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Volume 39, Issue 2
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Mitsuru Ando1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 55-63
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, it has been recognized that the extent of the Antarctic ozone hole becomes clear. The depletion of stratospheric ozone may lead to increase ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation.
UV-B radiation has many damaging effects on human health, such as snow blindness, catalact and skin cancer. UV-B radiation also suppresses the immune defenses against certain infections. Non-melanoma skin cancer, such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, has convincing and clear-cut relationship to UV-B radiation. Cutaneous malignant melanoma is laso at least partially caused by exposure to UV-B radiation.
In U. S. A., it has been recognized that the incidence of skin cancer including melanoma increases from high to low latitudes possibly due to the increase of UV-B rediation. while it is difficult to estimate numerical effect on the basis of epidemiologic data in the U. S. A., UNEP and WHO estimates that for every 1% decrease in stratospheric ozone. there will be between a 0.3 to 0.6% increase in catalact. Based on the same epidemiologic data, it is also estimated that for every 1% depletion of ozone, the incidence of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma will increase 2.7, 4.6 and 0.6% respectively.
Therefore, it is necessary to confirm the incidence rate of skin cancer in various countries in relation to UV-B dose. There is concern that increased UV-B radiation, by suppression of the immune system, might lead to an increase of the incidence of infectious diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (1154K) -
Toshio MATSUSHITA, Kohji AOYAMA, Zhi-yu WANG, Qing LI, Konomi OBAMA, T ...1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 64-70
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 630 clinical cases of occupational skin disorder from agricultural chemicals werestatistically analyzed in Japanese farmers who were recorded by physicians on a standard form from41 hospitals and other medical institutions during the 1972-81 period. The majority of the cases wereacute dermatitis (66.7%). This was followed by chronic dermatitis (24.3%), chemical burns (8.4%) andphotosensitive dermatitis (2.2%). By type to chemicals, the number one skin hazard was sulfurfungicides (32.2%), followed by organophosphorus insecticides (28.6%), polyhaloalkylthio-fungicides (11.4%), and copper fungicides (7.1%). Factors contributing to the onset of any disorder of the skinwere mainly defenseless on the part of users (41.3%), carelessness (20.2%), poor health condition(14.6%), and so forth. Other epidemiological features by sex, age, season, complications, sites of skindisorder, prognosis, etc. were also analyzed and discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (722K) -
Shinji ASANUMA, Kiichiro SASAKI, Eisuke NAITOH, Kazuo KUROSAWA, Shousu ...1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 71-76
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSParaquat is one the most popular herbicides in agriculture in Japan. To study the chronic toxicological effects of paraquat on animals, rats were fed a paraquat-containing diet for 1 year and 2 months (1, 5, 25mg/kg of body weight/day). Paraquat administration induced serious histochemical changes in various organs, such as the lung, heart, kidney and liver in rast. Pulmonary fibrosis occurred in the group of rats given 1mg paraquat/kg of body weight/day in diet.
The alkaline phosphatase activity and creatinine content in the blood serum significantly increased. The concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid in the serum decreased significantly.
A significant increase of lipid peroxidation was observed in the brain, kidney and liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (4921K) -
Kiyoshi SAKAI, Toshiaki SUGIHARA1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 77-84
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA mass health examination for Cerebro-cardiovascular disease was conducted on inhabitants of a farming village in the northeastern part of Saitama Prefecture. Used in the present study are data concerning the following: age, obesity, skinfold thickness, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, total protein, GOT, and GPT.
These variables were analyzed for use in comprehensively assessing the results of the examina tion for cerebro-cardiovascular disease in the rural community.
Worthy of note is the fact that the principal component analysis of data showed a different pattern between man and woman.
The relations of HDL-cholesterol values to some of the other measurements were also studied by multiple regression analysis, in which HDL-cholesterol levels were given as dependent variable, and age, obesity, skinfold thickness, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, lesterol, and triglyceride values as independent variables. As a result, it was found that HDL-cholesterol levels have significantly negative corelations to the skinfold thickness in men and triglyceride values in women. Besides, total cholesterol levels showed significantly positive correlations both in men and women.View full abstractDownload PDF (1023K) -
Studies on the relationship between the serum transaminase activities and the pattern of food intakeMasahide IMAKI, Tamotsu MIYOSHI, Seiki TANADA, Yoshihiro MURAI, Masato ...1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 85-89
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to make clear a comprehensive relationship between serum transaminase activity and food intake pattern. A total of 146 young male student participated in the study.
The results of the survey were as follows:
1) The first factor (Fl) was a“animal-related food factor”. The second factor (F2) was considered to be a“rice versus noodles factor”. The third (F3), fourth (F4), fifth (F5) and sixth (F6) factor could not be explained simply in terms of their factor.
2) Significantly negative correlations were observed between SGOT and the factor scores of Fl (r=-0.256, p<0.01), SGPT and the factor scores of Fl (r=-0.243, p<0.01), and SGPT and factor scores of F2 (r=-0.195, p<0.05), but not between SGOT or SGPT and other factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (525K) -
Through a questionaire to the tractor operatorsNorikatsu ITOH1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 90-95
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the real cause of tractor accidents which happen very frequently in Hokkaido, we sent out a questionaire of 23 items to tractor operators and asked them for opinions about the accidents.
More than 90% of the respondents said they had become sleepy while they were operating the tractors. So, they admitted that lack of sleep could be a main cause of accidents.
They try to take a good sleep during busy farming seasons.
Most of the farmers get sleepy around 10.00 a. m. and between 3.00 and 5.00 p. m.
Since they think that many accidents are caused by machines which are not well serviced, they care a lot about checking and fixing their machines.
They are well aware how to take precautions against the accidents, but their actions are not enough.
They don't pay much atention to the safty flame. They have no knowledge about the “day rhythm”.
80% of them have a break or take a nap between working hours.View full abstractDownload PDF (839K) -
[in Japanese], Xian Ye Fang1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 96-100
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLarge strides have been made in primary health care and services in Jinzhai County, Anhui, sincefourth-grade health care facilities at hamlet and village levels were improved under the guidance ofthe public health organization of the county.
Worthy of special note are the establishment of the health compensation system for women andinfants, introduction of premarital education programs for the young, regular checkups for pregnantwomen, regular health screenings and vaccination for infants under the age of 7. The results havebeen outstanding.
Mortality rates of pregnant women, nursing mothers and babies during the perinatal period have dropped remarkably. The incidence of tetanus among the neonates has been reduced to zero.
Health inquiries have found there is a high rate of cancer of the thyroid gland. As preventive measures, iodine preparations are given to primary and middle school children. Thyroidectomy has been performed on some malignant cases.
Meanwhile, the spread of a clean water supply system is a major task grappled with by community health officials. Although the service area is limited yet, tap water has become available. The living environment in Jinzhai County overall has been improved to a level comparable with the PHC (?) standards recommended by the World Health Organization.
Under the slogan “Creating Better Health for All the People, ” continuous effort is being madewith 2000 as the target year.View full abstractDownload PDF (541K) -
Shin TONOUCHI1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 101-106
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDiseases of the digestive system have been the most frequently occurring malady in Japan. Foremost among them is stomach cancer in terms of the frequency of incidence and poor prognosis. In recent years however the incidence of colorectal cancer, a well-known malignancy of plaguing. Western countries, has been increasing also in Japan apparently as a result of the change in eating habit, and is expected to become the highest of all the rates of malignancies affecting the Japanese population in due course of time.
Under such circumstances, it is worthwhile to grasp the current exact status of occurrence of cancer of the digestive system in farming areas of Japan and to know the actual status of mass screening which is known to be effective in early detection of cancer, if it is to improve therapeutic results and thereby to establish ways and means of further effective cancer therapy.
The recent improvement in therapeutic results of gastric cancer is due largely to energetic mass screening and/or complete medical checkup activities of participating institutions and a marked increase in early detection rate of disease.Positive performance of an extended radical operation, such as total gastrectomy or extra-gastric organ resection, facilitated or aided by the improved anesthetic technique and postoperative management as well as by advances in surgical technique for advanced gastric cancer certainly is also a contributing factor. In fact, therapeutic results obtained by some of the participating institutinons were not at all inferior to those achieved by national institutions as far as gastric cancer is concerned.
Since mass screening for colorectal cancer is a formidable task apparently beyond each private institution's capacity and since, because of the anatomical position of a lesion, it may occasionally be difficult to have examinees cooperate, the mass colorectal survey system generally was less well organized and working as compared with the mass gastric survey system.
However, the availability of immunologic testing for occult blood in stools, enema fluoroscopy and colonoscopy has made it possible to raise detection rates of early-stage cancer. As in the case with gastric cancer, extended radical operation has been performed positively andtherapeutic results improved markedly thanks to recent progress in diagnostic and operative techniques.View full abstractDownload PDF (685K) -
Tomio KAMETANI, Yutaka IGARASHI, Takayuki HORIGAMI, Masanori KAWATO, T ...1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 107-110
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe analyzed the causes of death in 74 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients who died in Koseiren Takaoka hospital between 1982 and 1988 and compared with 334 non-diabetic dead patients.
The first cause of death in NIDDM was malignant neoplsma (35.1% of NIDDM). The second was ischemic heart disease (17.6%). The third was infection (12.2%). The ratios of cerebral infarction and diabetic nephropathy were 9.5% each. The ratios of ischemic heart disease and cerebral infarction in diabetics were twice those in non-diabetics. The tratio of uremia in diabetics wassix-fold. In patients over 61 years old, the ratios of ischemic heart disease and diabetic nephropathy were large. Nevertheless, in patients under 60 years old, the proportion of cerebral infarction was higher. The proportions of cerebral infarction and ischemic heart disease were higher in the group of long diabetic duration than in group of short duration.
Compared with past Japanese reports, the proportions of malignant neoplasma and ischemic heart disease in diabetics increased and the proportions of diabetic nephropathy and coma decreased.
This study concluded that not only the control of diabetes mellitus but also the examination of malignant neoplasma was important in management of diabetes mellitus. The proportion of the causes of death in diabetics will change with changes of the circumstances and the progress of medical treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (420K) -
Hiroshi TAKIHARA, Takuya UENO, Kazutaka JOJIMA, Keiji JOKO, Sugashi NA ...1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 111-114
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBetween January 1986 and August 1989, four patients, whose urinary tuberculous cultures were positive, were treated in our hospital. They represented 0.66% of the total number of the new patiants who visited the outpatient department during this period. Also during the same period, two other patiants with unilateral old renal tuberculosis underwent nephrectomy.
Since the middle of this century, the development of chemotherapy has decreased the number of the patiants with urinary tuberculosis. However, there has been little decrease in recent several years, and our report supports this evidence. So, the possibility of urinary tuberculosis cannot be made light of in the urological examination, especially for the patiants with refractory urinary tract infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (3488K) -
1990 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 115-121
Published: July 30, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (873K)
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