I was requested to write an article about the history, current situation, future etc. related to my research field. My research topic is “Characterization of membrane charge, and modeling of membrane”. I have characterized the membrane charge by analyzing the membrane potential, and have investigated the effect of membrane charge on the ion flux through membrane. I don’t think any researcher would argue with that the membrane charge significantly affects the membrane performance. Even now, we spot the term “membrane potential” in some papers, especially, papers related with ion exchange membranes. However, at present, I guess that none of the researchers in the world studies on membrane potential except me. Thus, it is difficult to review the present situation and future in this filed. The progress of my research and memories during research life is reported reflecting on my research life instead. In this second article, I report my research life from 1987 to around 2000.
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