The abnormality of bone metabolism is one of the important complications in patients with chronic renal failure well controlled by regular hemodialysis. It is caused mainly by the disturbance of the activation of vitamin D in the diseased kidney. We present two cases of renal osteodystrophies successfully treated with Dihydrotachysterol (DHT). One patient is regularly hemodialyzed for four years and the other one year. Both of them complained of pain in the lower extremities on walking. DHT is the analogues of activated vitamin D that requires no activation by the kidney and usually given 0.375 mg (3 Tabs) every day. After the therapy of four months to six months the osseous pain of lower extremities disappeared completely and the level of serum calcium increased, while serum alkaline-phosphatase was remarkably decreased in the case of hyperalkaline-phosphatasemia. We could conclude that the treatment by DHT against such patients was very effective.

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Recently, the qualitative analysis of urinary protein has made great contribution on the elucidation of pathogenesis, the estimation of prognosis and guide of treatment in patient with glomerulonephritis. In this reports, selectivity of urinary protein was measured as one of the analytical method for the excretion of serum protein into urine. Urinary selectivity was measured using the method of Cameron et al., and selectivity index (S.I.) was calculated in various cases of glomerulonephritis (G N), lupus G N (22 cases), membranous G N (10 cases), minimal change (6 cases), chronic G N (19 cases), and chronic renal failure (18 cases). The data of urinary selectivity was correlated with clinical symptoms and renal histology. No constant results were obtained in patients with lupus nephritis under the steroids treatments, except one cases with low S.I., which was measured before steroid treatment showing remarkable decrease of proteinuria after steroid therapy. S.I. was low in all cases with minimal change and all of them showed also excellent recovery from nephrotic syndrome with steroids. S.I. is low in some cases of membranous GN under steroid treatment. S.I. was high in chronic renal failure and the significant relation existed between S.I. and BUN in chronic G N. It seems likely that the S.I. is associated with the decrease of renal function in chronic renal failure and chronic G N. These results indicate that the measurement of urinary selectivity is very useful tool for the research of glomerulonephritis.

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Plain and filmcoated of Oxoprenolol were administered at a single dose of 40 mg to five healthy male volunteers by cross-over method. Over the following eight hours repeated measurement of plasma-concentration were made. There was not statistically significant difference between plain and film-coated tablet.

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Health examinations were carried out on 14 workers, 6 of them (A-Group) were engaged in lead processing works for 7 to 35 years, and 8 of them (B-Group) administered or helped A-Group for 2 to 24 years. According to the health examination, lead in blood, coproporphyrin and δ-aminolevulinic acid in urine of A-Group were significantly higher level than B-Group, and the value of lead in blood was 73.7±9.9μg/dl, coproporphyrin in urine was 198.0±116.0μg/l and δ-aminolevulinic acid was 10.2±5.7 mg/l. In addition, activity of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in A-Group markedly decreased (184.7±101.8μmolesPBG/h/literRBC). Mobilization test with CaNa_2EDTA as a indicator of long term lead exposure, were high level in both groups, namely, A-Group was 1311±127 μg/Day and B-Group was 847±371μg/Day, but lead in urine was relatively low level in both groups. In other clinical tests, disturbances of kidney and liver were suspected in high lead exposed workers.

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Various examinations were carried out in lead exposed workmen and occupationally unexposed healthy men, and relations of the results were investigated. The correlation between logarithm of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity and blood lead level was highly significant (r=-0.971, p≪0.01). The enzyme activity reflects the degree of lead poisoning more parallelly and sensitively than delta-aminolevulinic acid and coproporphyrin in urine. The enzyme activity measurement is useful in the evaluation of lead exposure, particularly in the lower level and the case exposed in the past. In addition, determination of ratio of the non-heated enzyme activity to the heated enzyme activity seems to be also useful and more specific. In the evaluation of lead exposure in the case exposed in the past, lead mobilization test with CaNa_2EDTA is also of great use.

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Clarifications of the real role of the Sertoli's cell in speratogenesis was attempted, mainly by studying it with on electron microscope. It was found that the theory of the formation of mitochondria by attachment, specially to the tail of the spermatozoon, was different from the conventional theory. It has been said that the mitochondria of the spermatids are attached to the middle piece of the spermatozoon. However, it was found that the mitochondria of the spermatozoons were clealy different from those of the spermatids in such respect as form, size and number. It was found that small and curved mitochnodria in the middle piece of the tail of the spermatozoon consist of the mitochondria in the spermatids and of several reproduced mitochondria.

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Most of circulatory parameters are mutually affected. Then the circulatory experiments is available for a particular condition produced by surgical operation, which has a possibility to disturb the physiological regulation of the circulatory system. Thus it has been tried here to analize the system using a polynomial model with minimum trauma. Assuming that most of circulatory parameters operats to provide cardiac output meeting the requirement of the body, cardiac output F is expressed as a function (polynomial model) of heart rate H and blood pressure P. The model is evaluated by a correlation coefficient R between cardiac output values observed and calculated. The experimantal results are as follows : 1) second order equations of heart rate and blood pressure have high correlation coefficients, indicating non-linearity of the circulatory system, 2) heart rate is more closely related to cardiac output than blood pressure, 3) cardiac output increases with increasing heart rate at constant pressure of 100 mmHg, 4) cardiac output shows slight changes and no particular trends with increasing pressure at constant heart rate of 120 beats/min, 5) a tonus which, corresponding to the tonic activity of assumed cardiac center, are introduced here in the from T=aH+bP ; a, b constants. Cardiac output is given by F=k_0+k_1T+k_2T^2 ; k_0, k_1, k_2 are constants. This model has high correlation coefficient and small values of b/a, suggesting that cardiac output may be controled coasely by heart rate and finely by blood pressure. As described above, mathematical and biological analyses using polynomial models are applicable not only to the circulatory system but also to other biological functions.

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Meny cases of rubella complications have been reported recently at the large outbreaks of rubella in our country. Rubella meningoencephalitis has been regarded as a rare complication of acuired rubella, but it is critical disease which mortality rate is reported over 20%. The pathogenesis of rubella meningoencephalitis has been considered as the direct viral invasion to brain matter, or toxic encephalopathy. In our cases presented here, cerebrospinal fluid contained 500-700 cells per cu mm, most of which are polimorphonuclear cells, in early stages of the disease. One of our three patients died. In this report, we emphasize that rubella infection has critical possibility and we are waiting for the prevention of rubella.

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An electrophysiological study was done in a 62-year-old man who had had sudden, involuntary jerky movements during volitional movements since age 44. There has been no attack of tonic or clonic convulsions EEG revealed a markedly abnormal record with a slowed background activity and diffuse bilateral spikes and polyspikes-wave complexes during flickering light stimulation. Electromyographic studies demonstrated irregular arrhythmic discharges which synchronized in both agonists and antagonists, and the presence of electrically silent periods, lasting up to 200 m Sec. No relationship was found in the time element between EEG and EMG abnormalities, suggesting that there would be no direct correlation between spike activities and myoclonic discharges.

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