The purpose of the present paper is to explore the relationships between the activity and fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP and the dietary intake of nutrients through three groups (lean, normal and overweight) by Broca's index. Broca's index in each groups was under 89 for the lean group, from 90to 109 for the normal group and over 110 for the overweight group. The subjects of study were 249 young healthy men except alcoholic.
Results of the survey were as follows:
1) There were statistically significant correlation between serum total γ-GTP activity in normal group and vitamin C intake (P<0.05).
2) High negative correlations were observed between the fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) and the vitamin B 1 intake (P<0.01), between the fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) and vitamin C intake (P<0.01), and between the fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) and the protein intake/kg of body weight (P<0.01) in the lean group. High negative correlations were observed between the fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) and the protein intake (P<0.01), between the fraction ratio of serum y -GTP (1) and the vitamin B 1 intake (P<0.01), between the fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) and vitamin C intake (P<0.01), and between the fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) and the protein intake/kg of body weight (P<0.01) in the normal group. High negative correlation was observed between the fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) and the vitamin C intake (P<0.01) in the overweight group.
3) Multiple regression analysis showed that the variables which correlated best with the fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) were dietary intakes of the energy, the vitamin C and the protein intake/kg of body weight in the lean group. The fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) related to the vitamin C intake and the protein intake/kg of body weight in the normal group. In the overweight group, the fraction ratio of serum γ-GTP (1) related to the vitamin C intake and the animal protein intake.

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An organophosphorus insecticide EPN, O-ethyl-O, 4-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonothioate, is a stronger inhibitor of ChE activity than leptophos or cyanofenphos which are delayed neurotoxic organophosphorus insecticides, and it is usually difficult to demonstrate its delayed neurotoxicity with a single oral dose without atropinization. In this study, delayed neurotoxic effect of EPN was observed in non-atropinized hens by using the repeated pretreatment method.
1) Three groups of hens were given preliminarily small dose of EPN such as 10mg/kg/day for 10 days, 5 mg/kg/day for 20 days and 10mg/kg/day for 20 days. Another group was not given any preliminary dose. After each pretreatment, these groups received a large amount of dose called ‘challenge dese’, 150mg/kg, 200mg/kg or 300mg/kg of EPN. During the pretreatmental period, only 2 out of 60 hens which received the pretreatment died.
2) The mortality rate due to the acute toxicity after the challenge does in the group pretreated by 10 mg/kg/day for 20 days was significantly lower than in the non-pretreated group.
3) It is clear that EPN shows delayed neurotoxicity in hens. Delayed neurotoxic effect was observed in all groups which were given repeatedly the pretreatment of EPN prior to each challenge dose. While the survived hens from the acute death in the non-pretreated group did not show any sign of delayed neurotoxicity. The specific relationship, however, was not observed between the anount and times of pretreatment and the incidence of delayed neurotoxicity.
4) Delayed neurotoxic effects of EPN such as clinical symptomes, the cource of body-weight change and the findings of histopathological changes were just similar to those of leptophos and cyanofenphos.
5) The results of this study suggest that the using of the repeated pretreatment method allows to give high concentrated organophosphorus compound without atropinization and to accurate assessment of delayed neurotoxicity of some organophosphates; these effects would otherwise not be detected using a single dose of LD₅₀.

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This present study was conducted among the nine centers of Akita prefectural Welfare Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives. This applied to women over 30 years of age, and carried out following to the standard method of the Japan Cancer Society.
The total of women examined by the first screening from April 1983 to January 1985 amounted to 15903, of which the number of women over 60 years of age was only 7 per cent of the total. According to the type of screening, the number of women slightly more in the center screening than in the local screening. However, in both types of screening, the number of women examined by the combination method, for example, anemia or uteric cancer, was much higher than that of the mass screening for breast cancer alone.
The second screening rates indicaded a marked difference of 0.4 to 21.7 per cent depending on the location of the center. The over-all average for the second screening was 3.8 per cent. As a result of the second screening, breast cancers were detected in 12 cases (0.07%). The breast cancer detection rate increased with age. It is notable that the breast cancer detection rate for women over 60 years of age was 5 times higher than for women over 40 years of age. Among other diseases detected in the second screening were mastpathy (233 cases), fibroadenoma (15 cases), mastitis (40 cases) and others.
As far the stage distribution and screening history for detected breast cancers, 60 per cent of all cancer cases were diagnosed as stage I, and 70 per cent were the initial screening. Seven out of 12 cases were aware the breast lump themselves before the first screening. From this point of view, it was suggested that every women should be educated in order to perform selfexamination.

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Using Kato's Self-abrasive Device, mass-screening for uterine cervical cancer has been carried out for 5, 983 married women at Chicheng country of a mountainous farm village and Shijiazhuang city in Hebei province, China, and the following result has obtained:
The women who diagnosed as class III and over were 42 persons (0.70%). Cancer cases which were confirmed by the biopsy were 10 (3 at Shijiazhuang city and 7 at Chicheng country); the occurrence rate of the cervical cancer was 0.17% and no false positive was observed. The mass -screening of the uterine cervical cancer has been carried out simultaneously by both way of the self-abrasive method and the scraper method for one third of persons who will take medical advice atboth districts. The result of comparative analysis for the quality of smear and the Papanicolaouclassification by the two method was;
1. As for the self-abrasive method, mixing with erythrocytes and overlapping of cells were few compared with the scraper method, and the diagnosis was more easily made in cytological examination.
2. The rate of coincidence by both methods were 78.85% in class I, 94.14% in class II, and 100.00% in class III-V.

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The precious lives of farmers throughout the world must not be sacrificed by agricultural mechanization. Statistics indicate that farm accidents involving deaths break out almost every day in Japan.
According to a survey of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 4, 650 persons were killed in farm accidents in a period of 12 years from 1971, the mortality averaging 388 a year. By sex, males accounted for 77% and females 23%. By age, 60-year-olds and older people accounted for 40%, indicating a high incidence of farm accidents among old pepole.
It is a grave issue that the number of accidents involving deaths in agriculture has not decreased in spite of the fact that accidents involving deaths in other industries have reduced by half. In 1981, 161, 449 farmers under the Labor Accident Insurance Scheme paid premiums to the tune of ¥1, 616 million, whereas7, 731 farmers who had been involved in farm accidents received indemnities to the amount of ¥4.2 billion, or 2.6 times the insurance premium revenue. This clearly suggests that the fund for this insurance scheme in at the brink of bankruptcy and how large the number of farm accidents is.
To cope with this situation, there is a need to establish as good a system of administration for work safty in agriculture as in other industries, to encourage all farmers to subscribe to the Labor Accident Insurance Scheme and invest in their own safety, and to urge agricultural cooperatives to vitalize its farm work safety movement for the development of district agriculture in which priority is given to safety.

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