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Volume 45 (1996 - 199･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 740-
- Issue 5 Pages 639-
- Issue 4 Pages 483-
- Issue 3 Pages 156-
- Issue 2 Pages 61-
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Volume 45, Issue 4
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Stress Appraisal in Rural Inhabitants of Middle and Advanced AgeToshiki KATSURA, Masami NOJIRI, Masataka NAKANO1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 483-492
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purspose of this study was to clarify the relationships between life events and acute stresses felt by rural inhabitants of middle and advanced age. For this purpose, we made a survey of 1, 528 residents aged 40-69 in a farming village, Chiba Prefecture, and inquired of them about 27 stress-producing life events over the past one year. The correlations were sought by multivariate analysis.
A logistic regression analysis using gender and age as covariates found that significant risk variables for acute stress were trouble with relative, trouble with boss, change in number of arguments with spouse, loan, injury/illness, change in social activities, death of spouse and change in health or behavior of family member among the sources of distress, and retirement, outstanding personal achievement and change in living conditions among the source of eustress.
In males, significant variables for acute stress were loan, injury/illness and trouble with boss as distresses, and homecoming and outstanding personal achievement as etistresses. In females, trouble with relatives, change in number of arguments with spouse, change in social activities, injury/illness, change in health or behavior of family member as distresses and change in living conditions as an eustress.
The present study suggested that risk variables fostering distress are trouble with other people and health problems of the subject or family member. But there were slight differences between men and women.View full abstractDownload PDF (1114K) -
Miyoko SAITO, Takeshi OSONOI, Meishun BOKU, Nobuo UTSUMI1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 493-499
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 1, 000 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (467 males 533 females) were the subjects of this study designed to clarify the relationships between diabetic neurophathy and obesity. To determine the presence or absence of neuropathy, we interviewed all the subjects and asked them whether or not they had subjective symptoms such as insensitivity of the limbs and conditions associated with autonomic disorder. Furthermore, so long as situations permitted, a battery of tests were given them for the Achilles-tendon reflex and physiological nerve functions. To evaluate the extent of obesity, we used the body mass index (BMI) in accordance with the method proposed by the Japanese Society of Obesity
Results: In obese patients with BMI in excess of 24, subjective symptoms in the limbs, absence of ankle jerks and abnormality in the perception of vibration were observed with higher frequency than in those normal in weight with BMI from 20 to 24. Between these two groups, there was not much difference in the kind of therapy and blood sugara control they received, but the duration of the disease was shorter in the obese group. These findings made us believe that obesity serves as a promoter of neuropathy from the onset.
Even among the slenderly built subjects with BMI below 20, compared with the subjects normal in weight, a large number of them had subjective symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, absence of ankle jerks and abnormal levels of nerve conduction velocity. Between these two groups, there was not much difference in controlled blood sugar level and the duration of the disease, but the percentage of those treated with insulin was higher in the slender groupo than in the noramal-weight group. This fact suggested that severe diabetes might have contributed to the onset of neuropathy.
From the above, we concluded that there is a close link between diabetic neuropathy and obesity, and that proper weight control is a key to the prevention of this type of neuropathy.View full abstractDownload PDF (1007K) -
Masaki KAWAMI, Isamu EBIHARA, Masako KAWAMI1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 500-508
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProfessional termite-control crews handle a large amount of organophosphorus insecticides such as chlorpyrifos and dichlofention (ECP), and inevitably are exposed to these insecticides throughout the spraying season. To assess the effects of exposure to organophosphates on the immune system of the insecticide applicators, subpopulation and functional subsets of lymphocytes in the blood were investigated.
Between the termite exterminators and the control group, significant differences were found in the mean levels of helper CD4+CD45RO+ cells, suppressor CD8+CD28- cells and precytotoxic CD8+CD28+ cells. The termite exterminators showed lower percentages of bot CD4+CD45RO+ cells and CD8+CD28+ cells, and a higher percentage of CD8+CD28- cells. In addition, a significant difference was observed in the percentages of CD20+ cells, which are regard as pan B cells, and both CD28+ cells and CD45RO+ cells associated with antigens of activated T cells. In the termite exterminators, the percentages of both CD28+ cells and CD45 RO+ cells decreased and the percentage of CD20+ cells increased.
These findings suggest that the alterations on subpopulation and functional subsets of lymphocytes in termite exterminators could be associated with the effects of chronic exposure to high doses of organophosphates on the immune system.View full abstractDownload PDF (1100K) -
[in Japanese]1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 509-511
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
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[in Japanese]1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 512-523
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
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[in Japanese]1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 524-531
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
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[in Japanese]1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 532-538
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
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[in Japanese]1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 539-542
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
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[in Japanese]1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 543-547
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
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Shunji OHKUBO, Keiji KIMURA, Hajime WATANABE, Masato HAYASHI, Osamu MI ...1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 548-554
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report two cases of farm chemical poisoning which were treated successfully. Two elderly men separately swallowed down paraquat/diquat solutions in an attempt to kill themselves, and resultantly developed pulmonary fibrosis. After steroid therapy, clinical symptoms desappeared, although a slight degree of abnormality remained on chest X-rays. Case 1: a 57-year-old man; the amount of ingestion, 100 ml; hospitalized 2 hours after ingestion; shock, (-); urinary PQ reactoin, (2); serum PQ level, 1.14 ug/ml; pulmonary injury at first examinatoin, (-); pulmonary manifestation of symptoms, at day 3 after hospitalization; minimum Pao2, 67.6 mmHg. Case 2: a 65-year-old man; the amount of ingestion, one gulp; hospitalized 27 minutes after ingestion ; shock, (-); urinary PQ reactoin, (3+); serum PQ level, 6.6ug/mg; pulmonary injury at first examination, (-); pulmonary manifestation of symptoms, at day 5 after hospitalization; minimum Pao2, 58.3mmHg. For treatment, gastrointestinal lavage, forced diuresis and direct hemoperfusion were performed in both cases. Steroid pulse therapy was followed by repeated oral administration of large doses of steroid.
Hepatic and renal disorders were transient. Pao2 was normal when the patients were discharged. The primary reasons we could save their lives are probably that the amount of PQ ingestion was relatively small, hemodialysis was performed repeatedly at early stages, and that large amounts of steroid were used immediately after the onset of pulmonary fibrosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (10479K) -
Mitsuya ONO, Keiko TOYODA, Shigehumi SHIMIZU1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 555-559
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Saku Central Hospital started a joint undertaking for home health care with four village offices of Minamisaku-gun, Nagano Prefecture, from 1988. From 1995, the joint project was taken over by its satellite institution, Koumimachi Clinic. During the year, care services were provided in patients' homes by a full-time visiting nurse 665 times. She helped physical therapist with rehabilitation 228 times, attended many meetings related to health care with local people and public health nurses, and held case conferences about patients. The joint undertaking for home health care with local goverments may be important for better home health care.View full abstractDownload PDF (641K) -
Hiroko MIYASAKA, Keiko OOKUBO, Mayumi TSURUTA, Sumie MIYAZAKI, Etsuko ...1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 560-564
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the orthopedics ward in our hospital, as is the case with other hospitals, many patients with spine or hip-joint ailments are bedridden with their face up for days. A previous survey found that among what feel the most inconvenient is evacuation. For those having problems in passing stools, the use of mild laxatives, suppositories or enemas has been common.However, in search of some other means which are fundamental and more suitable for nursing care, we tried cold drinking water and abdomen massage. The result was very helpful. Cold water drinking and massaging made the stomach and the intestine active and prompted evacuation. With this finding, the nurses in our hospital have realized the importance of returning to the basics of nursing care before turning to the drugs. Now, these procedures have been established in our hospital.View full abstractDownload PDF (596K) -
A Comparative Study by Years of ExperienceMiho KITAHARA, Akemi KOYAMA, Tomomi TSUCHIYA, Chiharu MACHIDA, Sei OKO ...1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 565-571
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAmid a shortage of nurses, which itself a grave social issue, the number of nurses resigning a few years after their graduation from nursing college is increasing rapidly at our hospital. It is extremely difficult to retain them on a permanent basis. We suspected that their attitude toward their tasks is behind this phenomenon. With this in mind, we have performed a survey on the degree to which nurses at our hospital are satisfied with their own tasks and on whether the degree differs, depending on the year of their experience.
This survey covered the nurses three and 10 years after graduation, using a questionnaire prepared by Moriwaki et al. on degrees of satisfaction.
The results showed that there is little difference in satisfaction between the two groups. The degrees of satisfaction with “human relations” and “perceptions on life and nursing” were high, whereas those with “working conditions” were lowest. The future task is to realize a workplace where nurses could find it worthwhile to work, while striving further to team up with people in other lines of work, and to take another look at nursing and working conditions. There is also the need for each nurse as a specialist to enhance their own sense of independency.View full abstractDownload PDF (652K) -
Takeo FUJIMORI1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 572-583
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith respect to the state of home care, many reports have been published by researchers affiliated with the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine. In the present study, we looked into differences in home treatment between rural and urban areas by comparing the published data for the predominantly rural community of Koumi, Ngano Prefecture, and the results of 155 home patients who have been cared for the five years by Nakano General Hospital in Nakano Ward, an uptown district of Tokyo. Although our own data were not sufficient enough in size to represent a cross section of the total number of home care recipients in the urban area, we obtained some results worthy of note. 1) In the urban area, people in their prime make up a larger percentage of the total number in population than in the rural area. In many cases, they live with their children or near their children's homes. 2) In the urban area, the incidence of bone fractures is high, especially among women. This accounts for a high ratio of bed-ridden females. 3) The rate of lung cancer is higher among the urban sick than among the rural patients. 4) Housekeepers play a more importnat role in providing home care services in the urban community. 5) More urban patients die at hospital than their rural counterparts. With these findings, we will discuss the present and future aspects of home care in the rural area by citing views of experts associated with rural medicine.View full abstractDownload PDF (1225K) -
1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 606-610
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (562K) -
1996 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 611-614
Published: November 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (424K)
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