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Volume 51, Issue 6
Displaying 1-24 of 24 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1097-1106
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1107-1111
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 16, 2010
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1112-1117
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1118-1123
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1124-1130
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1131-1136
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1137-1141
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1142-1148
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1149-1155
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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[in Japanese]1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1156-1160
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
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Shunro YOSHIOKA, Toshiyuki MIYAZAKI, Norio KANEKAMA, Tatsuo KIMURA1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1181-1186
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectron beam welding is usually performed by a continuous and moving beam. Pulsed beam appears useful for rather small machine parts because it can weld them by a high peak but low average power ; therefore, thermal effect on the machine can be made smaller. On the basis of the consideration above, experiments were carried out varying duty factor (0.05-0.45), frequency (2.4-1 000 Hz), and peak beam current (12-35 mA) under a fixed acceleration voltage of 50 kV. Full penetration welding is produced only in a certain condition determined by the relationships between frequency and duty factor. For a fixed duty factor and constant peak beam current, bead width depends on frequency in low frequency region ; for a high frequency, it holds constant. The bead width does not depend on the peak beam current. This seems due to the passing loss of energy, through a cavity hole produced in the weld zone.View full abstractDownload PDF (2846K) -
Stress Field and Feasibility of Introduction and Activation of Lattice DefectYuzo MORI, Naoya IKAWA, Kazuhisa SUGIYAMA, Toru OKUDA, Kazuto YAMAUCHI1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1187-1194
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe stress field induced in the work by the arrival of powder particle is analysed. The finished surface by the arrival of various powder particles at the various angles are observed with the electron microscope and the electron diffraction method. It is clarified how the finished surface structure depends on the shape of the stress field and its strength, or on the powder particle size and the arrival angle. Furthermore, the machining condition for achieving better "Elastic Emission Machining" is investigated. It becomes evident that when the particle size and the arrival angle are smaller the work is finished without introducing the lattice defect, and by the arrival of fine powder particle almost parallel to the work surface the atomic size fracture can be introduced elastically and the geometrically and crystallographically perfect mirror surface is obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (1731K) -
Influence of Bonding Material of Diamond Stick on Honing PerformanceTakashi UEDA, Shinji HANAMI, Satoshi HIRANO, Akira YAMAMOTO1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1195-1200
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInfluence of the bonding material of a diamond stick is investigated on honing performance. Three kinds of synthetic diamond sticks are used, that is, a metal bonded stick, a resinoid one and a vitrified one. For the metal bonded stick its bending strength is changed to find out the suitable bonding strength. Workpieces are alumina Al2O3, silicon nitride Si3N4 and silicon carbide SiC, which are sintered under atmospheric pressure. The results are as follows. The metal bonded diamond stick is most suitable for the effective honing of these three ceramics. In this stick, there is an advisable value of bending strength σb to get high productivity, namely, 120-140 MPa for Al2O3 and 80-100 MPa for Si3N4 and SiC honing, and these are less than the ordinary value 200 MPa at metal honing. This comes from necessity of creating some new cutting edges in operating. Then, the diamond grain with high toughness is recommended. Using the vitrified bonded stick and the cubic boron nitride grain is not advisable.View full abstractDownload PDF (988K) -
Yoshikuni NAKANO, Hideo KATO, Akihiro UETAKE1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1201-1206
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the mechanism of chatter mark generation in surface grinding by using horizontal spindle-reciprocating table type machines, experiments are conducted to measure the relative displacements between a grinding wheel head and a work table during various grinding operations, the dynamic characteristics of the surface grinding machines and the undulations of the finished surfaces. It is found that the dominant causes of the chatter marks are the rocking mode vibration of machines, the vibration having the period of the wheel rotation, the tuningfork mode vibration excited by grinding forces during rough grinding operations and the pulsation of hydraulic oil pressure. It is also found that the chatter marks due to the wheel rotation often change their appearances according to the variation of the speed and stroke of the work table, in spite of constant machine settings.View full abstractDownload PDF (3500K) -
Kazunori NAGASAKA, Tsutomu TSUKAMASA, Fumio HASHIMOTO1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1207-1211
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes determination procedure of optimum tool changing period which minimizes the loss of tool cost due to early tool changing and the loss of defectives, or nonconforming articles, produced by delayed tool changing, together with machining and material costs. For stochastic approach, a tool-life model is built-up by adding to a progressive wear process according to Taylor-like equation a sudden-death mechanism corresponding to macroscopic fracture. The model is developed as a fuction described by log-normal distribution and exponential distribution. Moreover, the distribution of defectives produced by the tool failed under fracture or wear can be obtained in similar way. Effects of several factors connected with machining economics on optimum solution are then investigated. The factors are failure rate, work material cost, cutting length, overhead and labor cost, and tool cost. The optimum tool changing periods given under various conditions are compared with the solutions given by deterministic approach. In many illustrations, the optimum tool changing periods come to shorter than those by deterministic approach except the case of high tool cost.View full abstractDownload PDF (914K) -
A Creation of Paint System 'CARP'Kunio KONDO, Fumihiko KIMURA, Taro TAJIMA1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1212-1217
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to devise a suitable method of the rendering for better manmachine communication in the manipulation of pictures by computers. With this method, one can easily get an impression of 3-D shapes by pictures. In this paper, a method of the tone setting dither was devised. This method has the advantage of a prevention of the Mach effect which is observed in displaying a continuous tone with a low color resolution graphic display. Consequently it is able to display a curved surface with smooth shading by this method, even when a low color resolution graphic display is used. Further, the painting method is classified so as to make data input easy for picture painting. To achieve this, the partial modification method of a picture with shading on a graphic display is considered. As a result, one can interactively paint a color continuous tone. The paint system 'CARP' (Computer Aided Rendering for Presentation) that has these functions is created. Some pictures with shading were drawn using the CARP. Thus, the CARP is available not only for drawing some pictures but also many display-fields.View full abstractDownload PDF (6789K) -
Vibrational Characteristics of Bar having Threaded JointsHiroyuki KUMEHARA, Masaki MORI1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1218-1224
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a fundamental study to develop the most suitable design of threaded joints used in ultrasonic vibration system, the effects of tightening conditions on vibrational characteristics of the joints are investigated by using the model in which the bar having threaded joints is replaced by a single degree-of-freedom system with viscous damper. The obtained results are as follows : (1) Damped natural frequency of the bar is affected by finishing and form accuracy of contact surface, and also by lubrication condition of joint. (2) Logarithmic decrement of the bar is affected by finishing and form accuracy of contact surface, tightening force, lubrication condition and interaction between form accuracy and tightening force. (3) Stiffness and damping characteristics of threaded joints are conducted as equivalent viscous damping coefficient C and equivalent spring constant k from the equivalent model proposed for the bar. Therefore the tightening state can be evaluated by the use of C and k. It is recognized that good tightening state, that is, C is small and k is large, is obtained under the conditions of high form accuracy, finishing by grinding and large tightening force. Silicone grease has an effect on improving the tightening state in case of low form accuracy of contact surface.View full abstractDownload PDF (5723K) -
Tohru KANADA, Tadao TSUKADA1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1225-1230
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSampling interval in a measurement of cylindrical form by means of the discrete data is studied in this research from the viewpoints of form error, wave length to be analysed and measuring accuracy. Namely, circumferential and axial sampling intervals of the cylinder surface are proposed from the analysis of auto-correlation function with considering the ratio of the difference between the original profile and the linear-interpolated profile of neighboring discrete data to the magnitude of the original form errors as a criterion.View full abstractDownload PDF (1089K) -
Kohshi NISHIDA, Masao FUKUCHI1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1231-1237
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the diffracted sound field around a rectangular enclosure theoretically and experimentally, which has one or two apertures and contains sound sources inside. The sound pressure level distribution in the diffracted sound field has been computed based on Pierce's approximate expressions for sound diffraction over a single wedge or a three-sided semi-infinite barrier with two edges, and actually measured with the sound visualizing device built as a trial. In the computation, it is assumed that the sound radiation from an aperture can be expressed by a point source or distributed ones according to lower or higher frequencies. Based on these results, the applicability of the approximate expressions is examined to the estimation of the diffracted sound field around actual enclosures. The results may be summarized as follows : (1) When the distances from each edge to adjacent edge, source and observation point are larger than one third wave length, the computed results by Pierce's approximate expressions are in sufficient agreement with the experimental results. (2) The complicated directional patterns of the diffracted sound field can be grasped sufficiently in detail by using the sound visualizing method.View full abstractDownload PDF (4301K) -
Ken SASAKI, Katsuhisa ONO, Masaharu TAKANO1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1238-1243
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh accuracy ultrasonic sensor is developed. It has the structure of condenser microphone type with thin plastic membrane and has a rapid stand-up of sound impulse because of high damping in membrane, which enables high precision measurement. Theoretical analysis clarified that natural frequency f0 is determined by membrane density, tension and stiffness of air confined in backplate grooves, and that directional characteristics of impulsive sound radiation and reflection is approximated by the square of that of ordinary sound. In case of a developed sensor f0=118 kHz and half bandwidth 6° are obtained. A new measuring method is adopted, where the distance to the object is calculated by sound reflection time which is measured from 0-cross point of sound wave, and azimuth is measured by the angle indicating maximum amplitude. The measuring accuracy of 0.1mm for distance and 0.1°for azimuth have been accomplished. By rotational scanning of sensor the characteristic point of an object can be known and it gives the informations of its shape, position and orientation. Experimental results showed that the object of some complicated shape can be recognized, which suggest its applicability to robot.View full abstractDownload PDF (3674K) -
Yoshiaki KAKINO, Yuichi IWAMOTO, Yukitoshi IHARA, Aketoshi KAMEI, Toru ...1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1244-1250
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method to improve the accuracy of 3-dimensional coordinate measuring machine and a convenient method to test its measuring accuracy were studied. Error vector of the measuring position was defined in the machine, and the relation between it and volumetric error obtained by the double ball bar test was theoretically analyzed. Double ball bar test equipment was fabricated and its performance was strictly examined. The results show that it has sufficient accuracy and conveniency for machine shop use to evaluate the accuracy of the 3-dimensional coordinate measuring machine. The volumetric error obtained by double ball bar test was compensated using error vector which was reduced from the measured straight motion errors of the machine. It was found that the volumetric error obtained by the double ball bar test was significantly decreased by the compensation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1169K) -
Susumu IKEDA, Hiroshi YANO1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1251-1256
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was clarified in the previous report that personal errors of micrometer measurements were caused mainly by both variations of rotational speeds of ratchet stops by operators and the noticeable regression relations between the speed and measuring force of micrometers. This report describes the measurement of measuring force and its transient response of five types of micrometers at first and then the theoretical analysis of producing process of measuring force. The main results are as follows : (1) The regression relations are commonly observed in spite of the types of stop devices to provide measuring force, (2) the producing process of measuring force is devided into two types by the rotational speed and (3) in higher speed region the producing process of measuring force is explicated by energy conversion theory that a part of rotational energy of male-threads parts changes to deformation energy of the micrometer and measuring object.View full abstractDownload PDF (1013K) -
Hideharu OSADA, Akira SHIMOKOHBE1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1257-1263
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to evaluate straight motion accuracy of precision machinery, two kinds of errors i. e. positional errors and angular errors, have to be considered. Angular errors are so far measured by using precision levels or autocollimators and positional errors, by using straight edges or steel wires. Recently, laser interferometers become available for positional error measurement. A method what is called the inclination method for straightness evaluation of forms, is often applied to measurement of straight motion accuracy. In the method, the angular change of a moving table measured by an autocollimator is integrated and converted into the positional change. But it has been experienced that a positional error by the method does not coincide with that by the laser interferometer. In this report, it is shown that this disagreement occurs even if each measurement is carried out correctly. The reasons for the disagreement are ; (1) parallel motion of a moving table without an angular change of it. (2) difference between the distance of the table feet and that of the measuring intervals. It is concluded that the application of the inclination method to measurement of position errors is unreasonable.View full abstractDownload PDF (3055K) -
Nobutoshi OHASHI, Mitsutoshi ISHIMURA1985 Volume 51 Issue 6 Pages 1264-1268
Published: June 05, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper shows a detail of newly manufactured thread-loosening test machine by repeated impact force normal to the bolt axis and presents the testing method by this machine. The critical impact energy Encr in which the decreasing rate of tightening force is equal to the specified value, is determined from a small number of test specimens by the staircase method and this Encr is presented to be the characteristic value of the self-loosening. Thus, the loosening characteristics of tightening both in elastic and plastic regions are investigated by this method. The experimental results indicates that the initial loosening of tightening force in plastic region is greater than that in elastic region, but it has a tendency similar to the case of larger tightening force in elastic region.View full abstractDownload PDF (905K)
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