Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been promised as low-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. However, there is little predictive marker of recurrence of lung cancer. Recent deep sequencing studies have revealed the existence of non-miRBase-type miRNAs, such as miRNA isoforms (isomiRs), in various cells and tissues. In this study, we determined the serum miRNA profile of a non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient, pre- and post-surgical resection, by RNA deep sequencing. A total of 550 mature miRNAs were detected in the patient’s serum. A greater number of isomiRs than miRBase-type miRNAs was detected. In addition, 13 novel miRNA candidates were identified. In an analysis of known miRNAs, marked differences in the levels of three isomiRs and one miRBase-type miRNA were observed between the serum samples. Among these miRNAs, the number of reads of two isomiRs and one novel miRNA candidate in a serum sample obtained 5 months before recurrence was approximately 7.0〜14.9 times as many as those in a serum sample obtained 7 weeks after surgical resection. Thus, the serum levels of these three miRNA molecules may increase markedly before the recurrence of NSCLC.

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine and consider sex and Household Structure in order to clarify the facts about factors for inherent “strengths” of the elderly.
Method : Conducted an anonymous self-completed questionnaire via a mail survey among 600 elderly individuals who are over 65 years old living alone in city A.
Results : It was revealed that female elderly individuals have better results in terms of their health function, having a lot of things to live for, and self-esteem compared with male elderly individuals. It was revealed that interacting a lot with others exists as a reason for these factors, being the main “strength” of female elderly individuals. It was revealed that elderly individuals of one-person households are better when it comes to doing housework, having a high ability to live as their “strength.”
Conclusion : Generally, male and one-person household elderly individuals compared to female and non-single household elderly individuals, respectively, are assumed to have difficulty getting someone to watch over them, getting support, receiving counseling, etc. in their daily lives. However, we believe that the high ability to do housework revealed by this survey is their “strength,” and therefore, supporting the reinforcement thereof is important.