巻号一覧
19 巻 (1994)
- 6 号 p. 360-
- 5 号 p. 284-
- 4 号 p. 214-
- 3 号 p. 146-
- 2 号 p. 67-
- 1 号 p. 3-
19 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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佐中 孜, 篠部 道隆, 樋口 千恵子, 二瓶 宏1994 年 19 巻 2 号 p. 67-74
発行日: 1994/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーRecent medical engineering made remarkable progress in the field of blood purification, too. The technological advance lead to expansion of indicative disease, for example we have been perfoming the therapeutic procedure to not only renal failure, but also hepatic failure, auto-immune disease, and hyperlipidemia.
These advances brought marked improvement of filtration function of membrane for blood purification. Various sized-molecular substances, which may be pathognomonic in disease, may be reducible in some degree. The more sharpe molecular cut-off point of the membrane becomes. the more successful effectiveness blood purification exerts.
Furthermore, the membrane, which is superior in biocompatibility, has been requested. Such requirement is stressed especially in uremic patients who have to undergo maintenance hemodialysis.
The paper will discuss about removal rate of uremic toxins and biocompatibility in the uremic patients.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (907K) -
東條 角治1994 年 19 巻 2 号 p. 75-80
発行日: 1994/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーA variety of biocompatible polymers can be used for developing transdermal delivery systems of systemic drugs. This paper reviews some methods for the selection of drug/polymer matrix, adhesives and rate-controlling membranes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (813K) -
宮脇 長人, 中嶋 光敏1994 年 19 巻 2 号 p. 81-91
発行日: 1994/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーMembrane technology introduced entirely new concepts into the food industry such as concentration of liquid food without heating and complete removal of microorganisms from food system at room temperature. The present situation of the application of membrane technology in food industry is overviewed along with its brief history. Recent topics suggest that the following subjects are to be explored more for the further promotion of the present technology in food industry and biotechnology : (1) development of highly selective membrane technology; (2) application of membrane technology to nonaqueous systems; (3) breakthrough in the concentration limitation of membrane technology; (4) membrane bioreactors; (5) membrane technology as an integration system between reaction and separation; (6) analysis and control of the fouling phenomena of membranes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1541K) -
仲川 勤, 関口 正之, 永井 一清, 樋口 亜紺1994 年 19 巻 2 号 p. 92-98
発行日: 1994/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーA poly (1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) membrane, which has extremely high gas permeability coefficients, was modified with low temperature argon-plasma treatments. Siloxane bonds, carbonyl and hydroxyl groups were produced on the treated surface, which were determined from the ESCA and ATR-FT-IR analyses. The polymer chains in the treated layer were cross-linked, and its layer's depth was estimated at about 200 Å. For permeability coefficients for various gases in the treated membranes, the series resistance model, which composed of the treated layer and the bulk, could beused because the theoretical curves fitted the experimental data of the ideal separation factors for various gas pairs. The ideal separation factors in the treated layer could be theoretically estimated, and the factors for oxygen/nitrogen, ethylene/ethane and propylene/propane were 4.2, 1.5 and 3.5, respectively. The permeability coefficients for various gases in the treated layer could be also calculated, and the values were 10-10-10-12 (cm3 (STP) cm/ (cm2. sec. cmHg)), which were 105-fold smaller than those of the non-treated PMSP membrane. With increasing penetrant diameter, a difference in the permeability coefficients berween in the treated layer and in the bulk increased.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (806K) -
Jicai Huang, Haruhiko Ohya, Shigeru Yamashida, Yoichi Negishi1994 年 19 巻 2 号 p. 99-110
発行日: 1994/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーCellulose acetate (CA) symmetric membranes with the thickness of 15-20 μm were prepared from the acetone diluted casting solution of CA reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. The dialysis experiment of sodium chloride through this membrane was made. The diffusion equation including the effect of osmosis was derived. And the diffusion coefficient of sodium chloride in CA symmetric membrane was obtained by mathematical analysis using this equation and dialysis experimental data. It was found that the diffusion coefficient of sodium chloride in CA symmetric membrane should be a function of the time and could be expressed by equation of
D=Die-t/τ+D∞ (1-e-t/τ)
It was found that the diffusion coefficient of sodium chloride in CA symmetric membrane decreased with the time during dialysis experiment and this decrease occured mainly at the beginning of the experiment. The degree of this decrease was found to be about 8-14%. The diffusivity of NaCl in CA symmetric membrane decreased with the increase of initial solute concentration used. The effect of concentration induced compaction on the membrane structure is proposed to interpreted this diffusion coefficient change.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1258K) -
栗原 和枝1994 年 19 巻 2 号 p. 111-121
発行日: 1994/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーMonolayers at the air-water interface provide unique environments for molecular recognition. New host-guest systems utilizing such monolayers have been developed recently. Effective binding of water-soluble substrates by the hydrogen bonding interaction were found for monolayers functionalized at their hydrophilic groups with diaminotriadine, urea, orotate, Kemp's acid, guanidinium and resorcinol groups. These monolayers bind polar substances such as nucleobases, nitrogen aromatics, amino acids, AMP, ATP and sugars from aqueous subphases. Their association constants, in the range of 102-103 M-1, are comparable to those reported for similar systems in aprotic solvents. It is contrasting with a generally held view that the interaction in simple organic receptors is surppressed in the aqueous microenvironment, and should be brought out from unique properties of monolayer surfaces. Characteristics of molecular recognition at two dimensionally arranged monolayer surfaces are discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1177K) -
遠田 浩司, 小田嶋 和徳, 菅原 正雄, 梅澤 喜夫1994 年 19 巻 2 号 p. 122-132
発行日: 1994/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーOur recent approaches of mimicking biological molecular recognition and signal transduction/amplification are described, in which the developlment of novel sensing membranes for bioactive ions and molecules are sought. Among various modes of transmembrane signaling, main focus was placed on (i) membrane permeability change, (ii) active transport of a target compound and (iii) membrane potential change. Taking advantage of these three modes of transmembrane signaling, new biomembrane mimetic sensors, e.g., “ion channel sensors”, “active transport sensors” and “biomimetic ion sensors”, have been fabricated based on both synthetic and biological receptors. The principles and unique features of these sensors are demonstrated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1384K) -
寺本 正明1994 年 19 巻 2 号 p. 133-140
発行日: 1994/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーAlthough many studies have been performed to make practical use of liquid membranes (LMs), there are very few commercial applications of LMs since there still remain problems to be solved. Recently, however, very interesting researches have been reported, and new types of LMs have been also proposed. Here, the following topics on the LM separation technology are reviewed.
(1) Emulsion liquid membranes. 1) New surfactants which enhance permeability, 2) Mechanism of solute transport in W/O emulsion phase, (2) Stabilization of supported liquid membranes. 1) Gelled supported liquid mebranes, 2) Use of ion exchange membranes as the substrate of supported liquid membranes for gas separation. (3) New types of uphill transport. 1) Uphill transport of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by use of solvent effect on partition coefficient, 2) Uphill transport of PU FAs by use of temperature effect on partition coefficient.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (949K) -
中村 俊一, 水谷 幸雄1994 年 19 巻 2 号 p. 141-143
発行日: 1994/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーBiaxial stretching of polyolefine sheets containing filler results in microporous polyolefine sheets.
Gas-permeable and water-repellent properties are controllable by adjusting the filler content, particle size of filler, and stretching degree.
The microporous sheets are used practically in various ways.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (286K)
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