All issues
Volume 46 (1993)
- Issue 6 Pages 451-
- Issue 5 Pages 379-
- Issue 4 Pages 271-
- Issue 3 Pages 199-
- Issue 2 Pages 107-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Predecessor
Volume 46, Issue 3
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Kazuhiko YAMATOYA, Keiji SEKIYA, Hiroyuki YAMADA, Tomio ICHIKAWA1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 199-203
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGuar gum, a water-soluble polysaccharide, has various physiological effects as a dietary fiber. Guar gum partially hydrolyzed enzymatically gives a solution of lower viscosity than intact guar gum. In this study, we investigated the influence of partially hydrolyzed guar gum on blood glucose and lipid levels in healthy humans. A glucose tolerance test was performed by giving 15g of partially hydrolyzed guar gum dissolved in 150ml of water and 75g of glucose dissolved in 200ml of water to each of five healthy volunteers. Ingestion of partially hydrolyzed guar gum tended to suppress the increases in both blood glucose and insulin, and there were significant mean suppressions (P<0.05) of glucose and insulin levels at 60min and 90min after glucose administration, respectively. However, there was no delay in the glucose level peak time. In a lipid tolerance test, each of six healthy volunteers was given an omelette prepared from 50g butter and five eggs, followed by 15g of partially hydrolyzed guar gum dissolved in 150ml of water. Blood total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and phospholipid tended to be reduced by the intake of partially hydrolyzed guar gum. The levels of some of these lipids were significantly decreased at various times after the intake of partially hydrolyzed guar gum.View full abstractDownload PDF (906K) -
Yoko SAITO, Koto YOSHIDA, Chifumi SAKAINO1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 205-210
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of dietary fiber prepared from raw and fried carrot on protein utilization was examined in rats. Dietary fiber was prepared from raw and fried carrot by dehydration and defatting with acetone and ether. The raw and fried carrot dietary fibers (raw and fried DF) contained 61% and 55% dietary fiber measured by the enzymatic-gravimetric method on a dry weight basis. Young rats were fed protein or protein-free diets including 4% cellulose, and 20% raw or fried DF supplement for two weeks. Feces and urine were collected for the last three days of the feeding period. Nitrogen content of the diet, feces and urine was determined by the Kjeldhal method. The weight of dried feces in the raw DF diet group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups. Both the raw and fried DF diets resulted in a slight decrease of apparent protein digestibility, but did not change true pratein digestibility. The fried DF diet produced a significant increase in N balance and biological values when compared to the raw DF diet (p<0.05). These results suggest that cooking produces same changes in the effects of carrot dietary fiber on protein utilization.View full abstractDownload PDF (1282K) -
Kensuke FUKUI, Toshiaki AOYAMA, Yukio HASHIMOTO, Takashi YAMAMOTO1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 211-216
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of extrusion and frying of soybean protein isolate (SPI) on plasma cholesterol level and protein value were studied in growing male rats given five different diets, The control diet consisted of 20% casein. In the other diets, 50% of the casein in the control diet was replaced by SPI (N-SPI), SPI textured by extrusion (T-SPI), fried T-SPI (F-SPI) or fried chicken (F-Ckn). Total plasma cholesterol levels in the N-SPI, T-SPI, and F-SPI diet groups were significantly lower than in the control or F-Ckn group. Fecal neutral and acidic steroid excretion in the N-SPI, T-SPI, F-SPI and F-Ckn diet groups were all higher than in the control group. There were no differences in plasma cholesterol level, fecal steroid excretion, apparent protein digestibility or biological value among the NSPI, T-SPI and F-SPI diet groups, These results suggest that extrusion and frying of SPI does not affect the protein value or plasma cholesterol-lowering effect of SPI.View full abstractDownload PDF (1146K) -
Hayato UMEKAWA, Masaya FUJIHARA, Yukio FURUICHI, Takao TAKAHASHI, Mits ...1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 217-222
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of a chloroform/methanol extract of a peptic digest of several proteins on Ca2+/calmodulinstimulated rat brain phosphodiesterase I (PDE I) was investigated. The concentration of the extract from zein producing 50% inhibition of the PDE I was 144μg/ml. This value was 4 to 8 times lower than that for extracts of other proteins, such as ovalbumin, soy protein, and casein. The extract from zein had little or no effect on the activity of PDE I in the absence of calmodulin. These observations suggest that the extract from zein may contain some potent calmodulin-antagonistic peptide. Using an ODS column (Cosmosil C18), chloroform/methanol-extracted peptides from the peptic digest of zein were separated into several fractions. The most effective fraction produced 50% inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulinstimulated PDE I at 53μg/ml, and this fraction was purified to homogeneity. The sequence of the peptide was found to be AGILPLSPLF, which is identical to part of B-zein.View full abstractDownload PDF (1181K) -
Puming HE, Sakiyo YAMAOKA-KOSEKI, Kyoden YASUMOTO1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 223-226
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study was designed to assess the effects of a high-protein diet on the activities of several enzymes involved in the cellular antioxidative defence mechanism. Two strains of mice, a senescence-prone series (SAM-P/1) and a senescence-resistant series (SAM-R/1), were each divided into two groups, and fed either a control (20% casein) or a high-protein (40% casein) diet, respectively, for 11 months from the age of 2 months. Blood and liver were assayed for specific activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase, and the levels of oxidized protein. Ingestion of the high-protein diet decreased the specific activity of catalase in the erythrocytes from both strains of mice, and decreased that of SOD in liver from both strains of mice; however the activity of SOD in erythrocytes from SAM-R/1 was increased. In accordance with these changes, ingestion of the high-protein diet produced an increase in the level of oxidized protein, compared with ingestion the control diet, in erythrocytes from SAM-R/1, and a much more significant increase in erythrocytes from SAM-P/1. There was also an increase in the level of oxidized protein in plasma from SAM-P/1. These results are largely, if not completely, consistent with the notion that high-protein ingestion accelerates the cellular aging process by augmenting the level of oxidized protein in erythrocytes.View full abstractDownload PDF (870K) -
Satoko TAKASAKI, Yoshio KAJIWARA, Katsuaki KITABATAKE1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 227-232
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of dried yeast on fetal growth was studied in pregnant rats with iron-deficiency anemia. Female Wistar rats were fed standard commercial (CRF-1 ; Oriental Yeast, 15.0mg Fe/100g) or purified iron-deficient (1.0mg Fe/100g) diets for 3 weeks prior to gestation. Latent iron deficiency was observed in the rats fed the iron-deficient diets. The animals were mated at 10 weeks of age. On day 1 of pregnancy, the rats in each group were divided randomly into two groups, and fed purified control or 25% dried yeast diets containing 5.0mg Fe/100g during gestation. On day 21 of pregnancy, red blood cell count, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and the iron contents of the serum, liver and spleen were decreased, and iron-deficiency anemia was evident in all groups. The rats fed the control diets under latent iron deficiency showed more frequent fetal resorptions on day 21 of pregnancy. However, the rats fed the 25% dried yeast diets under latent iron deficiency, as well as those of the two groups fed standard commercial diets prior to gestation, showed few fetal resorptions. In both of the groups fed the standard commercial and iron-deficient diets, the rats fed 25% dried yeast showed a significantly higher fetal weight (g/fetus) on day 21 of pregnancy than those fed the control diets. These results suggest that dried yeast could be useful for fetal growth in pregnant rats with iron-deficiency anemiaView full abstractDownload PDF (1225K) -
Kaoru TACHIYASHIKI, Kazuhiko IMAIZUMI, Saori HARADA, Akiko MORI1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 233-239
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of coconut oil (0.5 and 1.0g·kg-1 BW) on plasma ethanol levels in male rats was examined. When coconut oil was administered orally to rats 30 min before oral administration of ethanol (1.0g·kg-1 BW), the maximum plasma ethanol concentration decreased dose-dependently and the time to reach the maximum plasma ethanol concentration was delayed significantly, without changing the disappearance time of plasma ethanol. The proportion of ethanol remaining in the stomach was significantly higher with oral administration of coconut oil (1.0g·kg-1 BW). A high negative correlation (r=·0.91, p<0.001) between the maximum plasma ethanol concentration and the proportion of ethanol remaining in the stomach was observed. On the other hand, when coconut oil (1.0g·kg-1 BW) was administered orally to rats 30 min before intraperitoneal injection of ethanol (1.0g·kg-1 BW), no effect of coconut oil on the plasma ethanol level was found. These results suggest that slowing of gastric emptying is the major mechanism responsible for the decreasing and delaying actions on plasma ethanol levels by coconut oil.View full abstractDownload PDF (1523K) -
Puming HE, Kyoden YASUMOTO1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 241-243
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of selenium deficiency on the antioxidative status of erythrocytes from male SAM-R/1 mice were studied. The erythrocytes were obtained from mice fed Torula yeast-based, Se-deficient and Se-adequate diets for one year. The erythrocytes obtained were separated into 4 fractions of different cell density by densitygradient centrifugation, and the respective fractions were compared for activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase and catalase and for the levels of oxidized protein. Se deficiency depressed GSHPx activities significantly (about 90%) in all 4 density fractions, but depressed superoxide dismutase and catalase activities non-significantly in the respective density fractions and also in the whole erythrocyte fraction. The levels of oxidized protein were significantIy higher in the 3 low-density fractions from Se-deficient mice than in the corresponding fractions from Se-adequate mice. These results indicate that Se deficiency impairs cellular antioxidative status, inflicts oxidative damage on erythrocytes, and accelerates their aging.View full abstractDownload PDF (582K) -
Yuko AYANO, Hiroo SANADA, Yukari EGASHIRA, Masashi OHTUKA, Chew Chuang ...1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 244-247
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (733K) -
Sumizo TANUSI, Yasuo SUZUKI, Keitaro NISHIYAMA1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 248-251
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (656K) -
Momoko YAMAGUCHI, Masako IWAYA, Nobuo YOSIIKE, Yasuhiro MATSUMURA, Hei ...1993 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 252-255
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (686K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|