All issues
Volume 47, Issue 4
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Yoshio HASEGAWA, Sigeki OKUYAMA, Suehisa KAWAMURA1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 387-392
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe previous report deals with the mechanism of workpiece removal by abrasive grains and it has been clarified that the workpiece removal is almost due to cutting. Then in this report, the average cutting thickness per cutting edge is determined by measuring the impulsive signal from a small thermocouple on the grinding surface and it is investigated how the cutting edge, with broad and flat wear area, can cut the workpiece. The main results obtained are as follows : (1) In the steady grinding state, the average cutting thickness is about 0.1-0.3 μm. (2) In the steady grinding state, it is considered that the grain repeats the following cutting process : i) dulling of the entering edge of wear flat with an increase of the cutting distance, ii) sliding of grain over the workpiece, iii) sharpening of the entering edge by workpiece during sliding, iv) occurrence of inclination of the grain due to the tangential grinding force and beginning of cutting.View full abstractDownload PDF (1013K) -
Characteristics and the Finishing Operation by the Plating Process of the WheelKazuo MOTOYA1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 393-398
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes a newly developed superfinishing method for finishing ferrites material. It also deals with the fundamental problems of this method. This method is as follows : A metal-bonded wheel is used as superfinishing stone while the solution of CuSO4 functions as machining liquid, and in the machining process electric current is made to flow from the electrode in the solution tank to the wheel through the flushing machining liquid; as a result the solution plays the roles of both machining liquid and plating solution. The principle of this method may be explained in terms of the penetrating action of abrasive grains into the surface of workpiece. Because the wheel gets plated with copper in the machining process, it gradually achieves the glazing state of its surface with the process of machining. And then the abrasive grains reduce their depth which is penetrated into workpiece as the wheel is put in the glazing state, until at the final finishing stage the surface of the workpiece comes to have small roughness. In the experiment, Mn-Zn single crystal was finished by this method, and the results were compared with those achieved by the ordinary superfinishing method. Investigation was made of how the plating of the wheel influenced the finishing operation. The results obtained are as follows : (1) From finishing characteristics by this method, this finishing type can be regarded as nearly the same as the grazing type in the ordinary superfinishing. (2) The final finishing roughness is 0.02-0.03 μm Rmax. (3) The metal-bonded wheel is plated with copper during the finishing process and the penetration depth of abrasive grains is reduced in proportion to the finishing time.View full abstractDownload PDF (1289K) -
Michisuke JO, Kunihiko FUNADA1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 399-404
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents a new computer program for automatic mesh generation in plane structures. The program is developed not merely as a preprocessor of FEM program but also as a basic tool for mesh optimization in structural analysis. Table of two-dimensional co-ordinates called mesh data is designed to control local mesh size. Each MD-point (mesh data point) has an integer value indicating the mesh size in the neighbourhood of the point. An equilateral triangle called initial face is determined to cover a plane structure and to initialize the mesh generation. The algorithm consists of three steps. In the first step, each face is divided into four equilateral triangular faces when it includes MD-point indicating smaller mesh size than itself. Second, the number of generated middle points on the three edges of each face is counted to regulate the mesh. Two or three middle points yield subdivision into four faces. Two right triangles are generated by one middle point. In the third step, boundary contour of plane structure is traced to move the neighbouring nodes of mesh on the contour and then outside faces are eliminated to prepare divided model for FEM analysis. Generated mesh patterns in several cases are shown to confirm the feasibility of this algorithm and short computing time.View full abstractDownload PDF (1036K) -
Hiroyuki YOSHIKAWA1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 405-410
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDesigning process is studied in an axiomatic approach. In the previous paper, the axiomatic approach was found capable of deriving a general design theory which clarifies fundamental principles of human designing activity. In the present paper, the similar method is applied to study dynamic aspects of design, that is designing process. Under the same axioms as the previous paper, the designing process by a real designer is analysed. The real designer is defined as one who deviates from the ideal one by several kinds of imperfections in the memory structure and the thinking process. In case a designer has no imperfections, say an ideal knowledge, it is understood that he reaches a design solution which satisfies the specification given in a mathematical way or algorithmically. A theorem, on the contrary, is deduced which insists that a real designer with some imperfections cannot design unless he is given some specific knowledges which directly link the function to the attribute compensating his imperfections. From the study, four models are proposed by which a real designer can design compensating his imperfections; the catalogue model, the calculation model, the production model and the paradigm model which have correspondences to actual design activities of designers and also have applicability to CAD system constructions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1252K) -
Tojiro AOYAMA, Ichiro INASAKI, Sakae YONETSU1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 411-417
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBubbles will be produced in the lubricant film of hydrostatic bearings caused by the hydrodynamically generated negative pressure. The production of bubbles should be avoided because bubbles in lubricant films give the undesirable effects on bearing performances. In this study, the limit of bubbles production in the sector-shaped recesses of hydrostatic thrust bearings is experimentally and theoretically investigated. Effects of the spindle tilt on bubbles production in recesses are also analysed. The analysis lead to the results as follows. (1) Bubbles production in recesses are caused by the air drawing through the bearing clearance or the so-called aeration. (2) The limit of bubbles production is given in terms of the speed parameter and the tilting ratio. (3) The bubbles production in recesses can be supposed theoretically by calculating the region of the negative pressure in the lubricant film by means of the finite element method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1332K) -
Kunitoshi NISHIMURA1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 418-423
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn roller paper feed mechanisms used in I/O equipments such as printers, facsimiles or OCR's, paper skew correction is an important problem. This paper shows a formulation of paper skew characteristics and possibility of skew correction by controlling variables to keep the equation dδ/dy=- (Aθ+BX), where δ is the paper feed difference between both ends of the roller, y is average paper feed, θ is paper inclination angle, X is lateral paper displacement and A and B are constants. These theoretical prospects have been verified by experiments on practical systems.View full abstractDownload PDF (659K) -
Relations between Types of Chip Formation and Surface FinishTsuyoshi DOTSU, Koji IMAGAWA, Sumio NAGATA, Akira KITAHARA, Shigeru AK ...1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 424-429
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe composite material made from the Shirasu Balloons and aluminum alloys is a new industrial material, the porosity of which is large extremely, the specific gravity is very low, and the heat in sulation is good. In this paper, the chip formation mechanism of the composite in the orthogonal cutting at low speeds was observed with a high speed camera to clarify the cutting mechanism, and the influence of the types of chip formation on the surface finish was studied. The main results obtained are as follows. (1) The chip formation of the composite is classified into four types; the shear type, tear type, crack type, and “go to pieces” type. The plastic deformation in the chip is much less than that of an Al-12% Si alloy, while the decrease of the volume due to compressive stress is found. (2) The surface finish of the composite is desirable when the shear type chip is formed. (3) The quality of the surface finish produced by the tear and crack type chip formation depends on the angle (β-α), where β is the friction angle, α is the rake angle. (4) The surface finish is not desirable when the “go to pieces” type chip is formed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1185K) -
Kunio SUZUKI, Ichiro INASAKI, Sakae YONETSU1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 430-435
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper the load-carrying capacity and the limiting conditions of the hydrostatic journal bearings are investigated considering the hydrodynamic effect. The hydrostatic journal bearing handled in this paper is cappillary compensated and has four pads. The results obtained are as follows : (1) The load-carrying capacity calculated by the finite element method agrees well with the experimental results in the range where a negative pressure does not occur in the bearing. (2) The occurrence of the unstable shaft vibration is closely related to the generation of negative pressure in the recess. The limiting condition of the generation of negative pressure is given by the eccentricity ratio and the speed parameter S=D2ηω/Psc2. (3) The limiting condition becomes narrower as the land width increases. (4) The tilting of the shaft decreases the load-carrying capacity when the shaft is at rest. The load capacity, however, increases as the tilting angle increases when 'the shaft is rotating faster than a certain speed. (5) The stable region of the bearing performance decreases with the increase of the shaft tilting angle.View full abstractDownload PDF (808K) -
Kazuo MARUYAMA, Makoto MASUDA, Nobutoshi OHASHI1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 436-441
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, the choice of the suitable tightening control method for high strength bolts is investigated. At the first part of this study, the large scale experiments are performed about the torque coefficient in tightening with high strength bolts and nuts. As the result, the significant effects are recognized, in the nominal diameter and the lubricant for the mean of torque coefficient, and in the surface treatment for the scatter of torque coefficient. Nextly, taking account of the above mentioned results, various tightening control methods are compared with each other. It is found that a torque control method in which a target value of tightening torque is determined on the basis of the torque gradient control method may be an effective tightening method.View full abstractDownload PDF (999K) -
Yoshihiko HONMA1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 442-447
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe apparent probability of an orientation of rolling solids on a flat plane is given theoretically by some considerings for the rolling motion of solids, but the direction of the orientation is not determined by those considerings. On the other hand, in the orientation of parts in automatic assembling systems, it is important to estimate the direction of feeding parts. The orientation of rolling solids or parts on a plane is determined by the restriction for rolling motion with the plane and so, the direction of those solids or parts on the track of the feeder is determined by the restriction with the side wall of the track. From above, this paper shows that the apparent probability of a direction of parts on the track is given by an application of the theory which is used for the orientation of rolling solids on a plane by considerings for the restriction with the side wall of the track instead of the plane. Finally, results of numerical examples are compared with that of experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1132K) -
Isamu YOSHIMOTO, Kazuo MARUYAMA, Kenji OHMURA1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 448-453
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new optical feeler which can detect the position of an object with high accuracy, is designed and trially manufactured by combining a tool maker's microscope and a photodiode, and it is applied to the screw lead measuring machine with laser interferometer for the automatic measurement of the cumulative pitch error and the lead error including cyclic error of screw. In order to nvestigate the accuracy of measurement in this device, the experiments are carried out changing some factors. The main results are as follows : (1) This device can measure the screw with a small diameter and/or a small pitch which it is difficult to measure with the feeler of contact type. (2) Also the measurement for the screw with a large diameter and/or a large pitch is possible. (3) The accuracy of measurement is 0.2μm for repeatability and 0.8 μm for reproducibility in standard deviation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1025K) -
Hiroshi KAMADA, Takashi NISHIMURA1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 454-458
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis report describes the continuous-forms stacker and its characteristics under the swing fin method in high speed line printer. Stacking optimum condition and paper stacking model are discussed in this paper. The influence of main parameters such as paper thickness and length is cleared by stacking phenomena observation using high speed video-tape-recorder. And it is cleared that the paper stacking profile is classified into six patterns. Stacking instability condition is explained with parameter l0. Paper stacking mechanism is assumed by the following model, forced vibration of cantilever beam with accumulated mass at the pointed end. Comparing the experimental results with calculated ones, the validity of the model is discussed. These results are reflected in high speed printer's stacker design.View full abstractDownload PDF (709K) -
A Study of Cutting Mechanism of Circular Cutting Edge Ball End Mill (2nd Report)Tateshi KISHINAMI, Hiroshi SUZUKI, Katsumasa SAITO1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 459-465
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, a theoretical analysis procedure of cutting operation angle of ball end mill was proposed in order to estimate its cutting ability. Three geometrical models of typical ball end mill cutting operation were established for estimating the cutting operation angle, and, geometrical cutting conditions were given by vector functions. Relationship between cutting operation angle and cutting conditions which involved the cutting edge shapes of ball end mill was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1019K) -
Tadaaki HANAOKA, Shizuichi HIGUCHI1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 466-470
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn abrasive belt grinding, elastic deformation of contact wheel caused by grinding conditions changes contact condition between abrasive belt and workpiece. And this contact condition affects grinding characteristics considerably. So, in cylindrical plunge cut with constant infeed rate, it was tried to study the effects of the elastic deformation and infeed rate, by means of estimating the abrasive belt life. As a result, abrasive belt life depends on the arc length of tool-work interface in the case of using comparatively soft contact wheel. The other, the life depends greatly on the loading force on the grains in the case of hard contact wheel. On the basis of that result, made the nomograph indicating the suitable grinding conditions that enable to select infeed rate and contact wheel hardness easily. Moreover, it was explained that the compalatively soft contact wheel offers an advantage as to grinding efficiency also.View full abstractDownload PDF (868K) -
Noriteru NISHIDA, Yuji MARUKI1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 471-476
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe characteristic of the tooth-meshing noise spectrum is described by using the concept of modulation. In actual noise spectrum of gears with eccentric errors, a large number of sidebands appear on both sides of the tooth-meshing frequency. From the appearance of these sidebands, it is known that the tooth-meshing noise is subjected to modulations. The sideband level of amplitude modulation or frequency modulation is known to be symmetric about the tooth-meshing frequency but the level of sidebands of actual meshing noise is asymmetric. It is shown by theoretical analysis and experimental results that the asymmetry occurs in the case where the tooth-meshing noise is subjected to both amplitude modulation and frequency modulation at the same time. The relation of the coefficient of modulation, which is one of the parameters deciding the sideband level, with both the amount of eccentricity of gears and the reduction ratio is given theoretically.View full abstractDownload PDF (894K) -
Fundamental Differential Equation of Machining GapKohei SHIMOMURA, Sukemitsu ITO1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 477-482
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudy on electrochemical machining using the electrolyte of a sodium nitrate solution has been carried out to solve the fundamental differential equation of the machining gap. Three classes of steels are machined in a specially designed cell. The change in the gap is photographically observed and measured through the transparent window of the cell. The gap reaches an equilibrium after some time under the condition of a constant feed rate and gap voltage. The metal removal rate in the equilibrium condition increases linearly with increasing current density. The relationship deduces the current efficiency-current density curve to be a rectangular hyperbolic. By utilizing this hyperbolic relation, the fundamental differential equation is so solved that the machining gap varies logarithmically with time. The gap-to-time curves are successfully coinsident with experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1041K) -
[in Japanese]1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 483-486
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (456K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 487-493
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1506K) -
[in Japanese]1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 494-500
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1167K) -
[in Japanese]1981 Volume 47 Issue 4 Pages 501
Published: April 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (196K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|