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A total village health control program has been instituted in Yachiho Village (pop. 5, 211, 1975National Census) since1959.
When the deaths caused by respiratory diseases in this village are compared between the first eight years under the health control program (1960-67) and the second eight years (1968-75), the deaths caused by lung tuberculosis decreased by67% and those by pneumonia and bronchitis dropped by52%. On the other hand, there have been no drops in the deaths caused by pulmonary emphysema and bronchial asthma, and their ratios are higher than the national averages.
The prevalence of bronchial asthma among inhabitants of Yachiho Village stands at0.9% among males and1.2% among females, and these percentages are practically the same as the national averages. On the other hand, the prevalence of chronic bronchitis is9.8% among males and5.7% among females, and these ratios are lower than in air-polluted urban areas but higher than in nonpolluted cities.
A wide variety of farm work-particularly, rice threshing and hulling-greatly infuences the incidence and course of chronic bronchitis. It is therefore important to implement measures for the prevention of chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema.

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The present author found five patients with attack of allergic diseases caused by working in the tea-garden. To determine causative allergen, an intracutaneous reaction test, provocation test, Prausnitz-Kustner reaction test were carried out on these cases. As a result, these cases were considered to be caused by the inhalation of tea-leaf ciliae scattered in the air, and reasoned that other ciliae of leaves could be inhalative allergens.
Soon after this study had done, the author found many respiratory symptoms among cultivator of chrysathemum. By some allergological tests, these symptoms were also considered to be caused by the inhalation of chrysanthemum-leaf ciliae.
In this article, the author reviewed on these inhalative allergy of ciliae of leaves and respiratory impairments due to agricultural work.

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At the process of rush harvesting farmers are exposed to high concentratedusts of “sendo” for short times a day during 3 weeks in summer, and in continuously for all seasons low density of chronic long-term exposure of dusts are observed in the process of weaving.
We examined 320 rush farmers in Yatsushiro district in 1970 and found pneumoconiosis as1p in their direct chest x ray films, 32 men (18%) and 12 women (9%).
In 1975, 36 men and 34 women amang them were reexamined, contrasting their respiratory findings with that of the former examination. The chest x ray film of each subject was classified according to the ILO U/C International Classification of Pneumoconiosis 1971 (ILO).
In this definition, 15men (42%) and6women (18%) of the subjects were classified as pneumoconiosis (1/0, 1/1, 1/2) of the p type of rounded small opacities except one case of irregular type (s): on the contorary, 9men (25%) and 2 women (6%) in the formers. Thirteen cases of men (36%) and11cases of women (32%) showed increasing numbers of opacities and/or extention of disorder zones. It sugests that the intensity of lung disorders in rush farmers have been becomming slowly into more serioustages. Small opacities were seen in the middle and lower, especially lower (47%), zones of the lung. Adding, 3 men and 2 women were tuberculosis (activity uncertain) cases.
Twenty men (58%) and 15 women (42%) have complaints of respiratory symptoms, such as cough (17%), phlegm (34%), short breath (17%), wheezing (16%), and nasal catarrh (22%). Four men (14%) and5women (15%) showed slightly impairment of lung functions.
These findings shown in chest x ray films or respiratory symptoms were related significantly to the amount of cigarett smoking.
Increasing intensity of their respiratory disorders, we may consider, due to increasing dust exposure of “sendo” according to expantion of rush management. Then we must accomplish an improvement of working environment and hygienic control for dusts. In addition, we must exploit a new “sendo” containing less amount of free silica and technical improvements of working process.

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It is the purpose of this manuscript to demonstrate the suppressive effect of methyl phosphates on germinal tissue with a score method.
The phosphates were orally given to monkeys and rabbits for12to27weeks with no evident weight loss. The suppressive effect was shown as the decreased germ cell score count.

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The immature strobilae without scolex was spontaneously discharged from 72 years old male in Ehime Prefecture. Morphological features were identical to the Charactaristics of Diplogonoporus grandis. This is the record of the 4th case from the Ehime Prefecture.

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A dermatitis of unknowns etiology has occurred among the farmers working in paddy fields in some districts of Kagoshima Prefecture, such as Ibusuki, Hiyoshi, Oura, Makizono and Minami-tane.
In order to acertain the cause of the disease, the epidemiological investigations have been made since1975.
The dermatitis occurrs from March to July when rice-planting and weeding are on and is characterized by erythemato- papulo-vesicular eruptions accompanied with severe itching. The chief symptoms are observed on the parts exposed to water, especially on forearms and lower legs.
The research for snail intermediate hosts was carried out in the paddy fields where the dermatitis originated.
As a result, two species of apharyngeal furcocercous cercariae were obtained from the fresh water snails, Polypylis hemisphaerula and Austropeplea ollula. The cercaria from P. hemisphaerula resembled to that of Gigantobilharzia sturniae in shape and size, and the other one from A. ollula was identified as species belonging to the genus Trichobilharzia and was regarded the same species as described in Saitama Prefecture by the authors.
An experimental infection with the cercaria belonging to the genus Trichobilharzia was performed. A few drops of water containing10cercariae were placed on the forearm. The cercariae invaded into the skin and produced a dermatitis quite similar to that prevailing in the endemic areas.
Therefore, it was concluded that the etiological agent were the cercariae of two different avian schistosomes, namely, G. sturniae and Trichobilharzia sp.

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Paraquat (1, 1'-dimethy1-4, 4'-dipyridylium dichloride) was administered to Wister rats orally at100mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 25mg/kg.
Death generally occured in1-5days, many animals of the group administered at 100mg/kg died within 24 hours.
Loss of body weight began on the second day after paraquat ingestion.
The lung became the organ of highest concentration of paraquat, that reached maximum level with in 2 hours and was eliminated approximately 62-82% 24 hours later.
Biochemical studies gave high levels of serum LDH and GOT, but no abnormalities were detected hematologically.
Histopathological examinations has shown that the lung was the target organ of the paraquat poisoning. At the early stage, there were atelectasis, pulmonary edema and disintegration of the alveolar epithelium. These were followed by an infiltration of fibroblasts and glandular proliferation of the terminal bronchiolar epithelium. Parenchymal damages of the heart, liver and kidney were most dominant in 24 hours after paraquat ingestion, from which animals recovered subsequently.

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