This is a result of study conducted in Shiga Prefecture in the period between 1957 and 1960 with a view to grasping the conditions of parasitic infestation in that district. The subjects of study included the citizens of 14 communities on the coast of Lake Viwa (fecal examination by centrifugal method with HCl and ether), and almost all the elementary and lower secondary school children of the Prefecture (fecal examination by direct smear method). According to the results of study, the parasitic worms suspected of the highest infestation were Trichocephalus trichiurus: the infection rates being 28.1-83.9% in the citizens, 44.5% in elementary school children and 42.5% in lower secondary school children. Those of Ascaris lumbricoides were 4.3-34.9% in the citizens, 32.2% in elementary school children and 29.8% in lower secondary school children. The infection rates of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichocephalus trichiurus were lower on the coast of the lake and were higher in the areas farther from it.Those of hookworms were generally low. Next, infestation of Clonorchis sinensis and Metagonimus yokogawai was also detected in that district;infection rates of Clonorchis sinensis in the citizens were found to range between 2.5-54.2%.Infection rates of Clonorchis sinensis and Metagonimus yokogawai were higher in the coastal dwellers, esp.among the inhabitants of the eastern coast. Infestation of Trichostrongylus orientalis, Diphyllobothrium latum and Hemenolepis nana was also detected, though the infection rates were not so high.

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Although it has already been pointed out that the growth of skeleton-carpus varies in urban and in rural areas, this time a survey was made to disclose whether there is any noticeable difference between purely agricultural and non-agricultural families (merchant, civil servant, laborer, etc.) within one and the same rural community.
1. Ossification area: Babies from agricultural families were inferior in each age group.
2. In cases of babies under 6-months old whose nutrition index (Kaup) showed less than 14.9, those from agricultural families showed inferior ossification.
3. Delayed ablactation was observed more often in babies from agricultural families and such cases showed delayed ossification of skeleton-carpus.
4. The development of skeleton-carpus was inferior in babies whose mothers showed an advanced fatigue, i. e. premature senility: this phenomenon was more often observed in babies from agricultural families.
5. The mothers of babies from agricultural families more often showed a lower serum-protein value, and the babies were in the state of under-nutrition parallel thereto.

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Lately, chromatography has come to be used for microestimation of matter. In this study, I divided conjugated fatty substance with the aid of magnesium oxide into cholinephosphatide and non-choline-phosphatide; next, by hydrolyzing the former, estimated the quantities of lecithin and sphingomyelin; then by hydrolyzing the latter, estimated that of cerebroside, and then by applying the Permutit method, estimated those of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidyl-serine. While chromatography with magnesium oxide formerly required a considerable time for development, I resorted to mixing powdered glass (200 mesh) into the specimen in the 1: 2 weight ratio;thus working on the medium for such development, I succeeded in obtaining an efficient and perfect system for fractionation of fatty substance under which none of the fractions stuck to the adsorbent are lost.I also devised a system for causing the complete separation of non-choline-phosphatide from the adsorbent: first to dissolve MgO column in a liquid composed of equal quantities of 6N-HC1 and methanol, and then to extract fatty substance out of such solution with the use of ctloroform (CHC13). In this way, the five fractions of fatty substance i. e. lecithin, sphingomyelin, cerebrcside, phcsphatidyl-ethanolamine and phosphatidyl-serine are estimated in a series of continuous laboratory work.

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