The development of the lyssa was studied consecutively on each life stadium of dogs, all selected from those of common hybrid type close to the Japanese species. These were sacrificed at every five days interval from 20th embryonic day to 15th postnatal day of the animal's life. By 28th embryonic day, the lyssa starts developing at the tip of the tongue as a mass of interstitial cells generally arranged in concentric direction, extending itself backward approximately 1.35mm. By 30th embryonic day, it increases to 2.72mm in antero-posterior length. The transversal sections of the anterior and posterior parts resemble to the sections from 28th day specimens. However, the sections at the center part shows the presence of a mass of irregularly arranged young parenchymal cells surrounded by a mass of young circumscribing cells. By 35th embryonic day, it reaches approximately 3.80mm in length, and two or three layers of cells outside of the circumscribing cell group are already differentiated into connective tissue serving as a sheath. By 40th embryonic day, it reaches approximately 4.61mm in length, and the inner part of the circumscribing cell group and the outer part of the parenchymal cell group already turn into a muscle substance engirdling the remaining parenchymal cells inside. By 45th embryonic day, it reaches approximately 5.79mm in length, the parenchymal cell group being already differentiated into a longitudinal muscle. The stage of life from 50th embryonic day to 10th postnatal day of the animal is marked by increase of the bulk of the lyssa which is now approximately 6.27 to 8.70mm in length. The growth is particularly accentuated by elongation and full growth of the posterior part of the lyssa where marked development and increase in both the circumscribing and longitudinal muscles are observable. By 15th postnatal day, it reaches approximately 7.84mm in length and all the tissue elements including the adipose tissue which comes last to develop at the anterior and posterior parts of the body and between fibers of the longitudinal muscle, proceed toward their final development to complete the embodiment of the lyssa.

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To date rather scanty informations are available in relation to the female subjects in the studies on various anatomical traits of the human mouth, in spite of relative abundance of reports accumulated thereon indifferently of sexes. It is especially so, when it deals with comparison between groups of female subjects in the same range of ages residing in the different sections of land. In view of this, a survey has been conducted on 270 female subjects 17 to 29 years of age residing in Shimonoseki, Yawata and Beppu cities, and, as the control, on 100 male subjects 18 to 28 years of age residing in Shimonoseki city. The data of measurement on the tooth bite, dental arch and palate of the subjects were compared between each regional groups, and at the same time comparison between sexes was done with male and female subjects residing in Shimonoseki city. A TOOTH BITE AND DENTAL ARCH 1) Tooth bite and over-bite degrees in the incisor tooth region : There was no difference in the incisor bite degree between each regional group, nor hardly any between both sexes groups. As to the over-bite degree, that in the female of Shimonoseki was the smallest of all. Also that of the female was smaller than that of the male in Shimonoseki with considerable difference present. 2) Dental arch length : No difference was shown to be present between regional as well as sexes groups. 3) Dental arch breadth : Regionally the female in Beppu city is the largest of all, and between sexes the female is smaller than the male with considerable difference present. 4) Dental arch index : Regionally the female in Shimonoseki is the largest, and between sexes the female is larger than the male with considerable difference present there. 5) Dental arch length : Regionally the female in Shimonoseki city was the largest, and between sexes, the female was smaller than the male in lower jaw with considerable difference present there, but almost no difference was present in upper jaw. 6) Circular length of dental arch : Regionally the female in Shimonoseki was by far the largest, but smaller than the male of the same city, with much difference present between both sexes. B THE PALATE 1) Palate height ; In the anterior palate height, the female in Shimonoseki was larger than that in Yawata, but hardly any difference was there between both sexes groups in Shimonoseki. In the posterior palate height, regional difference was not present. Between sexes, the female was smaller than the male with considerable difference. 2) Palate height index : Regionally compared. the female in Shimonoseki was larger than the female in Yawata in the anterior palate height index, while in the posterior palate height index, the female in Beppu was the smallest of all, and in the antero-posterior palate height index, the female in Yawata was the smallest. Between both sexes, hardly any difference was found in the anterior palate height index, but the female was smaller in the posterior palate height index, larger in the antero-posterior index with considerable difference respectively present there. 3) Length of median palatine suture : Regionally speaking, the female in Shimonoseki was considerably larger than the female in Yawata. There was hardly any difference between both sexes. 4) Length of palatal arch : Regional difference was hardly perceptible, but considerable difference was present between both sexes, the female being smaller than the male in this respect. C In summing up the results of these observations, it was concluded that the data for the dental arch and the palate from the female in Shimonoseki was generally larger than those from the female in other cities examined, and that there seemed no appreciable difference between the female groups of Yawata and Beppu. Comparison between both sexes revealed that the female was larger in the dental arch index and the antero-posterior palate height index, but with regard to the

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Continued to the previous works, efforts have been devoted to shed light on the detailed innervation in the teeth of the rodent, especially of rabbits, guinea pigs, albino rats and mice, and the following results were obtained. 1) Although minor difference was observed to exist between each animal in the mode of nerve distribution within the pulp of incisor teeth, the running courses of the nerve coincided within the animals in that they all run in parallel with the long axis of the tooth, several fibers being present in each tooth. 2) The molar teeth of the rabbit had relatively abundant supply of nerve fibers, whereas those in the guinea pig had extremely small number of nerve fibers. The running course and the mode of distribution of the nerve fibers in the molar teeth, hewever, are similar with those of the nerve fibers in the incisor teeth. 3) In albino rats and mice, the nerve fibers in the pulp of molar tooth make way into the tooth through the apical foramen in the form of single bundle which subsequently branches numerously at the crown part of the tooth in fan-like shape. 4) In albino rats and mice, the unmyelinated nerve fibers are relatively abundantly found in the vicinity of the pulp horn in the molar tooth, but they are very few in the other part of the pulp. 5) All the unmyelinated nerve fibers found in the pulp of each tooth have free endings with their tips tepering sharply. 6) The nerve fibers in the vicinity of the enamel organ are barely perceptible, if present. 7) In conclusion, the nerve fibers in the tooth pulp of rodents are characterized by the scanty distribution as well as by the simplicity of their running course. It must be also added that the presence of nerve fibers was not confirmed in the dentine at all.

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Detailed phases of physical development in the rooster of white leghorn breed were studied following hatching by means of measuring weight of the whole body, heart, lung, gizzard, testis, liver and spleen, and lengths of the anterior extremities including those of the humerus, ulna, radius, 3rd and 4th metacarpus, the posterior extremities including those of the femur, tibio-tarsus and tarso-metatarsus, intestine and cecum. The problem of relative growth was discussed on the basis of the data obtained in respect to the ratio between the body weight versus the respective weight of the internal organs studied. The results were summarized as follows. 1) The largest growth rate attained in length was that of tibio-tarsus, followed by those of tarso-metatarsus, femur, 3rd and 4th metacarpus, ulna, radius and humerus in this order. The posterior extremities somewhat exceeded the anterior extremities in the growth rate. The largest growth rate attained in weight was that of spleen, followed in the order by teetis, liver, lung and gizzard. These organs, however, had approximately the same weight until toward 10 days after hatching of the animal. 2) As index of the relative growth in weight, ratio between the body weight versus the weight of respective internal organ was expressed by the letter α, and all the values of α for the internal organs except that of the spleen were smaller than 1, suggesting that only the spleen exceeded the body weight in its growth rate.

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A male barbary sheep in a zoo died from marasmus on 30 March 1956. We dissected it and obtained following findings ; 1) Patho-anatomical findings ; a) Tuberculosis ; i) Lungs, ii) Pleura, iii) Heart, iv) Intestine, v) Liver and Hilus lymphatic gland, b) Marasmus, c) Atrophy of the heart, d) Stagnation of the spleen, e) Bronchitis. f) Bleeding ; Subcutaneous bleeding in breast, Subserosa of the 2nd stomach, Pericardium, g) Cyst ; Liver, Duodenum, 2) Patho-histological findings ; a) Tuberculous node ; Liver, Lungs, Intestine, Kidneys. 3) Bacterial findings ; In these tuberculous nodes there were stained many acid-fast bacilli just like tubercle bacilli by Ziehl-Neelsen's staining methode.

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We report here the result of dissection of a male osttich in zoo aged 6-7, died from parasitic disease. We found many Contortospiculums Rhea (Owen 1843) in its air-sacs. This is not reported in Japan yet. The results are summerized as follows ; 1) Parasites (A) Contortospiculums Rhea (Owen 1843) 30 in breast air-sac 15 in abdominal air-sac (B) Nematodes 30-40 in stomach 2) Indigestion 3) Bleeding (A) Air-sacs (B) Peritoneum (C) Intestines (submucosa and subserosa) (D) Heart sac (E) Right lung 4) Intestinal catarrh 5) Stagnation of the liver and fatty degeneration 6) Stagnation of the spleen 7) Stagnation of the kidney and nephrosis.

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Three American Alligators died from lipomatosis in a zoo. They were well nutriated and seemed healthy. From 3-5 days before death, however, their appetite disappeared and became inactive. Few days after, corpses of them were found in the pool. As remarkble findings of autopsy, we observed lipomatosis. Tumors were found in the abdominal walls, thoracial walls, surroundings of livers and kidneys, mesenteriums, surfaces of gastric serosas and tails. Tumors were isolated or confluated. Color of them were relatively yellow or milk white. Size of them varied from the soy-bean to the palms. The consistency were relatively hard. In the tumors, histochemically, there were neutral fat and collesterin fat. Patho-anatomically ; 1) Lipomatosis 2) Congestion in lungs 3) Cloudy swelling in liver 4) Congestion in spleen 5) Nephrosis 6) Ascites 7) Bronchitis 8) Fluid blood

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Four places differing with respect to natural and social environment, (1) a city, (2) a suburb (3) a mountain village and (4) three small islands in Yamaguchi Prefecture were chosen and numbers of the remaining deciduous teeth and erupted permanent teeth, dental decay (def and DMF) in 7382 children of primary and junior high schools were investigated and compared. 1. Exchange of the teeth occurs most early in the urban district, then the suburb, mountain village and islands in the ordor. 2. In every district, the eruption of permanent teeth is earlier in girls than in boys, and it is earlier in the lower jaw than in the upper except the premolar. 3. The shapes of frequency distribution of number of the remaining deciduous teeth change from J-type to Poisson-type, symmetric and L-type as the age advances from 6 to 15 years : those of the erupted permanent teeth are quite contrary to the above. 4. The dental decay expressed in def and DMF is highest in the city and declines in the order of the suburb, mountain village and islands.

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A survey of finger-print patterns has been conducted on a population of inhabitants residing in Shinyoshitomi village, Fukuoka prefecture. 1) Of the totals for individual fingers, there was a tendency that in the male S type was dominant in the first finger alone of the left hand and OW type in the same finger of the right hand, while in the female S type was dominant in the 3rd finger alone of the right hand. Sex difference was always exhibited in the right hand of the subjects examined and thus in the male OW type was dominant in the 1st finger, in the 2nd finger, however, B type was dominant in the female and OW type was dominant in the male. 2) Of the totals for five fingers, B type was dominant in the male's left hand, and S type in the female's right hand. Sex difference was not observed on the left hand, but in the right hand B and S types were dominant in the female with safe difference as well as with tendency difference. OW type conversedly tended to be dominant in the male. 3) Of the totals for ten fingers, B type alone was clearly dominant in the female, and otherwise there was no sex difference observed. 4) The frequency of the finger-print forms as examined for both sexes was revealed to be in the following decreasing order : OWs, S_5, SOW_4, and these three forms were regarded as the representative forms of finger-print prevalent in this district. 5) On the basis of the mean type difference as calculated for the total of ten finger patterns, comparison was made between this and the surrounding village inhabitants to know whether there were some consanguineous relation among them. The results have shown that some consanguinity existed among the inhabitants whose localities and cultural habits were closely related, but among those whose localities, although situated close to each other, were estranged from each other by inconvenient communication, the finger-print patterns also showed heterogeneity and suggested nothing of consanguinity present.

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[in Japanese]

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