gland. It is important to observe the characteristic features and/or appearance of tumor cells and perform immunohistochemical staining and an electron microscopic examination.View full abstractDownload PDF (4092K) -
Sachiko NAGAI, Shinichi TSUCHIYA, Haruaki SATO, Munehiro YOKOYAMA, Koi ...2006 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 259-262
Published: July 22, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: November 08, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBackground: We report a case of invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the male breast.
Case: A 73-year-old man seen for a painless hard 7 mm mass lateral to the right nipple was found in fine-needle aspiration cytology to have many clusters of small to medium sized cancer cells characterized by a relatively clear cytological background and marked protrusion of the cytoplasm at the periphery of clusters (lumenforming and solid types ; L and S types). Cell clusters with fibrovascular stalks were noted at many points (papillary subtype; P subtype).
Histologically, the lesion showed the typical features of invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) separated by a mesh-like stroma. A papillary architecture (P subtype) was noted histologically, endorsing cytological findings. Observation of serial sections revealed continuity of the L and S types IMPC and P subtype IMPC to the papillotubular carcinoma with small fibrovascular stalks.
Conclusion: Based on these findings, we propose adding the “P type”(papillary subtype), resembling papillotubular carcinoma, to the conventional classification of IMPC.View full abstractDownload PDF (2005K)
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