巻号一覧
58 巻 (2011)
- 4 号 p. 99-
- 3 号 p. 73-
- 2 号 p. 41-
- 1 号 p. 1-
58 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
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Original Contribution
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KAZUHIRO MIKAGI, RYUICHI KAWAHARA, HISAFUMI KINOSHITA, SHIGEAKI AOYAGI2011 年 58 巻 1 号 p. 1-8
発行日: 2011/02/28
公開日: 2011/10/26
ジャーナル フリーNo consensus has been reached concerning the effects of preoperative immunonutrition in patients undergoing hepatectomy. We evaluated the effects of immunonutrition before hepatectomy on perioperative management. This study was performed as a randomized controlled trial. Patients expected to undergo segmentectomy or more extensive hepatectomy for liver tumors were randomized to immunonutrition (IM) and control (C) groups each consisting of 13 patients. The IM group was given 750 ml of IMPACT in addition to half-size hospital meals orally from 5 days before to the day before surgery, and the C group was given conventional hospital meals. The blood level of eicosapentaenoic acid was elevated preoperatively in all patients of the IM group. The white blood cell count and interleukin 6 levels, which are indices of postoperative inflammation, were significantly lower in the IM group. As regards liver function, postoperative increases in the aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransaminase levels were slightly suppressed in the IM group. No significant difference was noted in postoperative complications or duration of postoperative hospital stay. In patients undergoing hepatectomy, preoperative immunonutrition reduced inflammation and protected against liver dysfunction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (756K) -
MUNETSUGU NISHIMURA, TAKEHARU KOGA, TOMOKO KAMIMURA, RUMI SATO, HIROKI ...2011 年 58 巻 1 号 p. 9-14
発行日: 2011/02/28
公開日: 2011/10/26
ジャーナル フリーPatients with asthma are often complicated by allergic rhinitis, and the intimate pathophysiological association between allergic rhinitis and asthma often imposes a significant morbidity on affected individuals. The present study was conducted to assess the clinical efficacies of leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) and anti-histamines on asthma as an add-on therapy in patients with asthma complicated by allergic rhinitis. Consecutive patients with asthma were recruited to fill in systematic self-administered questionnaires concerning symptoms and conditions related to asthma and allergic rhinitis. The questionnaire was conducted twice, one month apart, and the attending physicians gave detailed information on disease control and medications on both occasions. In the study 3,140 patients with asthma participated, and 634 had concomitant allergic rhinitis (mean age: 53.1, 389 female). The second survey disclosed that treatment with LTRAs or anti-histamines had been added in 26 patients and 19 patients, respectively, without any changes in other medications. There were no significant differences in age, gender, severity of disease, or baseline treatments. The initial survey indicated that the patients who were treated with LTRAs had significantly more severe asthma-related symptoms (i.e. wheeze, cough and sleep disturbance) and experienced greater dissatisfaction with the treatment than did those who were treated with anti-histamines. The second survey disclosed significant reductions in sneezing (p=0.03), rhinorrhea (p=0.01), dyspnea (p=0.046), sleep disturbance (p=0.02), over-all asthma symptoms (p=0.013), and an improvement in satisfaction with treatment (p=0.019) in patients to whom LTRAs were added-on, whereas the patients receiving anti-histamines reported no significant changes in these symptoms. These results suggest that LTRAs are more effective than anti-histamines as an add-on therapy in symptomatic patients with asthma complicated by allergic rhinitis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (567K) -
TAKAHIKO ITO, YASUNORI MISHIMA, ASUKA ITO, NAOMITSU KAMEYAMA, HIDEKI H ...2011 年 58 巻 1 号 p. 15-20
発行日: 2011/02/28
公開日: 2011/10/26
ジャーナル フリーEndocannabinoid anandamide, arachidonylethanolamine (AEA), is considered to be a causative mediator of hemorrhagic or septic shock, inducing death of several types of cells by producing free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Propofol contains a phenolic hydroxyl group that donates electrons to the free radicals, and thus functions as an antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of propofol against AEA-induced cell injury. After incubation with propofol at concentrations of 10, 50 or 100 μM, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with 10 μM of AEA for 24 h. ROS production, caspase-3 activity, and cell viability were evaluated 1, 8, and 24 h after the administration of 10 μM of AEA, respectively. Propofol (50 μM) significantly attenuated cell death induced by AEA, showing a protective effect against ROS production and caspase-3 activity. These results suggest that propofol at concentrations used during clinical anesthesia protects HUVECs against AEA-induced injury, in part by suppressing apoptosis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1592K) -
TOSHIRO SHINOZAKI, MASAFUMI GOTOH, YASUHIRO MITSUI, YOSHIMASA HIRAI, T ...2011 年 58 巻 1 号 p. 21-26
発行日: 2011/02/28
公開日: 2011/10/26
ジャーナル フリーFor successful total knee arthroplasty (TKA), it is very important to gain an accurate grasp of the mechanical axis of the lower limb and establish a suitable ligament balance. Recently, TKA using navigation systems has been developed to accomplish more accurate component placement and to achieve a better understanding of the mechanical axis. The purpose of this study was to compare the radiological results of computer-navigated TKA with those of conventional TKA. We prospectively evaluated 75 primary TKAs (75 subjects) that were performed using a cruciate-retaining prosthesis of the same model at our institution. The subjects were allocated alternately to a navigation group (37 knees) and a conventional group (38 knees). Postoperative radiographs were taken in the standing position at 12 weeks after surgery, and were evaluated in accordance with the report of Bäthis et al. [1]. No significant difference in preoperative profiles was observed between the two groups. At the postoperative radiographic evaluation, significantly better results were obtained in the navigation group with regard to the mechanical axis and the component, but the results were less conclusive in the lateral femoral component position. Our findings suggest that computer-navigated TKA is useful for obtaining more accurate results. However, the present study was limited by the small number of subjects and short follow-up period, and therefore further study involving more subjects and a longer-term follow-up will be needed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (662K) -
CHIZUKO KAWABE, KIICHIRO MORITA, YOSHIHISA SHOJI, RYO FUJIKI, ATSUSHI ...2011 年 58 巻 1 号 p. 27-33
発行日: 2011/02/28
公開日: 2011/10/26
ジャーナル フリーThe relationship between mother and baby is of fundamental importance in the development of cognitive function and emotion. In this study we investigated the effects of affective photographs of a mother and baby (crying or smiling faces) and other stimuli (neutral mother or baby faces) on visual cognitive function in schizophrenic patents. We recorded exploratory eye movements in 22 healthy controls and 22 age-matched schizophrenic patients. Total number of right and left field gaze points (right TNGP, left TNGP) in the visual fields were determined using an eye-mark recorder as subjects viewed affectively charged or neutral photographs (crying, smiling or neutral faces). Left TNGP for all mother photographs (crying, smiling or neutral) were significantly larger in controls than patients, and right TNGP for neutral mother photographs were significantly larger in controls than in patients. Right TNGP for photographs of smiling babies were significantly larger in controls than patients, and left TNGP for photographs of both smiling and crying babies were significantly larger in controls than patients. Within the patient group, right TNGP were significantly larger than left TNGP for all mother photographs (crying, smiling or neutral). Left TNGP for photographs of mothers and babies correlated negatively with negative symptom scores. These results suggest that exploratory eye movements when viewing emotionally laded twin stimuli such as photographs of a mother and baby are a useful marker of visual cognitive function in both healthy controls and schizophrenic patients.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1075K) -
AKIRA ISHIBASHI, YOSHITAKE YOKOKURA, HISASHI ADACHI2011 年 58 巻 1 号 p. 35-39
発行日: 2011/02/28
公開日: 2011/10/26
ジャーナル フリーAlthough chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common entities encountered in neurosurgical practice, optimal surgical treatment for CSDH remains controversial. This study retrospectively compared results for CSDH between burr hole drainage alone and burr hole drainage with irrigation. Ninety-two patients with CSDH underwent surgery at our institution from January 1998 through December 2009. Fifty-eight patients received burr hole drainage alone (Group A), while 34 patients were treated using burr hole drainage with irrigation (Group B). Outcomes, recurrence rates, and death rates for the two groups were analyzed. Age, sex ratio, consciousness level on admission, radiodensity of hematoma on computed tomography before surgery, and duration of hospitalization were nearly the same in both groups. No significant differences were seen in good outcomes or death rates between groups, but poor outcomes were significantly more frequent in Group A (p=0.009). The recurrence rate was higher in Group A compared to Group B (10.3% vs. 2.9%). The authors used logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with the outcome of CSDH, and found that duration of hospital stay, anti-coagulant therapy, presence of dementia and burr hole drainage alone were significantly associated with poor outcome of CSDH. These results indicate that burr hole drainage with irrigation has a significantly stronger association with good outcomes compared to drainage alone, and could be a reliable and effective operative method for the treatment of CSDH with a lower recurrence rate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (567K)
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