Treatment of guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes with digitonin in the presence of Ca
2+ induced marked stimulation of superoxide anion production. Removal of Ca
2+ from the incubation medium by addition of ethyleneglycolbis (β-aminoethyl ether) N, N, N', N'-tetraacetate (EGTA) either before or after the digitonin addition suppressed the stimulation of the superoxide anion production. Furthermore, readdition of Ca
2+ in excess of the added EGTA restored the stimulatory effect of digitonin on the superoxide anion production in the leukocytes. These findings suggest the existence of reversible regulation of the digitonin-stimulated superoxide anion production by Ca
2+.
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